平面接触圆运动摩擦力的解析与数值算法

本文给出了接触相对运动为圆时求解摩擦力的理论方法 ,得到了摩擦力的解析解 ,分析了二维接触圆运动所产生摩擦力的特征 ,并将其与采用时域轨迹跟踪方法所得的数值解进行了比较 ,验证了数值方法的可行性 ,同时分析了数值方法产生误差的大小及来源 ,为该数值方法的应用及推广于其他平面复杂接触运动提供了依据。     

寻求提高火箭发动机推力和比冲的新途径──环形喷管应用探讨

对环形喷管的概念、特性、分类及其应用作了详细说明，介绍了国内外环形喷管的研究概况，并分析了环形喷管在实际应用中会遇到的问题及解决方法。     

矩形高层建筑横风向动力风荷载解析模型

通过研究不同长宽比，高宽比的矩形棱柱体在边界层风洞中典型迎角下的机警风力，提出了矩形高层建筑横风力功率谱密度，均方根升力系数和Strouhal数的经验公式，并对相干函数作了一定的探讨，建立了完整的横风向动力风荷载解析模型，该模型和试验结果吻合较好，证明它是合理有效的，可此基础上建立高层建筑横风向动力响应的频域计算方法。     

MIDAS – The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System for the Rosetta Mission

The International Rosetta Mission is set for a rendezvous with Comet 67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014. On its 10 year journey to the comet, the spacecraft will also perform a fly-by of the two asteroids Stein and Lutetia in 2008 and 2010, respectively. The mission goal is to study the origin of comets, the relationship between cometary and interstellar material and its implications with regard to the origin of the Solar System. Measurements will be performed that shed light into the development of cometary activity and the processes in the surface layer of the nucleus and the inner coma. The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System (MIDAS) instrument is an essential element of Rosetta’s scientific payload. It will provide 3D images and statistical parameters of pristine cometary particles in the nm-μm range from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. According to cometary dust models and experience gained from the Giotto and Vega missions to 1P/Halley, there appears to be an abundance of particles in this size range, which also covers the building blocks of pristine interplanetary dust particles. The dust collector of MIDAS will point at the comet and collect particles drifting outwards from the nucleus surface. MIDAS is based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), a type of scanning microprobe able to image small structures in 3D. AFM images provide morphological and statistical information on the dust population, including texture, shape, size and flux. Although the AFM uses proven laboratory technology, MIDAS is its first such application in space. This paper describes the scientific objectives and background, the technical implementation and the capabilities of MIDAS as they stand after the commissioning of the flight instrument, and the implications for cometary measurements.     

电推进在静止轨道空间碎片减缓中的应用

研究了电推进在静止轨道空间碎片减缓中应用的可行性和效果。通过分析电推进中离子推进的技术特点、发展和应用,阐明了用电推进将静止轨道卫星在寿命末期移高到“垃圾轨道”是可行的。提出了电推进采用沿飞行方向的常值推力,以多次双脉冲变轨方式工作的方案,并通过仿真计算,得出了该方案中推力大小、工作时间、特征速度、燃料消耗量等参数的确定方法和量化性指标,验证了电推进应用在空间碎片减缓中的作用和效果。探讨了电推进以脉冲方式工作的工程实现方案．     

磨削力的实时采集和数据处理

磨削一般是零件加工的最后一道工序。磨削过程较为复杂，磨削力的大小不仅影响工件的表面质量，而且还影响零件的精度。在磨削机理研究及生产实际中常常需对磨削力进行测试，通过调整磨削用量，修整砂轮，实现在允许的磨削力范围内进行加工。提出了在磨床上安装测力系统，并采用单片机对磨削力信号进行实时采集处理，建立磨削力的经验公式，同时显示并打印结果。     

湍流对二维矩形柱体空气动力学性质的影响

本文研究了湍流对长宽比B/D等于2和4的两种静止二维矩形柱体的空气动力学性质(平均压力分布、脉动压力分布、气动力和压力相关)的影响,并从能谱的观点讨论了湍流尺度的影响。     

Machining fixture for adaptive CNC machining process of near-net-shaped jet engine blade

Low stiffness and positioning problems are difficulties and challenges in the precise machining of near-net-shaped blades. This paper aims to achieve high accuracy in manufacturing by fixture- and deformation-control in the adaptive CNC machining process. Adaptive CNC machining technology is first analyzed, and new fixture-evaluation criteria and methods to evaluate the adaptive CNC machining process fixture design are built. Second, a machining fixture is designed and manufactured after analyzing its positioning scheme, clamping scheme, materials (PEEK-GF30), and structure characteristics. Finally, the designed fixture is analyzed by FEA and experimentally verified by a cutting experiment. The results show that the deformation of the blade is an overall rigid-body displacement, the main deformation of the blade-fixture system occurs on the four clamping heads, and this fixture can effectively protect the blade from local deformation. The proposed clamping-sequence method reliably and effectively controls the local maximum deformation of the blade. The system stiffness is increased by 20 Hz, with each clamping force increased by 200 N. Both high- and low-frequency displacement in roughing milling or finishing milling are acceptable relative to the accuracy demand of blade machining. This fixture and an adaptive CNC machining process can achieve high accuracy in blade manufacturing.     

后效冲量引起导弹弹道误差的一种计算方法

后效冲量误差是引起弹道导弹飞行弹道误差和命中误差的一个重要误差源。根据冲量原理和小偏差理论给出了后效冲量误差引起导弹命中误差的一种计算方法和模型,提出了一种用关机分离方程控制射程的方法。仿真计算表明,该方法可彻底消除后效冲量误差,进而消除后效冲量误差产生的命中误差。     

动力学解耦的改进直接力控制

 提出了一种动力学解耦的改进直接力控制技术,通过对传统直接力控制技术的改进,引入翼面气动力闭环控制回路,使空气动力学模型与刚体动力学模型分离,避免了空气动力学模型的不确定性和非线性耦合对控制系统的影响,并针对建模精度较高的刚体动力学模型进行动力学解耦和控制,在此基础上构建了分层递阶控制系统。根据翼面气动力可控特性分析结果,设计了基于广义逆的控制力分配算法,实现了控制力的有效分配,最后进行了仿真校验。仿真结果表明,基于逆动力学的直接力控制系统可以实现飞行器姿态运动和质心运动的解耦控制,并且具有较强的抗扰动能力和鲁棒性,具有良好的工程应用前景。