基于响应曲面法的高速内冷铣削AISI304不锈钢铣削力

针对硬质合金刀具高速内冷铣削AISI304不锈钢时,切削力大、切削温度高及加工表面质量低的问题。基于响应曲面中心复合设计方法进行高速内冷铣削实验,建立了铣削力分量二阶回归预测模型,并进行了实验验证。对比了干式与内冷铣削后的加工表面质量,分析了铣削参数对铣削力分量的影响规律,以铣削力分量最小为目标优化了铣削参数。结果表明:进给力和径向力的预测值与实验值的误差分别为4. 77%和6. 16%;内冷铣削的Ra为0. 193～0. 327μm;对铣削力分量的影响是铣削深度转速进给量,随着铣削深度和转速的增加,进给力先升高后降低,径向力逐步增加,铣削深度与转速的交互作用对进给力和径向力的影响显著;转速11 643. 63 r/min、铣削深度1 mm、进给量0. 08 mm/r为最优铣削参数组合。     

用于光波纳米推力器的颗粒供应技术和光聚积技术研究

为提高光波纳米推力器在轨应用的可行性,针对与其匹配的颗粒供应技术和光聚积技术进行研究。提出整个推进系统的设计思路,通过建立理论计算和数值计算模型,分析颗粒供应技术和光聚积技术的各项核心结构参数的设计方法。计算结果表明:颗粒供应装置的正负电极内径之比(W/D)会影响正负电荷产生的总量之比,在W/D=300/322附近时,正负电荷比例接近1:1。静电诱导电压为9 V,当中和通道长度大于37.5mm时,正负颗粒可以视为完全中和。光聚积设计思路可令聚积球对光能的利用率在32.8%左右。两种相关技术的装置与推力器在结构上能够对接、在性能上可以匹配,从理论上表明了两种支撑技术的可行性。     

Multi-Sphere Method for modeling spacecraft electrostatic forces and torques

The use of electrostatic (Coulomb) actuation for formation flying is attractive because non-renewable fuel reserves are not depleted and plume impingement issues are avoided. Prior analytical electrostatic force models used for Coulomb formations assume spherical spacecraft shapes, which include mutual capacitance and induced effects. However, this framework does not capture any orientation-dependent forces or torques on generic spacecraft geometries encountered during very close operations and docking scenarios. The Multi-Sphere Method (MSM) uses a collection of finite spheres to represent a complex shape and analytically approximate the Coulomb interaction with other charged bodies. Finite element analysis software is used as a truth model to determine the optimal sphere locations and radii. The model is robust to varying system parameters such as prescribed voltages and external shape size. Using the MSM, faster-than-realtime electrostatic simulation of six degree of freedom relative spacecraft motion is feasible, which is crucial for the development of robust relative position and orientation control algorithms in local space situational awareness applications. To demonstrate this ability, the rotation of a cylindrical craft in deep space is simulated, while charge control from a neighboring spacecraft is used to de-spin the object. Using a 1 m diameter craft separated by 10 m from a 3 by 1 m cylindrical craft in deep space, a 2 °/s initial rotation rate can be removed from the cylinder within 3 days, using electric potentials up to 30 kV.     

数字化组合式大力值校准系统的研制

为了满足对大力值(20 MN左右)的测量和校准,开发了一套数字化组合式大力值校准装置。其最大量程可达24 MN,系统测量准确度为0.1%,适合于大型材料试验机的校准和检定。本文详细介绍了装置的组成结构、弹性体设计、贴片和组桥方式、数字化的方法以及与计算机的通信实现。     

磁悬浮框架飞轮磁轴承技术研究与发展现状

对磁悬浮框架飞轮(MSGFW)和高精度磁轴承研究现状及其未来发展进行了详细阐述。根据转子悬浮力类型，将磁悬浮框架飞轮分为磁阻力构型、洛伦兹力构型和混合力构型，并结合三种构型论述了国内外框架飞轮的发展过程。在此基础上，对球面磁阻力磁轴承和洛伦兹力磁轴承进行了详细介绍，并结合磁路图分析其工作原理，比较了同类磁轴承的优劣。展望了磁悬浮框架飞轮与高精度磁轴承的未来发展方向，指出高动态响应检控共位平动球面磁阻力磁轴承，标准磁悬浮动量球和磁悬浮控制敏感球是磁悬浮框架飞轮的研究重点。     

