Ground-Based Cloud Using Exponential Entropy/Exponential Gray Entropy and UPSO

Objective and accurate classification model or method of cloud image is a prerequisite for accurate weather monitoring and forecast. Thus safety of aircraft taking off and landing and air flight can be guaranteed. Thresholding is a kind of simple and effective method of cloud classification. It can realize automated ground-based cloud detection and cloudage observation. The existing segmentation methods based on fixed threshold and single threshold cannot achieve good segmentation effect. Thus it is difficult to obtain the accurate result of cloud detection and cloudage observation. In view of the above-mentioned problems, multi-thresholding methods of ground-based cloud based on exponential entropy/exponential gray entropy and uniform searching particle swarm optimization （UPSO） are proposed. Exponential entropy and exponential gray entropy make up for the defects of undefined value and zero value in Shannon entropy. In addition, exponential gray entropy reflects the relative uniformity of gray levels within the cloud cluster and background cluster. Cloud regions and background regions of different gray level ranges can be distinguished more precisely using the multi-thresholding strategy. In order to reduce computational complexity of original exhaustive algorithm for multi-threshold selection, the UPSO algorithm is adopted. It can find the optimal thresholds quickly and accurately. As a result, the real-time processing of segmentation of groundbased cloud image can be realized. The experimental results show that, in comparison with the existing groundbased cloud image segmentation methods and multi-thresholding method based on maximum Shannon entropy, the proposed methods can extract the boundary shape, textures and details feature of cloud more clearly. Therefore, the accuracies of cloudage detection and morphology classification for ground-based cloud are both improved.     

Influence of atmospheric turbulence on planetary transceiver laser ranging

In this paper we investigate the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the performance of the uplink of a planetary transceiver laser ranging system using a single photon detector. We numerically combine the influence of turbulence in the mean intensity profile variations, scintillation, beam-wander induced pointing errors and stochastic time-of-flight variations, using the Hufnagel–Valley turbulence profile to model the ground turbulence behavior. We map the intensity variations due to turbulence to variations in the probability distribution of the arrival time of the 1st photon in a laser pulse, which influences the range measurement error probability distribution. The turbulence models are applied to assess the influence on single-pass range accuracy and precision statistics, as well as the parameter estimation quality of a Phobos Laser Ranging (PLR) mission.     

Numerical simulation of time delay interferometry for a LISA-like mission with the simplification of having only one interferometer

In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA, laser frequency noise must be suppressed below the secondary noises such as the optical path noise, acceleration noise etc. In a previous paper (Dhurandhar, S.V., Nayak, K.R., Vinet, J.-Y. Time delay interferometry for LISA with one arm dysfunctional. Class. Quantum Grav. 27, 135013, 2010), we have found a large family of second-generation analytic solutions of time delay interferometry with one arm dysfunctional, and we also estimated the laser noise due to residual time-delay semi-analytically from orbit perturbations due to Earth. Since other planets and solar-system bodies also perturb the orbits of LISA spacecraft and affect the time delay interferometry (TDI), we simulate the time delay numerically in this paper for all solutions with the generation number n ? 3. We have worked out a set of 3-year optimized mission orbits of LISA spacecraft starting at January 1, 2021 using the CGC2.7 ephemeris framework. We then use this numerical solution to calculate the residual optical path differences in the second-generation solutions of our previous paper, and compare with the semi-analytic error estimate. The accuracy of this calculation is better than 1 cm (or 30 ps). The maximum path length difference, for all configuration calculated, is below 1 m (3 ns). This is well below the limit under which the laser frequency noise is required to be suppressed. The numerical simulation in this paper can be applied to other space-borne interferometers for gravitational wave detection with the simplification of having only one interferometer.     

碳纳米管气体传感器在空间站在轨检漏中的应用

空间站在轨检漏技术对维护空间站安全起着至关重要的作用。未来空间站检漏技术要求能更加快速、准确地确定微小泄漏点的位置。碳纳米管表面积大,对气体吸附反应灵敏,利用碳纳米管制备的气体传感器具有灵敏度高、响应快、重量轻、体积小、功耗低等特点,可以用于微量气体检测。据此,文章提出可以将碳纳米管气体传感器技术用于空间站的在轨检漏,并探讨了该技术在空间站检漏应用中面临的关键问题和解决方案。碳纳米管气体传感器技术的研究和发展有望提高空间站在轨检漏技术水平,为空间站的安全可靠运行提供保障。     

多传感器目标检测的性能评估（一）

通过对传感器性能分析，将ROC曲线予以量化，根据其几何意义导出传感器探测性能的评估模型，该模型是一个单一的量化指标，用观测量的概率均值和方差来评估传感器性能的优劣。     

异型螺杆铣削刀具监控仪的研究

针对异形螺杆铣削加工特点,阐述了异型螺杆铣削刀具磨损/破损监控原理,采用振动信号和功率信号特征值作为检测刀具磨损的参量,利用自适应神经--模糊推理系统(ANFIS)算法和哈默斯坦非线性系统的辨识,建立刀具状态监控模型,并基于模型进行了监控仪的设计,并对监控系统的设计做了详细的论述.经试验验证,该系统满足了对刀具监控的要求.     

数字式电火花加工放电状态检测系统的研究

通过采样电火花加工放电间隙的电压、电流信号和检测电压幅值上的高频信号的强弱，得出反映间隙放电状态的各种时间脉冲，利用计数器分别对其计数，再送给单片机运算处理，输出控制环节所需的各种放电状态时间百分数．     

J7L 飞机小速度机动试飞初探

在飞行试验的基础上，依据实际飞行中的机载测试记录和飞行体会，分别介绍了Ｊ７Ｌ飞机在作超临界盘旋、跃升回转、尾冲和小速度斤斗四个高难度小速度机动动作时，各自的进入条件、驾驶技术要领、动作特点和需要注意的问题。可供从事过失速飞行试验、战术机动研究的技术人员和飞行人员参考。     

空地联合主/被动探测制导系统设计与分析

在现代战争复杂电磁环境条件下,被动探测系统可以远距离探测跟踪预警机,将被动测量信息用于导弹制导,完成对预警机的直接杀伤,是电子对抗最有效的手段之一.但地面被动探测系统由于在高度方向上的基线难以拉开,俯仰角测量精度有限,因此难以高概率地完成导弹中末制导交班.此外在导弹中制导过程中,如果预警雷达关机,导弹也不能完成中末制导...     

采用压降检漏法对大型密封容器检漏时的"升压"现象分析

文章首先介绍了压降检漏法的原理,并针对该方法在检测大型密封容器过程中出现的"升压"问题,通过压降检漏法与非真空收集器检漏法的对比试验及理论分析,得出产生该现象的原因是由于被检系统的真实漏率小于压降检漏法的灵敏度而引起的.在检测周期允许的前提下,可通过延长保压时间满足检测要求.