相干信源DOA估计的非对称加权空间平滑差分算法

提出了相干信源DOA估计的非对称加权空间平滑差分(UWSSD)算法。在空间平滑差分运算的基础上,对各子阵协方差矩阵采用非对称权值加权处理,破坏差分矩阵的负反对称特性,从而使信源差分协方差矩阵恢复为满秩。差分矩阵中不含相关噪声及非相关源信息,可利用它分辨相关及相干信源,而利用传统子空间算法分辨非相干信源,从而重复利用阵列接收数据,可分辨更多信源。通过分析差分矩阵的特点,提出了一种无需矩阵特征分解的快速算法。仿真结果表明,UWSSD算法具有较强的噪声抑制能力及信源过载能力。     

Learning relative directions between landmarks in a desktop virtual environment

This study presents two experiments that examine howindividuals learn relative directions betweenlandmarks in a desktop virtual environment. Subjectswere presented snapshot images of different virtualenvironments containing distinguishing landmarks anda road network. Following the presentation of eachvirtual environment, subjects were given a relativedirection test. The relative direction test involvedindicating the direction of hidden landmarks fromdifferent vantage points in the environment. Half ofthese vantage points were presented during thelearning phase, while the other half were novel.Results showed that subjects learned relativedirections between landmarks equally well when sceneswere presented in either a sequential or random order.Furthermore, viewing a configuration of landmarks ina desktop virtual environment from multipleperspectives produced a viewpoint dependentrepresentation in memory. Subjects had significantlygreater response times for new viewing perspectives,as compared to previously viewed scenes. Thisviewpoint dependent representation of the environmentpersisted despite learning under conditions ofspatio-temporal discontinuity and changes to anenvironmental frame of reference.     

Context Affects Scale Selection for Proximity Terms

Abstract

Spatial proximity terms, such as near and far, communicate information regarding the distance in which a “located” object can be found with respect to a “reference” object. The present paper investigates whether people take into account the location of an object extraneous to the located object and reference object pair, when setting the scale for proximity language judgements. Across three experiments participants rated the appropriateness of near and far to describe spatial scenes that included a third (distractor) object positioned the same distance as the located object from the reference object, but at varying distances from the located object. The results show that the presence of other spatial relations affects scale setting, resulting in differences in appropriateness ratings for those spatial terms.     

四色定理论证的关键

一百多年来对"四色问题"的研究长期不得其解的关键在于:肯泊(A.Kempe)当年提出的"不可避免构形集"中一个国家(地域)具有五个邻国(邻域)的所谓"可约性"问题得不到解决。"《四色定理》论证"用数学归纳法,而"平面图的点着色方法"未用数学归纳法,两种方式论证"四色问题"都涉及到"一个(待着色)顶点有五个邻接顶点,已着有4种颜色,要将这4种颜色设法变成3种,把腾出来的1种颜色给该顶点着色。"———这就是四色定理论证的关键。再根据换色原理,用巧妙而深层次地换色办法,对这个关键进行更深刻地论述,其换(着)色最多六步就可以完成,进而更充实和完善了前述两文。     

Blasius边界层C－型失稳的理论分析

本文用空间模式的二次失稳理论分析了Ｂｌａｓｉｕｓ边界层转转捩实验￣［１］中Ｃ－型失稳后扰动演化过程。其幅值演化曲线与实验曲线符合较好。     

基于亚像素的圆孔几何参数立体视觉高精度测量

针对工业现场当中圆孔尺寸测量的问题,提出了基于亚像素边界提取和圆拟合的圆孔几何参数双目立体视觉高精度非接触测量方法.该方法包含了经过Canny算法的一次边界定位后的基于灰度矩的亚像素边界二次高精度提取算法,以及采用基于空间三维圆最优拟合求取空间圆的几何中心和半径等参数的算法.实验证明,该方法对于工件上圆孔的测量不仅提高了测量精度,并且减小了空间圆透视投影畸变引起的测量误差,从而满足了现场实验环境要求,保证了圆孔几何参数测量的高精度和高速度.     

不同隔板构型下带反应超声速混合层实验

为了考察超声速混合层混合、燃烧流场特性,并探索其被动增强方法,利用高速纹影、自发辐射成像和平面激光诱导荧光(PLIF)技术对压力匹配条件下的超声速混合层在不同隔板构型下的流场特性进行研究.结果表明:相对于对混合层混合的影响,凹腔对燃烧的影响明显受到抑制;尾部交错结构隔板促进混合层流向涡的产生,大大提高了混合层内燃烧强度.      

某型航空发动机用离心喷嘴燃油空间分布特性试验

建立了平面激光诱导荧光(PLIF)用于燃油分布特性测量的试验装置及其校正方法,并验证了校正方法的有效性.PLIF和平面激光散射(PLS)方法的燃油分布特性测量结果表明PLS方法对直径小于50μm的液滴存在非线性效应使小液滴集中区燃油分布测量结果偏大,PLIF方法适合燃油分布特性测量.利用PLIF方法从喷雾锥角、燃油周向分布不均匀度和分布指数等方面综合评价燃油空间分布特性.偏心和尺寸大小不等的凹槽等分布不均匀的表现形式表明:造成燃油分布不均匀的因素包括喷嘴内部通道表面粗糙度、喷射孔圆度和零件之间的同轴度.利用PLIF方法研究雾锥在供油压差分别为0.14,0.25,2.5MPa时雾锥沿喷射方向的发展过程,液滴随雾锥发展逐渐从环形集中区分散到整个雾锥横截面,并且液滴分散过程随供油压差增加而加快.      

基于半无限引压管效应的动态压力测量方法

实验研究了动态压力信号在有限和半无限引压管腔中传播的幅频特性及其与引压管结构变化的规律性关联.采用半无限引压管结构设计了头部为基尔整流罩的动态总压探针,测量大角度来流的气流总压,并对其动态传递函数进行标定.对一台轴流压气机转子尾迹的测量结果显示:动态总压探针可以测量到转子尾迹的总压流场特征,获得叶片端区流动等大梯度总压流场.对于采用引压管腔的动态探针设计中管径变化和弯曲造成信号能量的衰减作用,半无限引压管效应可有效减小动态压力信号的能量衰减,并减弱管腔的谐振效应.     

空间多目标空域分布分析及解算方法

空间多目标空域分布是指目标群在飞行过程中的空间相对位置关系和运动状态,是评估武器系统性能的重要参数。测控系统对该参数的获取越来越重视,但是对空域分布的描述还没有形成统一的认识。从目标探测和目标识别角度提出了一种解决方案,按照多目标在空间散布的形态把空域分布划分为直线分布、平面分布和立体分布3种类型,定义了各种分布类型的描述参数,并给出了各类参数的解算策略和方法步骤。用10个目标构成不同分布形态的目标群,仿真测控系统对其跟踪解算过程,解算结果与空域分布设计一致,验证了分析和解算方法的正确性,该方法可以在试验任务中推广应用。