MIMO雷达DOD和DOA联合估计算法: RTR-ESPRIT

 针对双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达多目标波离角(DOD)和波达角(DOA)的联合估计问题,提出一种接收-发射-接收(RTR)-ESPRIT算法。该算法首先利用一维接收ESPRIT(R-ESPRIT)预估计目标DOA,随后分别利用一维发射ESPRIT(T-ESPRIT)和一维接收ESPRIT得到目标的高精度DOD和DOA估计,在每两次ESPRIT算法之间分别构造正交投影算子对接收信号进行接收波束形成和发射波束形成。与传统ESPRIT算法相比,该算法大大降低了数据协方差矩阵维数和计算复杂度,无需额外的配对算法,且理论证明了该方法还可以用于相干目标和单快拍情况下DOD和DOA的联合估计。仿真结果表明了该算法的正确性及良好的估计性能。     

雷达检测性能试验等效推算方法

 雷达检测性能是雷达最基本、最重要的性能,雷达检测性能试验是雷达试验的重要内容。由于各种原因,针对雷达的系统级原型试验常常难以开展或者只能极少量地开展,通常只能通过进行大量等效试验来辅助雷达性能的鉴定评估工作。本文针对缺乏原型试验条件下的雷达检测性能评估问题,提出了一种基于试验数据分析的雷达检测性能等效推算方法。首先给出了等效试验与原型试验之间的差异性度量方法,它是等效推算和性能评估的基础;接着对存在原型试验条件下的等效推算方法进行了研究;而后针对通常无法进行原型试验的实际情况,提出了一种基于预测模型和仿真试验相结合的零子样原型试验条件下的等效推算方法;最后通过仿真实例验证了本文方法的合理性和可行性。     

基于调频连续波信号的双基地ISAR成像研究

在将调频连续波(FMCW)信号应用于双基地ISAR的成像过程中,针对应用FMCW信号在回波信号中产生距离快时间和方位慢时间耦合项的问题,提出了应用离散多项式相位变换的方法进行组合参量估计,通过估计出的组合参量构造补偿函数对回波信号进行相位补偿,消除了一次耦合项产生的固定频偏和二次耦合项引起的主瓣展宽,对补偿后的回波信号应用距离多普勒算法可获得清晰的目标二维像,通过仿真表明：所述的补偿算法能有效改善应用FMCW信号而产生的目标像散焦现象,获得聚焦良好的点目标像。     

基于最佳检测的雷达发射-接收极化联合优化方法

基于最佳检测准则,提出了一种新的雷达发射-接收极化联合优化方法。首先,建立了全极化雷达目标回波模型,设计了基于纽曼-皮尔逊(Neyman-Pearson)准则的雷达目标全极化检测算法,推导分析了检测性能;其次,提出了雷达发射-接收极化的联合优化方法,提高了雷达目标的检测性能;最后,仿真试验结果表明,本算法能够显著提高雷达目标的检测性能。     

分布式InSAR基线转换及其误差分析

建立了分布式干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）卫星的基线模型,给出了部位修正、全球卫星定位系统（GPS）授时、插值和配准等主要误差源与基线误差的关系,在Matlab软件中仿真分析了各误差源对基线及测高精度的影响。结果表明：GPS测量误差对测高精度的影响严重;合成孔径雷达（SAR）及GPS天线相位中心相对安装点的误差对测高精度的影响较大;安装及热变形误差对测高精度的影响较小;姿态测量误差、配准误差,以及GPS授时误差对测高精度的影响可忽略。     

对单脉冲雷达的遮盖性干扰效果评估

振幅和差法是单脉冲雷达常见的测角定向体制。在分析振幅和差式单脉冲雷达工作原理及遮盖性干扰原理的基础上,建立了基于振幅和差式单脉冲雷达的遮盖性干扰评估模型,并对建立的干扰模型进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果表明:在造成足够大的角度跟踪误差时,遮盖性干扰对振幅和差式单脉冲雷达具有较好的干扰效果。     

直升机雷达天线非定常气动特性数值模拟

基于Realizable κ-ε湍流模型对直升机飞行过程中雷达天线的非定常气动特性进行了CFD数值模拟分析,并对全尺寸和缩比雷达天线进行了不同雷诺数下的绕流计算,得到了雷达天线的非定常流场分布和气动载荷,通过处理得到了雷达天线脱落涡的频率和对应的斯脱拉哈数St.计算结果与风洞试验结果进行了比较分析,给出了基本分析结论.     

Spiral eddies in the Baltic,Black and Caspian seas as seen by satellite radar data

Despite spiral eddies were first seen on the sea surface more than 40 years ago, there is still a lot of uncertainty concerning these eddies. The present paper is aimed to provide the comprehensive results on the occurrence and statistics of small-scale eddies in the three inner seas (the Baltic, Black and Caspian) using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The dataset used includes over 2000 medium resolution Envisat ASAR and ERS-2 SAR images obtained in 2009–2010 in the different parts of the seas mentioned. As a result of the analysis performed ∼14,000 vortical structures were detected. 71% of them were visualized due to surfactant films (“black” eddies), while 29% due to wave/current interactions (“white” eddies). Practically all the eddies detected were cyclonically rotating. Their diameter was within 1–20 km. Characteristic size of the “black” eddies in all the basins was discovered to be less than that of the “white” eddies. Characteristic eddy size for the Baltic, Black and Caspian seas proved to be strictly proportional to the values of the baroclinic Rossby radius of deformation typical for these basins. The “black” eddies did not demonstrate a significant connection with the basin- and meso-scale surface circulation of the seas. Most of the “white” eddies detected were attributed to the zones with the most intense drift currents, i.e. those along the western boundaries and (in the Baltic Sea only) in the elongated parts of the basin.     

A novel data association scheme for LEO space debris surveillance based on a double fence radar system

The increasing amount of space debris threatens to seriously deteriorate and damage space-based instruments in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) environments. Therefore, LEO space debris surveillance systems must be developed to provide situational awareness in space and issue warnings of collisions with LEO space debris. In this paper, a double fence radar system is proposed as an emerging paradigm for LEO space debris surveillance. This system exhibits several unique and promising characteristics compared with existing surveillance systems. In this paper, we also investigate the data association scheme for LEO space debris surveillance based on a double fence radar system. We also perform a theoretical analysis of the performance of our proposed scheme. The superiority and the effectiveness of our novel data association scheme is demonstrated by experimental results. The data used in our experiments is the LEO space debris catalog produced by the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) up to 2009, especially for scenarios with high densities of LEO space debris, which were primarily produced by the collisions between Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251. We hope that our work will stimulate and benefit future work on LEO space debris surveillance approaches and enable construction of the double fence radar system.     

利用一次雷达实现低空空域的安全监视

介绍了一种低成本的低空空域雷达监视实验系统,并提出了一种基于雷达平面位置指示(PPI,Plane Position Indicator)图像的目标检测与跟踪算法,其中杂波抑制和目标状态估计是两项关键技术.经过背景差分的雷达PPI图像,仍然含有大量的背景边缘杂波,该算法利用其空域特性进行杂波抑制,并采用交互式多模型(IMM,Interactive Multiple Models)方法对目标的匀速、加速、减速、转弯等机动运动进行跟踪.详细分析了仿真数据的跟踪效果,并将整套算法应用于两组实测PPI图像,实验结果说明其有效性.