Bioinspired polarized light compass in moonlit sky for heading determination based on probability density estimation

Bioinspired polarized skylight navigation, which can be used in unfamiliar territories, is an important alternative autonomous navigation technique in the absence of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS). However, the polarization pattern in night environment with noise effects and model uncertainties is a less explored area. Although several decades have passed since the first publication about the polarization of the moonlit night sky, the usefulness of nocturnal polarization navigation is ...     

双波束天线阵时空调制OFDM通信测向方法

为解决利用通信信号的测向和通信定位综合设计问题,提出了一种载有方向信息的OFDM时空调制技术。该技术采用两副同中心但方向图有偏差的特殊天线阵列发射,使单天线接收机接收的信号是OFDM特性,每个OFDM子载波调制信号载有空间方位信息和数字通信信息,接收机通过解调信号即可通信测向。文中详细介绍了非正交四相和非均匀八相子载波时空调制信号设计思想,阐述了子载波间伪随机码空间调制编码方法,给出了数据信息调解和方位角估计算法。计算机仿真结果表明:在高斯信道下系统的误码性能与普通PSK-OFDM一样,实现了在调制信号设计层面上的数字通信与测向的深度综合。     

OFDM多载波系统中的自适应技术研究

本文在已有的多载波传输系统的基础上设计了一个改进的多载波系统模型,将信道编码技术,OFDM技术以及自适应传输技术相结合,使多载波系统的性能进一步的得到改善。同时本文还给出了一种在原有的传输算法的基础上归纳出的一个改进的传输算法-动态分块加载算法。     

氧化镍电致变色薄膜及其器件的制备与性能研究

以氧化铟锡(ITO)玻璃为基底,采用直流反应磁控溅射法在室温环境下制备了高透过率调制的NiO_x薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子电镜(SEM)、紫外可见分光光度计(UV 3600)对薄膜进行分析和表征,研究溅射过程中氩氧比、气压、功率对薄膜结构、形貌及电致变色性能的影响。结果表明：制备的NiO_x薄膜表面有明显的结晶颗粒及孔隙,并沿(200)晶面择优生长;随着气压、功率、氧分压的增大,透过率调制先增大后减小,在时间为45 min、溅射气压4.9 Pa、氩氧比113∶7、功率215 W时最高可达58.3%,着褪色响应时间分别为9和19s,相应的着褪色效率分别为77.56和40.39 cm²/C;以最优工艺的NiO_x薄膜组装了结构为Glass/ITO/NiO_x/Li-electrolyte/WO₃/ITO/Glass的电致变色器件,器件在550 nm处的光调制幅度为46.5%,着褪色时间分别为27和45 s,相应的着褪色速率为1.5和0.9%/s,在循环...     

双轴旋转式激光捷联惯导系统的转位方案研究

惯性导航系统的误差随时间累积,旋转调制技术可以有效地提高惯导系统的长航时精度,旋转调制方案是决定旋转式捷联惯导系统导航精度的一个重要因素.针对双轴旋转惯导系统,相较于16次序转位方案,提出了一种新的32次序双轴旋转调制方案.根据捷联惯导系统的误差方程,推导出旋转捷联惯导的误差方程,分析了误差补偿的机理,研究了惯性器件常值偏置误差、标度因数误差和安装角误差的传播特性.仿真结果表明,32次序双轴旋转调制方案相对于16次序转位方案有明显的优势,可以有效地降低姿态角误差和经纬度误差.     

差分技术在双星快速定位通信系统中的应用

卫星定位通信系统是具有10米以内高精度的第二代卫星导航定位系统。达到高精度的关键是应用了伪随机码扩谱及差分定位技术。诸如星历误差、电离层时延变化和地球模型不准等误差,通过应用差分技术可以大部分消除。本文阐述了差分技术的应用和系统精度分析。     

基于极化时频分布的改进DOA估计算法

针对雷达回波信号波达方向估计精度差和时频分析方法运算量大的问题,以极化敏感阵列为模型,结合时频分析方法,充分利用回波信号的空域、时频域和极化域信息,对雷达回波信号进行更准确的估计,并简化其计算量。分析基于空间极化时频分布的多重信号分类(MUSIC)和旋转不变子空间(ESPRIT)算法,并结合两者的优缺点提出了一种改进算法。改进算法用极化时频ESPRIT算法对来波信号确定大致的方位角,以每个方位角为中心确定一个小角度范围,在此范围内用MUSIC算法进行谱峰搜索,得到较准确的波达方向(DOA)估计值,在确保DOA估计精度的基础上节省大部分运算时间。仿真试验验证了该改进算法的有效性。     

Is the North Atlantic Oscillation modulated by solar and lunar cycles? Some evidences from Hurst autocorrelation analysis

Several studies have suggested that the Sun and Moon cycles affect the Earth climatic dynamics. Nevertheless, there is a long-standing controversy whether solar variability and tides can significantly generate climate change, and how this may occur. Spectral analysis of climatic indices has provided only indirect evidences of the effects of solar–tidal periodicities in the Earth climate. This work addresses the issue by considering the dynamics of the daily North Atlantic Oscillation index over the period from 1950 to 2009. In contrast to previous studies, this work proposes that external cycles can be detected in the autocorrelation dynamics rather than in the raw North Atlantic Oscillation index series. Here, the R/S-scaling analysis is used to quantify, via the so-called Hurst exponent, the presence of autocorrelations along the studied years. Fourier analysis scan of the autocorrelation series thus show two prominent spectral components near (±3%) the lunar tidal 4.425 and the solar 11 years cycles. Intermediate spectral components near 6.4, 7.75 and 8.9 years are proposed to be, at least partially, a result of energy capture from internal mechanisms into cycles resulting from the nonlinear resonance of the fundamental solar–tidal cycles. The dominant effect of the solar variability is clarified by showing that in about 70% of the studied period the sunspot number and the Hurst exponent phases are synchronized, indicating that a higher solar activity enhances the North Atlantic Oscillation index predictability.     

Radial and latitudinal gradients of galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere at solar maximum

Our understanding of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) modulation has advanced greatly in the last three decades. However, we still need an appropriate knowledge of the GCR intensity gradient. Numerical simulations of the transport particle equation allow interpretation of cosmic ray intensities in the heliosphere. We use the numerical solution of the GCR transport equation during solar maximum epoch to compute the radial and latitudinal gradients. Our analysis indicates that adiabatic energy loss plays an important role in the radial distribution of GCR in the inner heliosphere, while in the outer region the diffusion and convection are the relevant processes. The latitudinal gradient is small.