基于火焰图像诊断的模型燃烧室燃烧不稳定特性

提出了一种基于火焰图像诊断的旋流燃烧室燃烧不稳定特性研究方法。分析甲基滤镜下高速CCD （charge coupled device）拍摄的火焰面振荡图像,发现不稳定工况下的旋流火焰在以较高频率抖动的同时伴随着周期性的火焰脱落,其脱落信息可由火焰面轴向峰值位置体现。对CCD图像进行数字图像处理获得轮廓线,统计其边缘轴向最远处坐标作为火焰抖动峰值位置。基于图像分析确定火焰脱落阈值,获得不同工况下火焰脱落发生时的脉冲时序信号,统计得各工况火焰脱落频率。研究发现该频率分别与火焰抖动时序、CH^*时序及燃烧室压力脉动时序信号各自3阶本征模态函数的傅里叶谱主峰值接近。在多工况下研究了不稳定火焰脱离频率在时序信号中的存在方式和规律,发现对于本模型燃烧室,火焰脱落频率随着油气比的降低而升高,在油气比约0.0096处到达火焰脱落频率临界点,之后呈现缓慢下降趋势。     

非定常压力测量中信号失真的管传递函数修正方法

使用外置压力传感器测量非定常压力会造成非定常测量信号失真. 这是由连接外置传感器和测点之间的管道传压系统引成的. 阐述了一种修正这种非定常信号失真的方法.从而使得运用外置传感器测量非定常压力成为可能.这种技术使用已知的管传递函数在频域中修正非定常测量信号的失真. 同时修正失真信号振幅的变化和相位角的偏移.给出了这种修正技术的运用实例:在叶轮机颤振试验中测量叶片表面非定常压力和在非定常旋涡脱落试验中测量尾迹.     

基于可变减载率超速控制的双馈异步风机参与微电网调频研究

为了使双馈异步风机(DFIG)能够更好地参与微电网频率调节并减少有功控制成本,综合考虑风机向微电网输送有功功率和提供备用容量参与系统调频两方面因素,提出了变减载率超速控制法。计及风速出现概率,采用概率加权求和法,考虑减载成本、调频效益和调频恢复成本求解超速控制成本(COC),得到变减载率曲线。通过对一个含DFIG的微电网系统进行仿真分析,验证所提方法可有效改善微电网频率动态特性,减少风机有功控制成本,有利于微电网的稳定运行。     

压气机二维叶栅涡脱落的数值模拟

对某压气机二维叶栅的非定常分离流场进行了数值模拟,通过对多种工况的计算,进行了频谱分析,对叶栅非定常流动的流场结构和流动机理做了初步的探讨。在来流均匀,定常边界条件下,叶栅内流动仍然表现出强烈的非定常性;在大攻角下有类卡门涡的脱落;旋涡脱落的频率,随着攻角和马赫数的变化而变化;分离点的位置随着攻角和马赫数的变化而变化。     

三圆柱绕流的实验研究

通过风洞实验研究了在亚临界雷诺数下成等边三角形布置的三个相同直径的二维圆柱在不同风向角下的表面压力分布的变化。研究结果表明,在较小间距比时,随风向角的变化会产生由邻近、剪切层和尾流三种不同机理引起的相互干扰。在一定的风向角下,由于上游柱分离剪切层的直接作用,处于下游位置圆柱的内侧或外侧会出现大面积的负压分布,因而产生很大的横向力。这种在圆柱表面单侧形成的大面积负压分布与某种同期性的旋涡脱落或分离剪     

新Omega涡识别法在液体火箭发动机涡轮氧泵中的应用

离心泵中流动不稳定现象与流场中旋涡的形成及演化过程密切相关。为解决传统涡识别法在高速离心泵流场涡结构捕捉方面的缺陷,引入新Omega涡识别法,对液体火箭发动机涡轮氧泵流场中的涡结构进行了分析。确定了新Omega涡识别法在高速离心泵流场涡结构捕捉方面的优势,利用该方法对涡轮氧泵中离心轮与扩压器之间的动静干涉机理进行了阐释。结果表明:对于高速离心泵,传统Q准则以及λ2准则涡识别法错误地将壁面强剪切层识别为旋涡,而新Omega涡识别方法能够有效滤除流场中非旋转涡量部分,较好地捕捉流场中涡结构,可作为高速离心泵流场涡结构识别的首选方法。通过离心轮与扩压器动静干涉区域旋涡演化过程分析可知,涡轮氧泵离心轮与扩压器之间的动静干涉效应主要源自于扩压器叶片压力面上的周期性涡脱落现象。     

