智能技术在火箭管路系统研制中的应用研究

管路系统在火箭中布局在狭小空间内,不仅规格种类和数量多,且安装位置和安装接口极其复杂多样,给管路的敷设、制造和装配都带来相当的难度。近年来,国内外与智能技术相关的信息、计算机软硬件、控制和传感器等技术的飞速发展,为火箭管路系统的设计、制造以及高效率装配等提供了坚实的理论基础和技术保障。从国内外火箭管路系统在智能布局、智能制造和智能装配等方面入手,研究了智能技术在火箭管路系统工程应用的现实和前景。     

Analyzing the multilevel structure of the European airport network

The multilayered structure of the European airport network (EAN), composed of con-nections and flights between European cities, is analyzed through the k-core decomposition of the connections network. This decomposition allows to identify the core, bridge and periphery lay-ers of the EAN. The core layer includes the best-connected cities, which include important business air traffic destinations. The periphery layer includes cities with lesser connections, which serve low populated areas where air travel is an economic alternative. The remaining cities form the bridge of the EAN, including important leisure travel origins and destinations. The multilayered structure of the EAN affects network robustness, as the EAN is more robust to isolation of nodes of the core, than to the isolation of a combination of core and bridge nodes.     

A study on turbulence transportation and modification of Spalart–Allmaras model for shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow

It is of great significance to improve the accuracy of turbulence models in shock-wave/ boundary layer interaction flow. The relationship between the pressure gradient, as well as the shear layer, and the development of turbulent kinetic energy in impinging shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow at Mach 2.25 is analyzed based on the data of direct numerical simulation(DNS). It is found that the turbulent kinetic energy is amplified by strong shear in the separation zone and the adverse pressure gradient near the separation point. The pressure gradient was non-dimensionalised with local density, velocity, and viscosity. Spalart–Allmaras(S–A) model is modified by introducing the non-dimensional pressure gradient into the production term of the eddy viscosity transportation equation. Simulation results show that the production and dissipation of eddy viscosity are strongly enhanced by the modification of S–A model. Compared with DNS and experimental data, the wall pressure and the wall skin friction coefficient as well as the velocity profile of the modified S–A model are obviously improved. Thus it can be concluded that the modification of S–A model with the pressure gradient can improve the predictive accuracy for simulating the shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction.     

A simple model for the interhemispheric coupling of the middle atmosphere circulation

The interhemispheric coupling of the middle atmosphere general circulation is characterized by a global anomaly pattern of the zonal-mean temperature. This pattern reflects an anomalous stratospheric and mesospheric residual circulation, in which a weaker (stronger) stratospheric winter circulation is linked to an upward (downward) shift of its upper mesospheric branch reaching from the summer to the winter pole. This phenomenon is robust in observational data and several middle atmosphere general circulation models. In the present study, the recently proposed mechanism of the interhemispheric coupling is unequivocally proven within the framework of a zonally symmetric model that excludes any additional effects due to resolved waves and non-zonally propagating gravity waves. Two simulations are conducted that differ in the strength of the polar vortex. A weaker polar vortex results in a downward shift of the winter mesospheric gravity wave drag. This leads to changes also in the summer upper mesosphere via a feedback solely between gravity wave breaking and the zonal-mean state. The accompanying temperature anomaly reproduces the pattern of the interhemispheric coupling.     

考虑机翼尾流影响的运输类飞机后体气动外形优化设计（英文）

在某典型运输机翼身组合体的构型上,进行了考虑机翼尾流影响的机身后体气动外形优化设计研究。基于翼身组合体构型建立了考虑尾流影响和部分工程约束的优化设计系统,并对后体构型在巡航状态下进行了优化设计。以比较适合描述后体变形的NURBS样条基函数为空间控制体属性引入FFD自由变形技术,通过在FFD控制框架对该运输机后体进行了空间属性构建。采用无限差值动网格技术提高空间网格的更新效率并保证网格质量。利用改进Kriging代理模型、量子粒子群优化算法提高优化效率和全局寻优能力。为减小巡航阻力,对某运输机后体的上翘角、截面形状等参数进行了优化设计,优化结果显示,设计后的机身气动特性明显提高。     

中国大型运输机的发展

Aircraft manufacturers always try to do new aircraft on an old basis. A300 is the basis of A380. It is very important for China to own a basis-one type of Chinese own commercial large transport. Trying to find some enlightenment from A380,for Chinese regional aircraft such as ARJ21, ERJ145 and other commercial large transports. Simultaneously,the opportunities and challenges to China Civil Aviation Industry are also discussed in this paper.     

Cosmic-Ray Transport Coefficients

A review of cosmic-ray transport coefficients, based on historic and recent observations and theoretical insights, is presented. Particular emphasis is on the transport of cosmic rays across the magnetic field, which is of foremost importance, and is presently poorly understood and widely debated.     

Advances in modeling gradual solar energetic particle events

Solar energetic particles pose one of the most serious hazards to space probes, satellites and astronauts. The most intense and largest solar energetic particle events are closely associated with fast coronal mass ejections able to drive interplanetary shock waves as they propagate through interplanetary space. The simulation of these particle events requires knowledge of how particles and shocks propagate through the interplanetary medium, and how shocks accelerate and inject particles into interplanetary space. Several models have appeared in the literature that attempt to model these energetic particle events. Each model presents its own simplifying assumptions in order to tackle the series of complex phenomena occurring during the development of such events. The accuracy of these models depends upon the approximations used to describe the physical processes involved in the events. We review the current models used to describe gradual solar energetic particle events, their advances and shortcomings, and their possible applications to space weather forecasting.     

基于正规形法的结冰飞机着陆阶段非线性稳定域

结冰导致飞机飞行包线缩小、对飞行安全产生严重威胁,研究结冰后飞机非线性稳定域对边界保护系统的设计和飞行安全的提高极其重要。以某型运输机为研究对象,考虑飞机非线性气动特性建立飞机纵向非线性模型并进行增稳控制补偿设计;然后通过流形和正规形理论刻画结冰飞机纵向非线性稳定边界并得到稳定边界的解析表达式,通过仿真的手段验证了正规形理论确定的稳定边界和解析表达式的有效性和准确性。最后,分析了飞机着陆过程中,结冰因子对结冰飞机稳定域的影响以及结冰飞机发生事故的机理。研究结果表明,轻度结冰使飞机非线性稳定域缩小;重度结冰导致飞机稳定性发生改变;在未察觉飞机结冰的情况下,飞行员的常规操纵会使飞行状态超出结冰飞机的非线性稳定域、导致飞行事故。研究结果可为飞机结冰后的边界保护提供一定的参考。     

以可靠性为中心的军用运输机维修管理

介绍了以可靠性为中心的维修管理过程及特点，可靠性方案与维修方案的关系，可靠性方案的组成要素、实现方式以及在维修管理中的作用。分析了军用运输机部队制定以可靠性为中心的维修管理方案的必要性和可行性，并提出了制定方案的方法。