结构修理手册结构识别模块编制方法

结构识别是结构修理手册中的基础信息部分,可帮助维修人员了解修理对象.本文介绍了结构修理手册飞机机体结构识别模块的基本内容、数据需求、编制方法和流程,可为金属结构部件和复合材料结构部件的结构识别模块编制工作提供指导.     

基于有限元Craig缩聚模型的基础激励和载荷识别

载荷识别是用有限自由度的加速度测量值推断外力.基础激励是在基础自由度上加给定的加速度时间历程激振结构,求整个结构的动响应.利用Craig减缩模型的性质,及界面自由度的已知运动可求出整个结构其余自由度的动力学响应,完成基础激励求解.在此基础上用已知的界面自由运动和求得的非界面自由度的动力学响应,代入结构动力学方程即可实现载荷识别.本方法唯一能给基础激励和载荷识别结果带来的偏差是Craig缩聚模型与原始有限元模型间的差异,对此用频响分析的方式,直接从频响曲线的变化来确定缩聚模型的精度.算例表明这一新的基础激励和载荷识别途径是有效的.      

PREDICTION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS FOR END MILLING TITANIUM ALLOY USING MODIFIED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION LS-SVM

It is difficult to construct the prediction model for titanium alloy through analyzing the formation mecha- nism of surface roughness due to the complicated relation between influential factors and surface roughness. A no- vel algorithm based on the modified particle swarm optimization （PSO） least square support vector machine （LS- SVM） is proposed to predict the roughness of the end milling titanium alloys. According to Taguchi method and features in milling titanium alloys, the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on surface roughness are investigated with the analysis of variance （ANOVA） of the experimental data. The research results show that the construction speed of the modified PSO LS-SVM model is two orders of magnitude faster than that of back propagation（BP） model. Moreover, the prediction accuracy is about one order of magnitude higher than that of BP model. The modified PSO LS-SVM prediction model can explain the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on the surface roughness of titanium alloys. Either a higher cutting speed, a lower feed rate or a smaller axial depth of cut can lead to the decrease of surface roughness.     

大型导弹车工作模态识别研究及应用

针对大型导弹车在运输状态下的动态特性识别问题,设计制作了能够反映大型导弹车主要动力学特征的简化模型,使用最小二乘复指数法（LSCE）对简化模型进行了动态特性识别,对识别结果进行了分析和评估,并将最小二乘复指数法应用到真实大型导弹车运输状态的模态识别中。可为大型导弹车运输状态下的动力学特性分析提供参考。     

整机条件下涡扇发动机部件特征参数辨识

为解决整机条件下难于直接获得部件全部特征参数的问题,在计算发动机部件特征参数对整机性能敏感度的基础上,利用条件数分析参数之间的相关性最终确定可修正参数数量.这样即可构造工程上可解的辨识问题,并通过最小二乘法求解.仿真计算结果显示:高压压气机效率为0.982与初设值0.98一致,说明该方法从理论上是可行的.从具体实例的辨识结果来看,有压气机后温度测试时部件效率降低量值符合实际结果;无压气机后温度测试时高压压气机效率较设计状态偏高12.7%,不符合实际发动机工作情况.显然辨识问题是病态的,为此可修正参数不应超过6个.      

飞轮扰动经验模型参数的识别与改进

对飞轮扰动模型参数的精确识别是研究光学卫星高稳定度、高分辨率成像的基础. 目前, 飞轮的扰动模型识别主要有两种: 经验模型和分析模型. 经验模型需要识别的参数是谐波级数和幅值系数, 而当前存在的参数识别算法忽略了时域截断的影响, 导致幅值系数识别存在较大偏差, 这会引起扰动响应分析的不确定性. 针对上述情况, 提出了窗函数法和与其相关的频域恢复技术, 有效弥补了时域截断的影响. 通过实验仿真结果可见, 该方法大幅度提高了幅值系数的识别精度.      

行星齿轮非线性振动系统参数稳定域的计算方法

研究了行星齿轮非线性传动系统参数稳定域计算的一般方法.该方法通过选取合理的失稳阀值,根据考查参数域内系统的运动状态选取合适的数值积分时间段,以循环套嵌的手段计算考查参数在各自范围内不同组合下的系统位移响应最大值,比较失稳阀值以判稳,参数稳定域的图形输出等5个步骤完成对行星轮系参数稳定域的计算.最后,以四自由度行星轮系纯扭转非线性振动模型为例,以行星轮输入转速、系统的齿侧间隙以及齿轮副的啮合阻尼系数为考查参数,分别计算得到了系统的单参数稳定域、双参数稳定域以及三参数稳定域,为行星轮系的设计取值提供了重要参考.      

Modeling and Optimal Design of 3 Degrees of Freedom Helmholtz Resonator in Hydraulic System

Three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) Helmholtz resonator which consists of three cylindrical necks and cavities connected in series (neck-cavity-neck-cavity-neck-cavity) is suitable to reduce flow pulsation in hydraulic system. A novel lumped parameter model (LPM) of 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system is developed which considers the viscous friction loss of hydraulic fluid in the necks. Applying the Newton’s second law of motion to the equivalent mechanical model of the resonator, closed-form expression of transmission loss and resonance frequency is presented. Based on the LPM, an optimal design method which employs rotate vector optimization method (RVOM) is proposed. The purpose of the optimal design is to search the resonator’s unknown parameters so that its resonance frequencies can coincide with the pump-induced flow pulsation harmonics respectively. The optimal design method is realized to design 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator for a certain type of aviation piston pump hydraulic system. The optimization result shows the feasibility of this method, and the simulation under optimum parameters reveals that the LPM can get the same precision as transfer matrix method (TMM).     

火星气囊气体发生器充气过程稳压仿真研究

文章对低温和常温环境下的气囊稳压充气过程的参数进行了仿真计算。主要分析计算了气囊内外壁的对流换热、囊内气体与囊壁间辐射以及水蒸气液化等传热方式的传热量。同时,计算了在不同环境温度下,气囊内气体温度、充气质量以及充气质量流率随时间的变化关系。分析结果可以为工程研制提供参考和数据支持。     

Aerodynamic Modeling and Parameter Estimation from QAR Data of an Airplane Approaching a High-altitude Airport

Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane. It is also an essential content of flight accident analysis. The related techniques are developed in the present paper, including the geometric method for angle of attack and sideslip angle estimation, the extended Kalman filter associated with modified Bryson-Frazier smoother (EKF-MBF) method for aerodynamic coefficient identification, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network method for aerodynamic modeling, and the Delta method for stability/control derivative estimation. As an application example, the QAR data of a civil airplane approaching a high-altitude airport are processed and the aerodynamic coefficient and derivative estimates are obtained. The estimation results are reasonable, which shows that the developed techniques are feasible. The causes for the distribution of aerodynamic derivative estimates are analyzed. Accordingly, several measures to improve estimation accuracy are put forward.