等离子体激励抑制翼型失速分离的实验研究

进行了低速、低雷诺数条件下等离子体激励抑制NACA0015翼型失速分离的实验研究,研究了等离子体激励电压、激励电极数目和激励位置对流动分离抑制效果的影响.在翼型吸力面敷设不对称电极布局的等离子体激励器.在来流速度为4.27m/s,雷诺数为4.96×104的情况下,未施加等离子体激励时,从攻角为9°起翼型吸力面发生显著的前缘流动分离;施加等离子体激励后,流动分离在攻角小于26°的情况下均能很好地重附到翼型吸力面表面.实验表明,流动分离越严重,对等离子体激励的强度要求也越高,等离子体激励的电压和电极组数也必须相应增大;给定的流动分离状态下,等离子体激励的电压和电极组数存在一个阈值;等离子体激励的最佳位置在流动分离起始点的前缘;雷诺数增大后,流动分离更难抑制.     

脉冲等离子体气动激励抑制翼型吸力面流动分离的实验

 为了提高等离子体气动激励控制附面层的能力,进行了脉冲等离子体气动激励抑制NACA 0015翼型失速分离的实验,研究了等离子体气动激励电压、位置、占空比和脉冲频率等对流动分离抑制效果的影响。在来流速度为72 m/s时,等离子体气动激励可以有效地抑制翼型吸力面的流动分离,翼型的升力增大约35%,翼型的临界失速迎角由18°增大到21°。实验结果表明：分离越严重,来流速度越大,有效抑制翼型失速分离的阈值电压越大;等离子体气动激励的最佳位置在流动分离起始点的前缘;调节占空比,可以在控制效果相当的情况下,降低等离子体气动激励所消耗的功率;当脉冲频率使斯特劳哈尔数等于1时,控制效果最佳。     

ROMAP: Rosetta Magnetometer and Plasma Monitor

The scientific objectives, design and capabilities of the Rosetta Lander’s ROMAP instrument are presented. ROMAP’s main scientific goals are longterm magnetic field and plasma measurements of the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in order to study cometary activity as a function of heliocentric distance, and measurements during the Lander’s descent to investigate the structure of the comet’s remanent magnetisation. The ROMAP fluxgate magnetometer, electrostatic analyser and Faraday cup measure the magnetic field from 0 to 32 Hz, ions of up to 8000 keV and electrons of up to 4200 keV. Additional two types of pressure sensors – Penning and Minipirani – cover a pressure range from 10⁻⁸ to 10¹ mbar. ROMAP’s sensors and electronics are highly integrated, as required by a combined field/plasma instrument with less than 1 W power consumption and 1 kg mass.     

激光干涉法测量微冲量数据处理方法

采用激光干涉法测量微冲量是一种新的微冲量测量方法。为了有效地测量10-4~10-8N.s量级的微小冲量,对力的加载过程进行定量的描述,在激光等离子体微推进器(μLPT)研究过程中采用该方法作为测试手段。介绍了测量系统的组成及测量方法,进行典型实验并提供了实验测量结果,重点讨论了测量系统的数据处理方法,对处理过程中存在的问题及数据处理方法的局限性进行了分析。研究工作对于激光干涉法应用于μN.s量级微冲量测量具有一定的参考价值。     

利用等离子控制凸包流动分离的数值模拟

基于等离子发生器简化模型求解电势方程,得到电场及等离子分布,并将电场对等离子的作用力耦合到流动方程中.结果表明,电场力在电极交接处附近诱导气体运动并产生"壁面射流"效应,增加低能流体动量,显著改善附面层内速度分布;与无等离子控制措施相比,分离点位置最大延迟约4%特征尺寸,再附点位置最大提前约12%特征尺寸,分离范围明显减小.此外,电压较大、电极与流体接触式布置均能提高等离子控制流动分离的能力.      

应用等离子体进行翼型前缘分离控制的数值模拟研究

将等离子体对中性气体的作用模型化为彻体力矢量,求解带源项的Navier-Stokes方程,数值模拟了等离子体激励器在NACA0015翼型大迎角下的分离控制效果,彻体力为净电荷在外加电场作用下的电场力.解拉普拉斯方程得到外加电场分布,等离子体中的净电荷分布由泊松方程给出.为了较好地模拟分离涡的发展,采用了雷诺平均与大涡模拟相结合的脱体涡模拟(Detached Eddy Simulation)方法.通过与实验结果对比,发现该模型能较好地模拟等离子体激励器的控制作用.     

激光等离子体航天推进

 本文综述了用脉冲激光等离子体发生器为航天推进动力的可能方案。由外燃式推力器起飞,磁流体风扇升空,等离子体火箭加速。发射同样的有效载荷入轨,起飞重量只及目前航天飞机的1/20,携带燃料只需目前的1/40。先进的航天飞机将加速太阳能站和整个国民经济的发展。     

The local bubble

Recently, observations with the rosat PSPC instrument and the spectrometers onboard the euve satellite have given new detailed information on the structure and physical conditions of the Local Bubble. From the early rocket experiments, and in particular from the WISCONSIN Survey, the existence of a diffuse hot gas in the vicinity of the solar system, extending out to about 100 pc, has been inferred in order to explain the emission below 0.3 keV. The higher angular resolution and sensitivity of rosat made it possible to use diffuse neutral clouds as targets for shadowing the soft X-ray background. Thus, in some directions, more than half of the flux in the 0.25 keV band appears to come from outside the Local Bubble. Further, measurements of the diffuse EUV in the LISM, show surprisingly few emission lines. These findings are in conflict with the standard LHB model, which assumes a local hot (T 10⁶ K) plasma in CIE. Model calculations, based on the non-equilibrium cooling of an expanding plasma, show a promising way of reconciling all available observations. Thus the present temperature within the LB may be as low as 4 × 10⁴ K and its number density as large as 2 × 10^–2 cm ^–3, giving a total pressure that is roughly in agreement with the Local Cloud.Abbreviations CIE collisional ionization equilibrium - ISM Interstellar Medium - LHB Local Hot Bubble - LB Local Bubble - LISM Local ISM - SB superbubble - SXR soft X-ray - SXRB SXR Background - VLISM Very Local ISM Heisenberg Fellow     

激光等离子体点源减阻技术中入射能量对气动阻力的影响

数值模拟了来流马赫数为5时的圆球绕流冷流场,以及来流与头部驻点附近注入激光能量而产生的等离子体相互耦合形成的流场的演化过程。计算结果表明:施加局部能量点源能够改变原有的弓形激波结构,使其变为斜激波,从而减小气动阻力;气动阻力随入射激光能量的增大而逐渐减小,当入射激光能量为1.1 J时,气动阻力减小的百分比高达40%。     

等离子体隐身结构机翼的RCS分析

等离子体隐身是利用等离子体回避雷达探测系统的一种技术.本文介绍了飞机等离子体隐身的原理,提出了一种在飞机机翼封闭前缘内产生离子体的隐身结构设计方案,进而采用CST NWS高频电磁分析软件,对等离子体隐身结构机翼与金属机翼的RCS进行了分析、对比.研究表明,在前缘设置等离子体隐身结构可以改善机翼的总体雷达散射特性.