工程意义上的高斯脉冲信号不失真采样分析

基于高斯脉冲信号的时频域特征,分析其采样条件。针对高斯脉冲信号这种非周期信号采样的特殊性,指出高斯脉冲信号采样还需满足峰值采样条件,并对不同采样点数下峰值误差能够达到最小值的概率进行建模。理论分析和仿真结果表明,按照所提出的采样条件进行采样,能够保证高斯脉冲信号采样的峰值误差最小,同时所提出的概率模型能够比较准确地估计出在不同采样点数下峰值误差能够达到最小值的概率。     

某航天器输氢管道系统结构完整性评估

为保障某航天器在服役年限内不发生事故,针对航天器上采用插入焊接技术的精密管道系统进行结构完整性评估。在考虑到系统存在整圈的环形未焊透缺陷基础上,结合工程实践,假设在焊接区域存在更危险的平面缺陷。首先,开展高压气相热充氢试验下的标准拉伸和三点弯试验得到管道系统材料"J-75"在临氢环境下应力应变曲线和断裂韧性。其次,采用有限元程序计算系统在内压、惯性载荷与离面位移作用下的应力分布,考虑到间隙配合中的不确定性,改变模型中的最大间隙多次模拟计算,发现最大应力位置基本不变,以此区域作为假想缺陷的具体萌生区域。最后,采用失效评估图（FAD）方法对存在4种缺陷模式的系统分别进行结构完整性评估。通过引入安全裕度的概念,发现系统在含有初始尺寸（0.15 mm）的4种平面缺陷时,均处于安全状态,并且安全裕度都在2倍以上;通过工程临界分析（ECA）发现随着缺陷尺寸的增大,系统中含有缺陷2（位于管道焊接区域最大应力处的轴对称平面且沿焊深方向扩展的缺陷）时最为危险,且当缺陷深度超过0.61 mm时将断裂失效;考虑到测试数据的弥散性,针对系统最危险的模式,以安全裕度为可靠性指标,将失效评估图方法与可靠性评价相结合,得到系统在含有尺寸为0.15 mm的缺陷2情况下保有足够安全裕度的可靠性下限值超过0.999 5。     

基于中性层偏移的Z型材滚弯成形回弹预测

以提高大截面Z型材四轴滚弯成形精度为目的,通过综合考虑材料属性、几何特征和成形半径等因素对回弹的影响,建立了引入中性层偏移的大截面Z型材弯曲回弹解析模型,研究了7075-O和7475-O铝合金Z型材在不同滚弯成形半径下的回弹规律,并进行滚弯成形实验验证。结果表明,与忽略中性层偏移影响的型材回弹预测经验模型相比,基于中性层偏移的回弹预测模型能够准确预测大截面Z型材的回弹量,在相同的曲率半径下,预测回弹变形的最大相对误差从11.681%减小到3.347%。     

带止口法兰连接结构刚度特性对结构振动影响

对带有止口的法兰连接结构刚度特性进行了数值仿真研究。使用有限元软件ANSYS分析了带有止口的法兰连接结构的迟滞特性。通过对止口接触面的变形-滑移机理分析,使用一个詹金斯单元和一个弹簧单元并联模拟法兰的一个扇区,并基于法兰弯曲变形时每个扇区的不同状态建立了整个法兰结构的弯曲刚度简化模型,并对该简化模型进行了仿真,该简化模型能够较准确地模拟带止口法兰连接结构的刚度特性。基于简化模型和梁单元建立了简化转子结构模型,分析了带有止口的法兰连接结构对转子稳态动力学响应的影响。结果表明带有止口的法兰连接结构的迟滞特性能够影响峰值频率,随着止口过盈量的增加,响应峰值显著降低,具有较好的振动抑制效果。      

一种基于Deep-GBM的航空发动机中介轴承故障诊断方法

针对航空发动机中介轴承故障信号难于识别的特点,提出了一种深度梯度提升模型（Deep-GBM）对振动信号特征进行逐层学习以提高分类模型的准确率。开展某型航空发动机中介轴承故障模拟实验,并采用经验模式分解(EMD)方法对采集的振动信号进行分解,提取内蕴模式函数(IMF)分量非线性动力学参数样本熵作为原始故障特征。采用Deep-GBM对中介轴承内环故障、内环和滚动体综合故障、正常、滚棒剥落、滚棒划伤五种不同状态进行识别。实验结果表明,所提出的Deep-GBM故障诊断准确率达到87%,相对于传统的机器学习模型准确率最高提升了28%,并具有良好的泛化能力。      

移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机数学模型的研究

分别在abc坐标系和dq0坐标系下建立了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机的基本数学方程,推导了电机电压、磁链、输出功率、电磁转矩和转子运动方程。在MATLAB/Simulink中建立了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机的仿真模型。对两路输出进行了不平衡负载仿真和试验。仿真与试验结果相比基本一致,验证了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机数学模型的正确性。这为双十二相同步整流发电机运行性能和励磁控制系统的研究奠定了基础。     

模型预测控制在永磁同步电机系统中的应用发展综述

随着数字技术的发展,模型预测控制(MPC)已经广泛应用于交流传动系统。首先介绍了经典MPC策略——有限控制集MPC和连续控制集MPC的原理。其次综述了多步预测控制、多矢量预测控制、具有参数鲁棒性的预测控制、广义模型预测、显式模型预测这些常见的改进MPC的研究现状,并提出相关研究思路。最后,根据MPC的应用需求和研究现状,展望了未来需要进一步深入和拓展的研究方向。     

无刷双馈电机静止坐标系数学模型的研究

由于没有电刷和滑环,提高了运行的可靠性,降低了维护成本,因此无刷双馈电机(BDFM)在变速恒频发电领域有着广阔的应用前景。由于特殊的结构和工作原理,BDFM数学模型十分复杂。从BDFM多回路空间矢量数学模型出发,推导出了两个静止坐标系之间的坐标变换关系以及功率绕组静止坐标系数学模型和控制绕组静止坐标系数学模型,推导过程简洁明了。所得结果为BDFM理论分析和不同控制策略的研究提供了理论基础。MATLAB/Simulink环境下的仿真结果验证了数学模型及坐标变换关系的正确性。     

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

HB-2 high-velocity correlation model at high angles of attack in supersonic wind tunnel tests

Responding to a need for experimental data on a standard wind tunnel model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, and in the absence of suitable reference data, a series of tests of two HB-2 standard models of different sizes was performed in the T-38 trisonic wind tunnel of Vojnotehnickˇi Institut(VTI), in the Mach number range 1.5–4.0, at angles of attack up to+30°. Tests were performed at relatively high Reynolds numbers of 2.2 millions to 4.5 millions(based on model forebody diameter). Results were compared with available low angle of attack data from other facilities, and, as a good agreement was found, it was assumed that, by implication, the obtained high angle of attack results were valid as well. Therefore, the results can be used as a reference database for the HB-2 model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, which was not available before. The results are presented in comparison with available reference data, but also contain data for some Mach numbers not given in other publications.