一种星-箭连接动态界面力的深度学习反演方法

针对于星-箭连接动态界面力无法通过力传感器直接测量,且典型时域动载反演方法难以准确计算界面力的时域变化等难点,提出了基于长短时记忆(LSTM)神经网络的星-箭界面力深度学习反演方法。首先通过卫星地面测试试验得到数据依据,以卫星主体结构的加速度测量数据为输入层,以星-箭界面力测量数据为输出层,利用LSTM神经网络建立输入和输出间的反演映射关系模型,实现卫星在发射过程中较高精度的界面力反演。进而,设计并开展了某典型卫星结构的正弦扫频和随机振动实验,测试LSTM界面力反演方法的可行性。结果分析可知,所提出的基于LSTM深度学习反演方法能够精确地获得动态界面力时程数据,两项性能指标均优于目前典型的载荷反演方法。     

基于高效数值方法的一种高超声速飞行器外形气动力/热综合优化设计研究

基于所发展的高效气动力/热快速预测方法,建立了适用于高超声速飞行器的综合考虑气动力与气动热特性的外形优化设计技术,并在一种高超声速飞行器外形设计中应用,通过优化设计改变了初始外形纵向静不稳定特性,优化后外形实现了纵向静稳定、大攻角自配平和非驻点表面最大热流下降的设计目标。所发展的方法为适应气动外形快速选型设计需求提供了有效的途径。     

超声速条件下多体干扰与分离试验研究

采用根据国外公开文献设计的类CAV模型,在0．6m×0．6m 跨/超声速风洞中开展了多体干扰与分离网格测力试验研究,初步获得了典型多体飞行器分离过程中的气动特性变化规律。试验结果表明,载荷模型气动特性受分离位置变化影响非常明显。载荷模型沿轴向分离时,气动力（矩）逐步接近自由流中气动力（矩）值,载荷模型法向位置改变会引发其气动力（矩）值发生更为剧烈的变化。引发这种现象的原因有两个：一是尾迹和头激波的发展改变了不同轴向位置处载荷模型的表面流态,从而影响了其气动特性;二是母机模型底部流动具有明显的非对称膨胀特征,不同法向位置处流速大小和方向差异明显,导致载荷模型气动特性随法向位置变化更为剧烈。     

一种折叠弹翼悬挂物的分离轨迹试验技术

提出了一种新的折叠弹翼悬挂物机弹分离轨迹试验技术,重点解决了在机弹分离过程中折叠弹翼动态展开时悬挂物的气动力获取问题。研究表明,提出的试验技术通过将悬挂物气动力修正方法引入到悬挂物分离安全性研究当中,准确地得到悬挂物的分离特性,解决了折叠弹翼悬挂物分离轨迹风洞试验技术瓶颈,为折叠弹翼悬挂物的投放分离安全性提供一套工程实用的解决方案。     

Grinding performance evaluation of porous composite-bonded CBN wheels for Inconel 718

For high-efficiency grinding of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium and nickel alloys, a high porosity is expected and also a sufficient mechanical strength to satisfy the function.However, the porosity increase is a disadvantage to the mechanical strength. As a promising pore forming agent, alumina bubbles are firstly induced into the abrasive layer to fabricate porous cubic boron nitride（CBN） wheels. When the wheel porosity reaches 45%, the bending strength is still high up to 50 MPa with modified orderly pore distribution. A porous CBN wheel was fabricated with a total porosity around 30%. The grinding performance of the porous composite-bonded CBN wheel was evaluated in terms of specific force, specific grinding energy, and grinding temperature, which were better than those of the vitrified one under the same grinding conditions. Compared to the vitrified CBN wheel, clear straight cutting grooves and less chip adhesion are observed on the ground surface and there is also no extensive loading on the wheel surface after grinding.