高超声速巡航飞行器机身多目标优化设计

类乘波体构型是高超声速巡航飞行器的重要气动布局之一.对这类构型的机体进行多目标优化设计能极大地提高飞行器的总体性能.本文采用多目标混合遗传算法,通过两种优化策略,实现了类乘波体高超声速巡航飞行器机身的总体性能多目标优化设计,考虑的性能指标包括机身气动升阻特性、推阻特性、配平特性、雷达隐身特性、机身容积以及驻点温度等等.优化设计得到了Pareto最优前沿面,获得了比基本构型飞行器总体性能更优的构型方案.通过对优化结果的分析,指出机体/推进一体化设计的不足和进行总体性能多目标优化设计的必要性,给出一个最优布局构型,并进行了气动力风洞实验,验证了最优布局的气动特性.     

SAR图像中动目标自聚焦检测的方法改进

构造了各聚焦图像块的对比图像块,对比图像块内的静止背景与聚焦图像块内的静止背景图像保持同步变化,它们的锐度始终相等,而对比图像块内的动目标与聚焦图像块内的动目标图像有很大差异,以聚焦图像块与对比图像块锐度比检测动目标,可排除静止背景锐度下降的影响,提高检测性能。实测数据表明该算法有效。     

空管雷达保障系统运行性能的模糊综合评判

根据空中交通管制中心雷达系统运行特点,分析了PSR和SSR的检测性能和质量性能、数据联合性能、延迟性以及有效性等雷达运行性能的关键指标,在建立了合理的因素集、评价集、权重集以及根据构建的隶属度函数确定的单因素评价矩阵的基础上,利用模糊数学层次分析法,首次提出并完成了空管雷达保障系统运行性能的模糊综合评判。最后结合民航空中交通管制具体情况给出算例分析,结果表明,该模糊综合评判方法简单、可行,对国内民航实施雷达管制、改进雷达管制效能有重要的参考价值。     

星载脉冲压缩降雨雷达的海面杂波分析

对于星载降雨雷达而言,降雨区域几乎贴在地球表面,地面特别是海面的后向散射回波要比雨水回波强得多.严重的海面杂波会通过天线波束以及脉冲压缩带来的距高旁瓣污染雨水回波.针对脉冲压缩雷达,首次综合分析了海面杂波通过天线主瓣、旁瓣和距离主瓣、旁辩对星载雷达降雨测量的干扰模型,推导出了考虑距离加权函数影响的雨水回波和地表杂波计算公式,模拟并计算了一台Ka波段星栽脉冲压缩降雨雷达所受的杂波干扰.分析结果表明,星载脉冲压缩降雨雷迭所受的杂波干扰比之前的研究结论更加严重,这也对天线旁瓣、压缩脉冲距离旁辩等雷达指标提出了更高的要求.     

SAR图像小波域多尺度模型

针对面向ATR应用的SAR图像压缩需要将图像压缩与图像自动分析相结合,本文研究小波域SAR图像MAR模型并应用于图像鉴别.与SAR复图像分辨单元相干平均形成多尺度图像序列建立多尺度模型不同,本文对SAR对数检测图像小波变换形成多尺度图像序列建立MAR模型.通过实例辨识了SAR图像中自然杂波(草地)与人造物(战略目标)模型,应用该模型推导了小波域多分辨率判别,对MSTAR图像鉴别实验验证了模型的有效性.其中db2小波域多分辨率判别鉴别性能好而计算复杂度低.小波域多分辨率判别可用在图像压缩有损量化前鉴别出人造物与自然杂波.     

CFRP二面角电磁散射特性分析

用时域有限差分(Finite difference-time domain,FD-TD)法分析计算了由碳纤维复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced polymer,CFRP)单向板组成的二面角的电磁反射特性.计算结果表明,碳纤维二面角的雷达散射截面(Radar cross section,RCS)对纤维方向和极化方向敏感.当两块板的纤维方向垂直时,对极化方向敏感度降低.     

大尺寸空间测量方法的实施及应用

对飞机大部件对接过程中应用的3类测量设备进行详述,比较各自的优缺点、精度和应用等。以大客研制过程中的大尺寸模拟件对接为例,阐述大部件自动对接测量方案是如何实施的,最后探讨在飞机大部件对接过程中测量方法和设备的选用,给出一些参考方案及建议以满足实际应用需求。     

雷达抗同频干扰方法研究

介绍了雷达同频干扰的表征与危害,简单探讨了几种通用的抗干扰措施,分析了雷达抗同频异步干扰的技术方法,探讨了雷达抗同频同步干扰的技术方法和解决思路。     

Magnetospheric electric field variations caused by storm-time shock fronts

On January 20, 2005 there was an X 7.1 solar flare at 0636 UT with an accompanied halo coronal mass ejection (CME). The resultant interplanetary shock impacted earth ∼36 h later. Near earth, the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft observed two impulses with a staircase structure in density and pressure. The estimated earth-arrival times of these impulses were 1713 UT and 1845 UT on January 21, 2005. Three MINIature Spectrometer (MINIS) balloons were aloft on January 21st; one in the northern polar stratosphere and two in the southern polar stratosphere. MeV relativistic electron precipitation (REP) observed by all three balloons is coincident (<3 min) with the impulse arrivals and magnetospheric compression observed by both GOES 10 and 12. Balloon electric field data from the southern hemisphere show no signs of the impulse electric field directly reaching the ionosphere. Enhancement of the balloon-observed convection electric field by as much as 40 mV/m in less than 20 min during this time period is consistent with typical substorm growth. Precipitation-induced ionospheric conductivity enhancements are suggested to be (a) the result of both shock arrival and substorm activity and (b) the cause of rapid (<6 min) decreases in the observed electric field (by as much as 40 mV/m). There is poor agreement between peak cross polar cap potential in the northern hemisphere calculated from Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) echoes and horizontal electric field at the MINIS balloon locations in the southern hemisphere. Possible reasons for this poor agreement include (a) a true lack of north–south conjugacy between measurement sites, (b) an invalid comparison between global (SuperDARN radar) and local (MINIS balloon) measurements and/or (c) radar absorption resulting from precipitation-induced D-region ionosphere density enhancements.