空间辐射散热器含液滴介质的辐射特性和辐射传热

本文从米氏电磁散射理论出发，计算了含液滴介质的辐射特性。考察了中向同性散射能量传递份额的再分配，导出了吸收、发射、各几同性散射介质的辐射传递系数。计算了空间辐射散热器液滴层瞬态辐射换热，经与文献［４，５］的比较表明，本文所导出的辐射传递系数计算方法正确，精度高。用计算机辅助实验，分析液滴发生器产生粒子的大小、粒径分布对瞬态辐射换热的影响，可减少空间辐射散热器设计过程中的实验次数。     

有限空间轴对称射流流场的数值模拟

本文在к－ε紊流模型下，采用罚有限元法对有限空间轴对称射流流场进行数值模拟。引用罚函数优化迎风格式和退化积分，建立有限元解法的数值矩阵，在不同截面上求得工，压力和紊流参数分布，计算结果与实验数据十分接近。本文研究结果可应用于火箭发动机的喷射设计和射流量论的研究。     

跨大气层和空间区域飞行器的液体推进剂管理

根据大气层飞行环境与机动飞行特点,以及空间飞行环境与液体推进剂特点,分析了跨大气层和空间区域飞行器的保证重力场和失重状态下均无夹气液体输送、控制液体推进剂质心位移、剩余推进剂空间排放和重复使用等液体推进剂管理技术要求。阐述了相应的关键技术,如包括无夹气输送、液体质心位移控制、失重状态下的流体动力、参数确定和结构设计等管理模式确定,以及包括模型参数确定、模型、状态模拟和验证等的管理模式试验。     

A Geosynchronous Orbit Search Strategy

Since more than 10 years there is evidence that small-size space debris is accumulating in the geosynchronous orbit (GEO), probably as the result of breakups. Two break-ups have been reported in GEO. The 1978 break-up of an EKRAN 2 satellite, SSN 10365, was identified in 1992, and in 1992 a Titan 3C Transtage, SSN 3432, break-up produced at least twenty observable pieces. Subsequently several nations performed optical surveys of the GEO region in the form of independent observation campaigns. Such surveys suffer from the fact that the field of view of optical telescopes is small compared with the total area covered by the GEO ring. As a consequence only a small volume of the orbital element-magnitude-space is covered by each individual survey. Results from these surveys are thus affected by observational biases and therefore difficult to compare. This paper describes the development of a common search strategy to overcome these limitations. The strategy optimizes the sampling for objects in orbits similar to the orbits of the known GEO population but does not exclude the detection of objects with other orbital planes. A properly designed common search strategy clearly eases the comparison of results from different groups and the extrapolation from the sparse (biased) samples to the entire GEO environment.     

Tether Satellite System Collision Study

A study was performed to determine the probability of collision with resident space objects and untrackable debris for the tether component of the Tethered Satellite System (TSS) after it broke away from the Space Shuttle orbiter (mission STS-75) in February 1996. Both an analytical and a numerical approach were used in this study, and the results obtained with these two methods were found to be in good agreement. These results show that the deployed tether is expected to have been impacted by several particles 0.1mm or larger in size. The probability of collision with objects 10cm in size or larger was on the order of 10^–3 per month. Since the severed tether reentered within one month after deployment, the collision hazard to other objects while in orbit was small. The analytical methods used in this study are useful for tether collision evaluations in general.     

一种新的四路激光跟踪坐标测量系统的基点标定方法

在激光跟踪三维坐标测量系统中,系统首先要经过标定,才可以进行实际测量。因此系统标定的准确度会直接影响系统最终测量准确度。为了提高标定准确度,提出一种新的标定方法,即利用直线法原理,在优化布局下,采用两路激光干涉仪测量出基点的三维坐标。仿真结果表明目标点相对于基点呈对称分布时,测得的基点坐标准确度比非对称分布时高6到7倍,并通过实验得出了在该优化布局下的基点坐标。     

形状误差分离技术的统一理论——同源、统一的各种直线形状误差分离方法评述

在对国内外现行直线形状误差分离技术分析研究的基础上,论述了各种分离方法的特点和相互关系,从原理、测量准确度和工程应用方面着眼,评述了直线形状误差测量与分离的各种主流方法--"频域三点法"、"时域递推三点法"、"二点法"、"混合两点法"、"时域乱序四点法"、"精密三点法"和"最小二乘逐次多点法"等.指出了各种方法的同源性和统一性,评述了它们的应用条件及优缺点,同时讨论了随机误差和传感器调零误差的影响及消除方法.     

民用飞机机翼副油箱静载荷计算

以亚音速、大展弦比的大中型民用飞机机翼挂装副油箱为研究对象,分析CCAR-25部中载荷计算的相关适航条款内容,考虑外挂物自身运动及机翼结构弹性变形对副油箱气动载荷的影响,给出了副油箱静载荷计算的过载—速度包线,高度—速度包线、载荷计算情况等,在工程应用成熟的《运输类飞机载荷计算程序包》基础上,采用亚音速稳态定常流升力线理论与风洞试验相结合的方法,将机翼简化为悬臂梁进行气动弹性修正,开展副油箱气动力弹性修正计算、惯性力计算、副油箱质量实时更新、包线筛选等功能模块的研究,通过工程应用其计算精度满足要求,形成了满足适航条款的副油箱静载荷计算方法,规范了副油箱静载荷的计算流程,拓展了《运输类飞机载荷计算程序包》的功能。     

Phase Space Density Analysis of Energy Transport in the Earth’s Magnetotail

Two energetic events in the Earth’s magnetotail detected by Geotail are examined with detailed analysis of three-dimensional velocity phase space density. It is found that the occurrence of multiple ion components is high during these dynamic episodes. Different populations evolve independently of each other, suggesting particles from multiple activity sites contributing to the observed phase space density. The transport properties with consideration of multiple components are evaluated, with the result showing significant differences from those based on a single fluid approach. This comparison indicates that precise evaluation of the energy and magnetic flux transport of energetic events in the magnetotail requires resolving individual populations in the phase space density.     

复合材料叠层结构剖面翘曲修正理论

 首先假设复合材料叠层结构的面内位移沿厚度方向为直线分布,然后根据剪切变形进行连续修正,获得逐步升高的各阶翘曲位移分布函数。文中以叠层梁为例,应用最小势能原理导出其静力方程和力的边界条件。在长度方向则采用升阶谱位移函数,进行了数值计算。所得叠层梁的位移和应力分布的数值结果与精确解相比,表明本文方法有很好的收敛性。