涡轮泵滚动轴承-转子系统高速运行试验研究

针对涡轮泵转子的具体结构特点,解决了高速运行试验过程中的支承、驱动、轴承润滑冷却、振动测量、转子高速动平衡及轴向力加载控制等问题。结合旋转机械故障诊断技术,提出了高速动平衡效率、转子支承状态及轴向力加载状态的优化方法,并在试验过程中对该优化方法进行了验证,实现了涡轮泵转子的高速稳定运行。结果表明:涡轮泵转子高速运行试验应采用刚性连接的柔性联轴器;涡轮泵转子高速轴承需采用高压直喷式供油;通过平衡效率优化可将非线性振动影响下的转子一次平衡效率由30%提高至73.7%;为避免高速运行时产生基础松动,试验中滚动轴承外环应采用紧配合安装;轴向力应沿轴承周向均匀加载,其大小应根据轴承-转子系统具体结构及运行状态综合分析确定。     

Experimental study on drilling basalt with self-vibratory drilling head

Based on the goal of improving the rock breaking ability when drilling asteroid rock samples under limited energy conditions, this paper proposes a method of drilling rock using self-vibratory drilling head and develops a small self-vibratory drilling head for drilling rock. In order to analyze the dynamic characteristics of drilling rock with self-vibratory drilling head, a rock model hypothesis that the rock consists of a series of micro-segment uniform continuous media is put forward. Base on the hypothesis, the model of drilling rock is constructed, the stability lobes diagram of self-vibratory drilling head drilling basalt is plotted, and the energy mechanism of drilling rock system with self-vibratory drilling head is discussed. The comparison tests of drilling basalt by three kinds of self-vibratory drilling head with different spring stiffness and the conventional method are carried out. The rotational speed is a variable in the comparative tests. The test results show that under the specific rotational speed and spring stiffness, self-excited vibration is produced in self-vibratory drilling head drilling basalt. When self-excited vibration drilling is conducted, although the amplitude fluctuation range of the drilling thrust force is wider than that of conventional drilling, the average drilling thrust force is smaller than the conventional drilling. The amplitude of drilling thrust force increases with an increase in spring stiffness. The method of drilling rock by self-vibratory drilling head is proved to be a potential method for viable drilling of asteroid rock samples.     

Neural network-based sliding mode control for atmospheric-actuated spacecraft formation using switching strategy

This paper presents an adaptive neural networks-based control method for spacecraft formation with coupled translational and rotational dynamics using only aerodynamic forces. It is assumed that each spacecraft is equipped with several large flat plates. A coupled orbit-attitude dynamic model is considered based on the specific configuration of atmospheric-based actuators. For this model, a neural network-based adaptive sliding mode controller is implemented, accounting for system uncertainties and external perturbations. To avoid invalidation of the neural networks destroying stability of the system, a switching control strategy is proposed which combines an adaptive neural networks controller dominating in its active region and an adaptive sliding mode controller outside the neural active region. An optimal process is developed to determine the control commands for the plates system. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based method. Comparative results through numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of executing attitude control while maintaining the relative motion, and higher control accuracy can be achieved by using the proposed neural-based switching control scheme than using only adaptive sliding mode controller.     

基于感生电压的变压器工作原理分析

研究了楞次定律及法拉第电磁感应定律在电机原理分析中容易引起理解错误的原因,提出采用感生电压代替感生电动势来分析电机原理的方法,并应用该方法分析了变压器负载运行时各个变量之间的关系,给出电压、电流平衡方程、等效电路及相量图。     

Model for the VLF/LF radio signal anomalies formation associated with earthquakes

The influence of quasi-static electric field of seismic origin on the characteristics of the internal gravity waves (IGWs) in the Earth’s ionosphere is considered. The electric field in the ionosphere arises due to the injection of charged aerosols into the atmosphere, formation of an EMF in the near Earth atmosphere and perturbation of the conductive electric current in the global electric circuit. Amplification of the electric current in seismic zone is accompanied by the formation of perturbation of the lower ionosphere that affects the amplitude and phase of VLF/LF signals. The action of the electric field on the IGWs is connected with the appearance of the Ampere’s force in the ionosphere. In the spectral range of these waves the latter acts on the neutral component of the ionosphere plasma. As the result of this interaction the ionosphere starts to support the discrete spectrum of oscillations. Periods of their maximums increase as numbers of natural sequence. The existence of such peculiarities of the waves in the ionosphere is confirmed by observations.     

