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Electromechanical actuators (EMAs) are becoming increasingly attractive in the field of more electric aircraft because of their outstanding benefits, which include reduced fuel burn and maintenance cost, enhanced system flexibility, and improved management of fault detection and isolation. However, electromechanical actuation raises specific issues when being used for safety-critical aerospace applications like flight controls: huge reflected inertia to load, jamming-type failure, and increase of backlash with service due to wear and local dissipation of heat losses for thermal balance. This study proposes an incremental approach for virtual prototyping of EMAs. It is driven by a model-based system engineering process in order to enable simulation-aided design. Best practices supported by Bond graph formalism are suggested to develop a model’s structure efficiently and to make the model ready for use (or extension) by addressing the above mentioned issues. Physical effects are progressively introduced, and the realism of lumped-parameter models is increased step-by-step. In particular, multi-level component models are architected to ensure continuity between engineering activities. The models are implemented in the AMESim simulation environment, and simulation responses are given to illustrate how they can be used for preliminary sizing, control design, thermal balance verification, and faults to failure analysis. The proposed best practices intend to provide engineers with fast, reusable, and efficient means to assess performance virtually and enhance maturity, performance, and robustness. 相似文献
244.
在设计控制系统模型时,首先引入了有限差分法(FDM)离散化后的波动方程,然后基于H∞最优控制原理,检查闭环控制系统的稳定性和可探测性,对控制系统传感器和作动器的位置进行优化配置.通过计算闭环反馈系统的范数,最终得到了控制系统的最优控制算法.仿真结果表明,利用波动方程来优化控制系统传感器和作动器位置的算法是可行的,可广泛应用于飞控系统的设计中. 相似文献
245.
为更好地理解热力学排气系统(TVS)的运行机理,优化其运行参数,针对节流装置,建立了热力学模型,讨论了节流过程中状态参数的变化规律,对比了单相气体、单相液体节流的性能特性,进一步揭示了焦汤节流效应的原理,分析了不同节流背压下节流前低温工质(液氢和液氧)压力和温度对节流性能的影响,并结合TVS实际应用,阐述了节流最大制冷量的利用效果,提出了优化的TVS工作区间。研究表明:在节流过程不发生相变情况下单相气体节流制冷效应要比单相液体节流制冷效应更加显著;而在节流过程发生相变情况下液体节流至两相后,由于空化吸热导致流体温度降低,对于液氢,0.5MPa的压降可产生接近3 K的温降。对于液体节流,节流前压力对节流过程影响可忽略,〖JP2〗而节流前温度和节流背压对节流过程起主导作用;对于液氢在在轨运行工况下,考虑到节流制冷量的充分利用,同时保证换热过程体积含气率不高于90%,推荐TVS系统中节流背压范围为75~143 kPa。 相似文献
246.
《中国航空学报》2020,33(6):1602-1610
This paper presents an integrated research scheme for vector deflection and energy extraction in a gas plasma jet under Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) control. A MHD-controlled thrust-vector test rig was used to conduct the experimental research. A gas plasma was obtained by injecting ionization seeds of Cs2CO3 into the combustion chamber via artificially forced ionization. The effects of the gas temperature and ionization seed mass fraction on the plasma jet deflection and energy extraction were experimentally verified under an applied magnetic field. The experimental results were analyzed theoretically. The results showed that the deflection amplitude of the gas plasma jet and the extracted voltage signal intensity increased with increasing gas temperature and the ionization seed mass fraction. The extracted dynamic voltage signals proved that the ionization seeds of Cs2CO3 induced gas ionization at 1173 K. The experiment verified that it is feasible to simultaneously achieve jet deflection and extract energy under the action of an external magnetic field. 相似文献
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An aerodynamic optimization method for axial flow compressor blades available for engineering is developed in this paper. Bezier surface is adopted as parameterization method to control the suction surface of the blades, which brings the following advantages:(A) significantly reducing design variables;(B) easy to ensure the mechanical strength of rotating blades;(C) better physical understanding;(D) easy to achieve smooth surface. The Improved Artificial Bee Colony(IABC) algorithm, which significantly increases the convergence speed and global optimization ability, is adopted to find the optimal result. A new engineering optimization tool is constructed by combining the surface parametric control method, the IABC algorithm, with a verified Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulation method, and it has been successfully applied in the aerodynamic optimization for a single-row transonic rotor(Rotor 37) and a single-stage transonic axialflow compressor(Stage 35). With the constraint that the relative change in the flow rate is less than0.5% and the total pressure ratio does not decrease, within the acceptable time in engineering, the adiabatic efficiency of Rotor 37 at design point increases by 1.02%, while its surge margin 0.84%,and the adiabatic efficiency of Stage 35 0.54%, while its surge margin 1.11% after optimization, to verify the effectiveness and potential in engineering of this new tool for optimization of axial compressor blade. 相似文献
249.
建立了飞行器助推-滑行式燃料最优真空飞行轨迹的最优控制模型,给出了一种更为简单、直观的内点约束条件和横截条件的推导方法,讨论了高效且更为稳定的数值计算方法,提出了两种应用模式,通过与连续推力式和脉冲式飞行方案的比较,说明这种设计方法在节省燃料方面具有优势. 相似文献
250.