二维扰动对下游圆盘压力分布的影响

通过测量阻力和表面压力,研究了干扰圆柱尾迹产生的二维扰动对下游圆盘气动特性的影响,得到圆盘迎风面压力分布的变化规律,并结合以往流场结构的研究,对其机理进行了分析.结果表明在圆盘与干扰圆柱间距比L/D较小时,圆盘迎风面低压区宽度随间距增大迅速增加;当L/D>0.7时,对于同一直径的干扰圆柱,圆盘迎风面低压区宽度基本保持不变;对于不同直径的干扰圆柱,在圆盘前产生低压区的宽度随圆柱直径的增加而变大.此外,利用这种干扰方法,可以降低圆盘阻力,实验得到圆盘阻力可减少约9%,相应的圆柱/圆盘系统的阻力可减小4%.      

圆柱绕流尾迹流态特征和涡的演化过程分析

低雷诺数圆柱绕流中存在着复杂的流动过程,比如,尾迹中涡的发展显然不是理想的轴对称卷绕和扩散的过程.针对上述问题,用场观点和拉各朗日观点分别分析了固定时刻的流场特征和不同时刻的流动过程.首先通过等压线和相对流线的叠加,分析了相邻涡间通道内的流动.其次从涡结构的角度解释了尾迹中流体速度随时间的变化规律,并利用流体在不同时刻受不同流动结构控制的观点解释了染色线多次折回中粒子间的显著间断现象.最后对绕圆柱附近的流动进行了分区界定,分析了其中部分流体的变形情况和运动过程.     

反射激波作用下两种重气柱界面不稳定性实验研究

在水平方形激波管中对两种无膜重气柱界面（分别是SF6和氩气）在反射激波作用下的不稳定性发展进行了实验研究。气柱界面采用射流技术形成,实验采用连续激光片光源照射流场,乙二醇作为示踪粒子,并用高速摄像机对流场进行拍摄,获得了入射激波以及反射激波共同作用下,两种不同气柱界面的演化过程。实验结果表明,两种气柱的Atwood数不同,界面演化速率不同,反射激波到达前后的界面形态不同。SF6气柱在入射激波作用下会产生两个比较明显的反向的涡环结构,而氩气柱界面上由于产生的涡量较少,涡环结构并不明显。在反射激波作用下,SF6气柱界面会出现明显的次级涡对,而且次级涡对的旋转方向与初始涡环结构的旋转方向相反。对于氩气柱而言,在反射激波作用下虽然也产生了与初始涡环方向相反的次级涡对,但次级涡对始终未充分发展。这是因为反射激波作用时氩气柱界面的Atwood数较小导致氩气柱界面上产生的反向涡量较少。实验结果充分表明了气体Atwood数对界面不稳定性的发展起到了较大的影响。     

复合材料气瓶铝合金内衬泄漏失效分析北大核心CSCD

复合材料气瓶在自紧过程中发生泄漏。通过断口、金相、有限元分析及综合分析得出:气瓶瓶嘴根部各向异性的粗晶组织降低了气瓶瓶嘴根部的韧、塑性和强度是气瓶内衬自紧过程中发生低压力开裂泄漏的主要原因,通过改进和控制收口加热与旋压工艺,细化了气瓶瓶嘴根部的组织,最终解决了其自紧过程中泄漏问题,稳定复合材料气瓶的质量。     

导弹发射筒筒底压力场仿真

文章对筒底结构经过适当的简化,选取了计算模型,给出入口边界条件和筒内流场湍流参数,确立了动网 格边界条件,通过仿真计算,得出筒底压力场。比较筒内特征点压强和试验值之间的吻合情况,从而验证了筒底压 力场仿真方法的正确性。     

自紧工艺对CFRP气瓶应力水平的影响

文摘利用ABAQUS有限元软件,对铝内胆结构的CFRP气瓶进行了分析,根据其结构建立了模型,采用二维Hashin失效准则对纤维缠绕层进行了渐进失效分析,包含了4种失效模式,纤维及基体的拉伸和压缩失效。研究了不同失效模式的萌生和分布规律。对自紧原理对气瓶的影响进行了研究。分析得出只有当气瓶承载压力大于自紧工艺压力时,内衬PEEQ值才会在自紧工艺后继续发生累积,气瓶自紧力开始失效。     

