旋转抛物曲面测量中的测球半径补偿

利用激光跟踪仪进行曲面的三维测量时,需要进行反射球的半径补偿。本文针对某高精度旋转抛物曲面检测,分别利用点距法和等距面法进行了半径补偿。结果显示,两种办法均能有效地实现半径补偿,提高了检测精度。     

旋转光滑直通道湍流流动二维热线实验

采用二维热线测量了旋转光滑直通道内不同流向位置上的平均速度和雷诺应力。实验结果表明:较高的当地旋转参数使得旋转对平均速度的影响区域扩大并且导致了前缘面附近湍流流动的再层流化。后缘面附近无量纲主流平均速度型严格按照旋转数顺序依次排列,且在对数律区呈现对数律分布。与此同时,所有无量纲雷诺应力分量在后缘面附近基本不受旋转影响。再层流化导致了前缘面附近无量纲主流平均速度型无法在对数律区维持对数律分布,且所有雷诺应力分量都随着旋转数和流向位置半径增大不断衰减;经过u-v象限分析,再层流化现象的直接原因被归于湍流脉动生成减少。      

转子系统不平衡故障的再现方法浅析

针对转子系统不平衡特征再现设计问题,提出1种基于动力学相似关系的模型再现方法。根据转子系统的振动微分方程,通过积分模拟法和量纲分析法建立转子系统中转轴、转盘、弹性支承和不平衡量的相似关系。根据相似关系,设计了原型不平衡转子系统的动力学相似模型,利用有限元方法仿真验证了所得相似关系的正确性。试验采用最小二乘三点法识别原型与模型不平衡转子试验台的不平衡量,给出再现原型不平衡特征的过程,验证了不平衡特征再现设计方法的有效性。总结了基于动力学相似关系的转子系统不平衡特征再现设计方法。     

MEMS陀螺静态误差补偿方法研究

针对典型MEMS陀螺静态误差大、 影响工程上使用的难题,提出基于时间序列模型的Kalman滤波方法.通过对典型MEMS陀螺数据进行分析,提取其趋势项,进行周期检验与相关性分析,建立时间序列模型;针对建立的时间序列模型,提出利用Kalman滤波方法,消除零位不稳定性.仿真及试验结果表明,该解算方法能够有效补偿MEMS陀螺静态误差,显著提升其静态指标.     

飞机反区时的操纵策略特性及物理机理研究

针对飞机在低动压飞行(如着舰)时处于阻力曲线反区所采用的Frontside操纵和Backside操纵方式,分别从指令控制、风扰抑制、执行机构影响三种情况对两种操纵策略的性能进行了仿真比较,得出相关结论,并分析了其内在物理原因。研究结果表明,Backside操纵性能优于Frontside操纵,具有响应快、超调小、无初始负调、抗风鲁棒性强,以及俯仰角、迎角和升降舵变化小等特点,但同时速度和推力变化大,且执行机构相位滞后对Backside操纵性能影响较大。     

Progress of continuously rotating detonation engines

Continuously rotating detonation engine (CRDE) is a focus for concern in the field of aerospace propulsion. It has several advantages, including one-initiation, high thermal efficiency and simple structure. Due to these characteristics, it is expected to bring revolutionary advance-ments to aviation and aerospace propulsion systems and now has drawn much attention throughout the world. In this paper, an overview of the development of CRDE is given from several aspects:basic concepts, applications, experimental studies, numerical simulations, and so on. Representative results and outstanding contributions are summarized and the unresolved issues for further engi-neering applications of CRDE are provided.     

The evolution of mirror type magnetic fluctuations in the magnetosheath based on multipoint observations

Two orbits were selected in January–February 2006 when the separation between the Cluster spacecraft was large and mirror type magnetic field fluctuations were observed by all spacecraft in different regions of the terrestrial magnetosheath. Minimum variance analysis was applied to find the mirror type fluctuations, and the amplitude of the fluctuations was determined individually. Mirror mode structures are moving along the streamlines frozen in the plasma. A model was developed for the calculation of plasma flowtime from the bow shock to the observation point. The growth rate of the field strength perturbations was estimated by comparing the amplitudes of fluctuations observed simultaneously at distant locations (∼10,000 km) based on the assumption that δB ∼ exp(γt). The obtained growth rate values were about an order of magnitude smaller than those provided by linear models and they decreased in the inner regions of the magnetosheath, indicating some saturation in the growth of the waves when proceeding towards the magnetopause. The results of these two case studies suggest that mirror type fluctuations originate from the compression region downstream of the quasi-perpendicular bow shock, and the growth of the fluctuations cannot be described by linear approximations.     

激波聚焦诱导气液两相爆震燃烧的数值模拟

对以激波聚焦和增加障碍物方式诱导煤油-空气气液两相爆震燃烧的过程进行了数值模拟.采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法建立了脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)中气液两相流的喷射、雾化、掺混过程.研究发现环形爆震波在爆震管凹腔内经过反射、汇聚后能够引燃可燃混合物.而在障碍物处,激波的反射和再反射聚焦能够形成高温高压点(2700K,25MPa),产生局部爆炸,有助于形成稳定的脉冲爆震燃烧(波面速度为1900m/s,温度为2 950K),有效地缩短由缓燃向爆震转变(DDT)距离至0.45m.     

相对论性离子束（环束）流引起的电磁不稳定性

在相对论性框架下，研究了冷离子流产生的右旋共振模，非共振模电磁不稳定性的特征结果表明，非共振模不稳定性增长率受离子流初始参数影响较大，而右旋共振模的增长率则受离子流初始参数影响较小。此结果可应用于太阳高能离子流通过低日冕区和地球磁层辐射带俘获的高能质子情形。     

永磁同步电机无传感器转子位置观测器研究

永磁同步电机的运动是一个强耦合非线性动态过程,旋转高频电压注入下 的电机模型存在建模误差,数据采集存在测量噪声和系统噪声,采用传统的线性控制理 论难以达到要求。提出了以不依赖于准确数学模型的广义预测控制算法为基础的转子位 置观测器,可有效提高转子位置检测精度,增强抗干扰能力。仿真实验结果表明,在存 在建模误差和噪声的情况下,基于广义预测控制算法位置观测器的旋转高频注入法可准 确追踪转子位置。