氮化硅陶瓷切削仿真与实验

针对金刚石砂轮磨粒尺寸、形状的不规则性和空间位置不确定性的特点,采用球坐标中随机点产生的空间平面切分实体和截角多面体相结合的方法,并考虑氮化硅陶瓷工件的磨削亚表面形貌和裂纹损伤,建立了截角多面体磨粒和含有典型裂纹的工件模型。进行单颗磨粒切削氮化硅陶瓷的有限元仿真和实验,结果表明:磨削加工和数值仿真的磨削力值变化趋势相同,差值小于8%,切削力随砂轮转速增大而减小、随工件速度和切削深度增大而增大,而切削深度对切削力的影响程度最大。     

飞行模拟器电动操纵负荷系统多余力抑制研究

飞行模拟器操纵负荷系统是一种被动式力伺服系统,其多余力的抑制是提高操纵负荷系统力跟踪精度的关键。以研制的飞行模拟器电动操纵负荷系统原理样机为平台,对系统的工作原理和结构进行介绍,通过系统建模,在MATLAB/SIMULINK中仿真,对经典的前馈补偿和PID复合控制方法的多余力抑制效果进行仿真分析,并在原理样机上进行试验测试。试验结果验证了复合控制策略有效地抑制了多余力,提高了系统的跟踪精度。     

新型无叶栅反推力装置的气动性能研究

结合国外的相关研究工作,对新型无叶栅反推力装置的气动性能进行研究和分析,利用康达效应提高新型无叶栅反推力装置的工作效率。计算结果表明,利用康达效应可以使新型反推力装置的轴向反推力系数从0.175提高到0.36。此种反推力装置与常规叶栅式反推力装置相比,质量大大减轻,适合应用在大涵道比涡扇发动机上。     

GRB host galaxies: An unbiased sample

We describe the current status and recent results from our Swift/VLT legacy survey, a VLT Large Programme aimed at characterizing the host galaxies of a homogeneously selected sub-sample of Swift   GRBs. The immediate goals are to determine the host luminosity function, study the effects of reddening, determine the fraction of Lyα$\mathrm{Ly}\mathrm{\alpha }$ emitters in the hosts, and obtain redshifts for targets without a reported one. The main effort so far has been the definition of a very carefully selected sample, obeying strict and well-defined criteria: 68 targets in total. Among the preliminary results is a large optical detection rate, the lack of extremely red objects (only one possible case in the sample) and an update of the Swift   GRB redshift distribution with 〈z〉∼2.0$〈z〉\sim 2.0$.     

耦合进排气壳的增压器涡轮流动干扰及激振力弱化研究

为探究船用增压器涡轮在耦合进排气壳条件下的流动特性,采用SST湍流模型和FFT方法对某增压器轴流涡轮与进排气壳耦合的流场进行非定常数值模拟,重点分析排气壳非对称流场对涡轮动叶片压力的干扰特性和扰动来源,在此基础上提出基于导叶非对称布局的激振力弱化改型方案并进行了验证。结果表明：进气壳影响静叶前缘静压沿周向的分布,排气壳流场导致的非对称背压会给动叶表面造成低频的压力波动,约为3.6%的转子通过频率,在尾缘吸力面处该低频波动幅值大于动静叶排干涉导致的高频波动幅值;排气壳内部复杂的分离流动和涡系结构是产生上述流动干扰的主要原因。4种非对称布局方案都能在几乎不影响涡轮性能的前提下分散并弱化高频波动幅值;其中Case2尾缘高频幅值减小了98.6%,低频幅值减小了52.6%,而且涡轮效率还有略微提高,为最优布局。