一种基于双重空间网格结合的高效DSMC实现方法

基于双重空间网格结合策略，发展了一种高效率的贴体DSMC（direct simulation Monte Carlo）方法。通过将仿真分子在物理空间结构网格的位置坐标映射于计算空间的直角网格中，并在计算空间中完成分子所属网格单元的定位以及分子与边界是否发生作用的判断，从而结合结构网格的贴体性和直角网格的高效率计算的优点，提高DSMC方法的贴体性和计算效率。基于双重空间网格结合策略，通过直接映射和间接映射法分别建立DSMC程序，对微尺度收缩扩张喷管气体流动和超声速圆柱绕流进行模拟。数值结果表明：两种方法均很好地模拟出微喷管因尺度缩小导致的黏性效应和速度滑移现象以及超声速圆柱绕流发生的激波现象，具备有效性。与传统结构网格方法对比，两种方法的计算效率平均分别提高了3.85倍和2.85倍，具备高效性。     

Radially loading rotary extrusion for manufacturing large-size conical cylinders with inner transverse high ribs

The Large-size Conical Cylinders with Inner Transverse High Ribs (LCCWITHR) can reduce the weight of the parts while maintaining high rigidity and strength. Radially Loading Rotary Extrusion (RLRE) forming technology can achieve integral forming of LCCWITHR through the synergy of radial and rotary movements of dies. The flow law of the material during the forming process is the key to forming large-size inner ribs. At present, there is no unified understanding of the metal flow law of RLRE forming technology. An analytical expression was derived to predict the Radial Direction (RD) deformation loads. The FE simulation and process experiment were carried out to investigate the effects of the inclination angle, thickness factor and transition arc radius of the split top dies on the spacing of the metal diversion plane, the metal flow velocity of the rib area and the final radius of the inner rib. The influence of the split top dies loading distance and the bottom die rotation angle of each pass on the inner radius of the inner rib was verified. And the optimal combination of dies shape parameters and loading paths which can make the metal flow orderly was obtained: the inclination angle is 140°, the thickness factor is 3.64, the transition arc radius is 16 mm; the top dies loading distance is 15 mm, the bottom die rotation angle is 45°. The FE simulation results have been found to be in close agreement with physics experiment. The research results reveal the metal flow law of rib growth in the RLRE of LCCWITHR, which lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent thorough research and process optimization.     

复合材料气瓶热防护材料隔热性能试验研究

以复合材料气瓶热防护材料的耐高温及隔热性能为研究对象，通过真空舱模拟上面级飞行段的真空环境，采用石英灯阵模拟热源，对两种热防护方案开展真空热试验，分析了不同材料（组合）、多层隔热组件不同单元的隔热性能及其差异产生的原因。结果表明两种防热方案都可使气瓶壁面温度满足不超过70 ℃的温度要求，其中“柔性隔热毡+中温多层”组合防热结构的耐温和隔热性能更优，并通过理论计算与试验值对比验证了热仿真计算中的不确定性，试验结果可为后续型号防热设计提供参考。     

Coupled evolution of piston asperity and cylinder bore contour of piston/cylinder pair in axial piston pump

The wear condition of the piston/cylinder pair is crucial to the performance and reliability of the axial piston pump. The hard piston surface, the soft cylinder bore surface, and the interface oil film affects each other during the wear process. Specifically, in the mixed lubrication region, the geometry of the hard piston surface asperity directly affects the wear of soft cylinder bore surface, while the asperities may deform or even degrade when penetrating and sliding against the cylinder bore. So far, there is no suitable method to simulate their coupled evolution. This paper proposed a wear process simulation model considering the real-time interaction between the elasto-plastic deformation of the piston surface asperity, the wear contour of the cylinder bore, and the lubrication condition of the interface. An offline library of the elasto-plastic constitutive behavior of the asperity based on the finite element method (FEM) is established as a part of the simulation model to precisely analyze the deformation and degradation of the asperity and quickly invoke them in the numerical wear process simulation. The simulation and experimental results show that the piston asperity and the cylinder bore contour converge to a steady state after running-in for about 0.5 h. The distribution of the simulated asperity degradation and wear depth is also verified by the experiment.