基于时序逻辑的复杂环境下无人机运动规划算法

本文主要考虑基于时序逻辑的无人机运动规划问题。一般地，解决该问题的算法包括两个阶段:上层综合阶段生成一条可行的离散规划;低级综合阶段结合离散任务规划设计无人机的控制输入。但是当第一阶段失败时，即线性时序逻辑(LTL)任务在当前环境中无法实现时，我们希望系统能够进行一定的调整。本文提出了一种任务重规划算法，在深入理解模型检查原理的基础上，利用初始任务自动机生成一个松弛乘积自动机，进而获取有效的离散任务规划;同时设计一个自动机的权重函数，确保该规划在最小程度上违背初始任务所提出的约束。本文提出的重规划算法解决了时序逻辑在复杂环境中无法实现的难题，扩大了时序逻辑在无人机运动规划中的应用范围，同时增加了系统的鲁棒性。     

吸气式高超声速飞行器俯仰/滚转耦合运动特性

针对一种类似SR-72构型的吸气式高超声速飞机开展了进气道通流状态下俯仰/滚转耦合运动相关研究。通过数值模拟获得了滚转单自由度静稳定性、动稳定性以及强迫俯仰/自由滚转运动下的两自由度耦合动稳定性，研究了飞行器转动惯量以及俯仰运动频率对耦合运动的影响，简要分析了耦合运动的机理。研究发现虽然此飞行器具有滚转静稳定性和动稳定性，但是在强迫俯仰/自由滚转运动过程中，滚转通道却出现了小幅度振荡与大振幅振荡交替出现的情况，最大滚转角超过70°。小幅度振荡出现在正弦俯仰振荡的上半周期，其振荡频率随轴向转动惯量增加而降低，幅值随俯仰振荡频率增加而增大；大振幅振荡出现在下半周期，其幅值基本不变，而振荡频率与俯仰振荡一致。这种现象基本不受惯性耦合作用影响，可以认为是由气动力主导的。     

Stability of spinning satellite under axial thrust and internal mass motion

This paper considers a spinning rigid body and a particle with internal motion under axial thrust. This model is helpful for gaining insights into the nutation anomalies that occurred near the end of orbit injections performed by STAR-48 rocket motors. The stability of this system is investigated by means of linearized equations about a uniform spin reference state. In this model, a double root does not necessarily imply instability. The resulting stability condition defines a manifold in the parameter space. A detailed study of this manifold and the parameter space shows that the envelope of the constant solutions is in fact the stability boundary. Only part of the manifold defines a physical system and the range of frequency values that make the system unstable is restricted. Also it turns out that an increase of the spring stiffness, which restrains the internal motion, does not necessarily increase the stability margin. The application of the model is demonstrated using the orbit injection data of ESA's Ulysses satellite in 1990.     

Solar Energetic Particle Charge States: An Overview

The ionic charge distributions of solar energetic particles (SEP) as observed in interplanetary space provide fundamental information about the origin of these particles, and the acceleration and propagation processes at the Sun and in interplanetary space. In this paper we review the measurements of ionic charge states of energetic particles in interplanetary space and discuss their implication for our understanding of SEP sources, and acceleration and propagation processes.     

散粒磨粒抛光运动轨迹的分析及数学模型的建立

通过对散粒磨粒抛光过程中的运动轨迹的分析与研究，提出以运动参数为控制因子的磨粒运动轨迹的数学模型，为实现计算机控制抛光过程奠定一定的基础     

Robustness analysis metrics for worldwide airport network: A comprehensive study

Robustness of transportation networks is one of the major challenges of the 21st century. This paper investigates the resilience of global air transportation from a complex network point of view, with focus on attacking strategies in the airport network, i.e., to remove airports from the sys-tem and see what could affect the air traffic system from a passenger's perspective. Specifically, we identify commonalities and differences between several robustness measures and attacking strate-gies, proposing a novel notion of functional robustness: unaffected passengers with rerouting. We apply twelve attacking strategies to the worldwide airport network with three weights, and eval-uate three robustness measures. We find that degree and Bonacich based attacks harm passenger weighted network most. Our evaluation is geared toward a unified view on air transportation net-work attack and serves as a foundation on how to develop effective mitigation strategies.     