静止环形扩压叶栅激励下的耦合流动分析

针对某静止环形叶栅的激励实验工作,相应的对扩压叶栅进行了不同气流攻角和激励频率的非定常粘性计算与流场分析。计算中,结合实验结果分析了在不同气流攻角下,激励频率对损失系数、负荷系数、功损比等性能的影响。计算结果揭示了在激励流动下流场的时空结构的变化是流场性能得到提升的根本原因。      

冰脱落对电热除冰传热特性的影响研究

冰脱落对电热除冰传热特性的影响是电热除冰过程中的重要特征.采用有限体积法和混合网格技术,基于热焓方法将传统的相变传热模型应用到电热除冰计算中,研究了冰脱落对电热除冰传热特性的影响,主要研究了加热模式和加热单元间隔对除冰结构传热特性的影响.研究发现:无间隔除冰单元是有间隔除冰单元的特殊情况,其蒙皮表面温度历程在本质上是一致的.冰脱落后,无间隔除冰单元蒙皮表面温度开始剧烈上升然后逐渐缓慢上升.而对于有间隔除冰单元,随着间隔上加热功率的降低,温升过程逐渐缓和.单元间隔的加热功率降低到一定程度时,表面温度出现温降过程.当传递到蒙皮表面的热量和对流换热带走的热量差逐渐趋于稳定时,表面温度又开始逐渐稳定的上升.     

Influence of thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations

Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors (SRMs). Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) experimental motor, the influence of the thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations is numerically studied via the large eddy simulation (LES) method. The simulation results demonstrate that vortex shedding is a periodic process and its accurate frequency can be numerically obtained. Acoustic modes could be easily excited by vortex shedding. The vortex shedding frequency and second acoustic frequency dominate the pressure oscillation characteristics in the chamber. Thermal inhibitor position and gas temperature have little effect on vortex shedding frequency, but have great impact on pressure oscillation amplitude. Pressure amplitude is much higher when the thermal inhibitor locates at the acoustic velocity anti-nodes. The farther the thermal inhibitor is to the nozzle head, the more vortex energy would be dissipated by the turbulence. Therefore, the vortex shedding amplitude at the second acoustic velocity antinode near 3/4L (L is chamber length) is larger than those of others. Besides, the natural acoustic frequencies increase with the gas temperature. As the vortex shedding frequency departs from the natural acoustic frequency, the vortex-acoustic feedback loop is decoupled. Consequently, both the vortex shedding and acoustic amplitudes decrease rapidly.     

Numerical investigation of unsteady vortex breakdown past 80°/65° double-delta wing

An improved delayed detached eddy simulation （IDDES） method based on the k-x-SST （shear stress transport） turbulence model was applied to predict the unsteady vortex breakdown past an 80o/65o double-delta wing （DDW）, where the angles of attack （AOAs） range from 30° to 40°. Firstly, the IDDES model and the relative numerical methods were validated by simulating the massively separated flow around an NACA0021 straight wing at the AOA of 60°. The fluctuation properties of the lift and pressure coefficients were analyzed and compared with the available measurements. For the DDW case, the computations were compared with such mea-surements as the mean lift, drag, pitching moment, pressure coefficients and breakdown locations. Furthermore, the unsteady properties were investigated in detail, such as the frequencies of force and moments, pressure fluctuation on the upper surface, typical vortex breakdown patterns at three moments, and the distributions of kinetic turbulence energy at a stream wise section. Two dominated modes are observed, in which their Strouhal numbers are 1.0 at the AOAs of 30°, 32° and 34° and 0.7 at the AOAs of 36o, 38° and 40°. The breakdown vortex always moves upstream and downstream and its types change alternatively. Furthermore, the vortex can be identified as breakdown or not through the mean pressure, root mean square of pressure, or even through correlation analysis.