Mercury’s Atmosphere: A Surface-Bounded Exosphere

The existence of a surface-bounded exosphere about Mercury was discovered through the Mariner 10 airglow and occultation experiments. Most of what is currently known or understood about this very tenuous atmosphere, however, comes from ground-based telescopic observations. It is likely that only a subset of the exospheric constituents have been identified, but their variable abundance with location, time, and space weather events demonstrate that Mercury’s exosphere is part of a complex system involving the planet’s surface, magnetosphere, and the surrounding space environment (the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field). This paper reviews the current hypotheses and supporting observations concerning the processes that form and support the exosphere. The outstanding questions and issues regarding Mercury’s exosphere stem from our current lack of knowledge concerning the surface composition, the magnetic field behavior within the local space environment, and the character of the local space environment.     

计算物理中的数学实验方法

论述了计算物理与数学实验的关系,以及数学实验对计算物理的重要性,并通过实例说明,利用数学实验方法可以简化计算,突出物理概念,使问题得到更好的解决。     

Progress on Solar Physics Research in China

The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2002-2004 is introduced. The documentations on plans and outlines based on the standards of Chinese aerospace industry for SST mission has been fulfilled. The key technical problems of SST satellite platform and payloads are tackled during pre-study stage of the mission. The laboratory assembly and calibration of the main optical telescope of 1.2 m spherical mirror and 1 m plain mirror have been carried out with the accuracy of λ/40 and λ/30, respectively. The prototype at 17.1 nm for extreme ultraviolet telescope is under development and manufacture with a diameter of 13 cm. Its primary and secondary mirrors have a manufacturing error of 5 nm with a roughness degree of less than 0.5 nm and a multiplayer reflection factor of better than 20%. The on-board scientific data processing unit has been developed. Prototypes for other payloads such as H. and white light telescope, wide band spectroscopy in high energy and solar and interplanetary radio spectrometer have been developed accordingly.     

Progress on Microgravity Sciences in China

The main progress of the research activities on microgravity fluid physics, combustion, biotechnology research and fundamental Physics in China are briefly summarized in the present paper. The major space missions and experimental results obtained on board the Chinese recoverable/nonrecoverable satellites and the Chinese manned spaceship named "Shen Zhou" are presented summarily. The recent main activities of the ground-based studies in China are introduced in brief.     

无网格方法关于导数计算的程序验证

为了提高无网格方法对空间导数的数值计算能力,提出并论证了新的适用于直角坐标系、柱坐标系和球坐标系的空间导数无网格算法。基于数值解与理论解的对比分析,对数值误差和收敛性进行了后验评估。评估结果表明:该算法对函数和导数的估计均为2阶精度,支撑域尺度对数值误差的大小有一定影响,但不影响数值计算的精度等级。在离散尺度h为0.01的条件下,对所选函数及其导数的数值计算相对误差不大于0.65%。      

Shoemaker－Levy9彗星撞击木星的流星物理学

本文从流星物理学的基本方程出发,导出Shoemaker-Levy9慧星撞击木星时的速度、质量损失、电子线密度、能量释放率随高度的分布公式;采用合理的参数,作了一系列计算,并与观测资料比较,进行一些讨论。      

国外空间微重力钟计划及其应用前景

原子钟已经发展到很高的水平,它们在空间科学试验中起着非常重要的作用。文章介绍国外已经建议和正在开展的高精度微重力钟计划,以及它们的应用前景。     

失重状态下旋转陀螺交互操作的仿真研究

针对在地面难以使用实物进行空间操作任务训练的问题,提出了一种基于人机交互和物理引擎技术的交互操作虚拟仿真方法,并实现了失重状态下旋转陀螺的虚拟操作训练。实现中首先建立航天员和陀螺的三维图形模型和用于碰撞检测的物理模型,并采用虚拟现实设备数据手套和位置跟踪仪实时跟踪获取受训人体的实时运动数据,用于交互控制虚拟航天员的运动,最终通过物理引擎及仿真算法计算失重状态下旋转陀螺的运动状态。结果显示,该方法较好地解决了旋转陀螺定轴特性仿真问题,能够满足虚拟训练的实时性和有效性要求。     

Understanding Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection Signatures

While interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are understood to be the heliospheric counterparts of CMEs, with signatures undeniably linked to the CME process, the variability of these signatures and questions about mapping to observed CME features raise issues that remain on the cutting edge of ICME research. These issues are discussed in the context of traditional understanding, and recent results using innovative analysis techniques are reviewed.     

Spectroscopic observations of coronal waves and coronal mass ejections

It is common to use imaging instruments such as EUV and X-ray imagers and coronagraphs to study large-scale phenomena such as coronal mass ejections and coronal waves. Although high resolution spectroscopy is generally limited to a small field of view, its importance in understanding global phenomena should not be under-estimated. I will review current spectroscopic observations of large-scale dynamic phenomena such as global coronal waves and coronal mass ejections. The aim is to determine plasma parameters such as flows, temperatures and densities to obtain a physical understanding of these phenomena.