Inner radiation belt source of helium and heavy hydrogen isotopes

Nuclear interactions between inner zone protons and atoms in the upper atmosphere provide the main source of energetic H and He isotopes nuclei in the radiation belt. This paper reports on the specified calculations of these isotope intensities using various inner zone proton intensity models (AP-8 and SAMPEX/PET PSB97), the atmosphere drift-averaged composition and density model MSIS-90, and cross-sections of the interaction processes from the GNASH nuclear model code. To calculate drift-averaged densities and energy losses of secondaries, the particles were tracked in the geomagnetic field (modelled through IGRF-95) by integrating numerically the equation of the motion. The calculations take into account the kinematics of nuclear interactions along the whole trajectory of trapped proton. The comparison with new data obtained from the experiments on board RESURS-04 and MITA satellites and with data from SAMPEX and CRRES satellites taken during different phases of solar activity shows that the upper atmosphere is a sufficient source for inner zone helium and heavy hydrogen isotopes. The calculation results are energy spectra and angular distributions of light nuclear isotopes in the inner radiation belt that may be used to develop helium inner radiation belt model and to evaluate their contribution to SEU (single event upset) rates.     

Possible Suzaku detection of non-thermal X-ray signals from a rotating magnetized white dwarf

Although rotating neutron stars (NSs) have been regarded as being textbook examples of astrophysical particle acceleration sites for decades, details of the acceleration mechanism remain a mystery; for example, we cannot yet observationally distinguish “polar cap” models from “outer gap” models. To solve the model degeneracy, it is useful to study similar systems with much different physical parameters. Strongly magnetized white dwarfs (WDs) are ideal for this purpose, because they have essentially the same system geometry as NSs, but differ largely from NSs in the system parameters, including the size, magnetic field, and the rotation velocity, with the induced electric field expected to reach 10¹³–10¹⁴ eV. Based on this idea, the best candidate among WDs, AE Aquarii, was observed with the fifth Japaneses X-ray satellite, Suzaku. The hard X-ray detector (HXD) on-board Suzaku has the highest sensitivity in the hard X-ray band over 10 keV. A marginal detection in the hard X-ray band was achieved with the HXD, and was separated from the thermal emission. The flux corresponds to about 0.02% of its spin-down energy. If the signal is real, this observation must be a first case of the detection of non-thermal emission from WDs.     

Monte Carlo calibration of the response of the University of Chicago’s Cosmic Ray Nuclei Experiment (CRNE) on IMP-8 to electrons above 0.5 MeV

Modern instrument-simulation techniques offer the possibility of increasing the scientific yield from archival space datasets. In this paper, we report on a simulation of the electron response of the University of Chicago’s Cosmic Ray Nuclei Experiment (CRNE) instrument on the IMP-8 satellite. IMP-8/CRNE returned data from 1973 to 2006. The CRNE particle telescope was designed to measure the isotopic composition of Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) nuclei and has also been used in many studies of protons and ions above 10 MeV/nucleon from solar energetic particle (SEP) events. But CRNE also functions as a highly-capable detector for solar electrons above 0.5 MeV, an energy range that has not been extensively studied. Utilization of the CRNE electron data has heretofore been limited by the fact that CRNE was never calibrated for electrons. We have therefore used the GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation package to model the CRNE response to electrons and (separately) protons for multiple energies and incident angles. The results were used to compute the energy- and angle-dependence of the effective area and the energy-dependence of the geometric factor. The response to protons, which was already well understood, was used to verify the mass model, the simulation settings, and the post-processing software. Our simulation of the IMP-8/CRNE electron response now allows analysis of hundreds of relativistic solar electron events observed by CRNE over the years, including studies of evolution of electron energy spectra with high time resolution. We show examples of these results and briefly discuss potential applications to future scientific investigations.     

Object injection in geodesic conditions: In-flight and on-ground testing issues

In absence of forces, any object moves along the straightest possible path in space–time, called geodesic. The presence of a gravity field generates a space–time distortion that reflects on a curvature of the geodesics. Outer space yields a privileged environment to achieve high levels of geodesic purity, thanks to the absence of many non-gravitational force disturbances typical of the Earth, mainly due to the atmosphere, micro-seismic activity, stray electro-magnetic fields, etc. Many experiments in the field of Fundamental Physics, General Relativity and Earth Observation are performed through space missions, in which objects are either set in geodesic conditions or their deviation from a geodesic is measured. In both cases, stray non-gravitational forces acting on them must be reduced to a negligible level.