自洁仿生薄膜吸附模拟研究

固体表面的自清洁性一直深受研究人员的关注,但对其微观机理尚缺乏深入研究。文章利用分子动力学原理,对以ZnO为基底的纳结构表面自清洁效果进行了模拟仿真,探讨了方柱状纳结构尺寸对其自清洁性能的影响规律,进而优化纳结构模型。结果表明,自洁效果最好的纳结构表面尺寸为:柱高度7.05,柱边长7.38,柱侧边距2.16,最大接触角140.8°;同时,与Wenzel模型相比,模拟接触角与Cassie模型的预测值更能保持一致。     

基于仿真的小型数据中心气流组织研究

为了实现小型数据中心能在办公室环境中运行而降低运行成本这一实际需求,提出了蒸汽压缩制冷系统与服务器融合封闭的降噪与制冷的一体化设计方案。在关键部件——轴流风扇和蒸发器的仿真策略得到验证的基础上,建立了系统气流组织仿真模型以分析箱体内流动与换热特征,以方差和信息熵构建不均匀性评价指标以评估不同风扇排布方式对服务器温度场均匀性的影响,讨论了发热密度增大时的应对策略。结果表明,轴流风扇不均匀的动量驱动导致了蒸发器内不均匀的流动与换热,所设计的降噪制冷系统可以使服务器的排风温度控制在21.6~22.2℃,增加蒸发器的散热风扇可以整体上改善温度场均匀性,发热密度增大时增大服务器的通风量是降低排风温度的有效措施。      

航天器对接接触过程撞击动力学分析

空间对接接触撞击过程动力学特性是载人航天空间对接机构研究设计的基础．本文针对先进而复杂的异体同构周边式对接机构,运用矢量力学方法和粘弹性理论,建立了航天器空间对接接触撞击过程动力学模型,给出了接触撞击载荷显示表达式,并结合工程问题算例进行了初步打靶计算和统计分析,取得了较为满意的统计结果．     

高压管路透镜垫连接件结构分析

透镜垫联接件作为高压气体管路的重要零件之一,其密封性能关系到气体增压系统能否安全可靠地工作。本文通过连接结构力学分析,对透镜垫结构进行了密封计算并校核了螺栓强度;同时,采用接触非线性有限元方法进行了数值分析,得出了在不同拧紧力矩下的接触面上等效应力和变形分布情况,以及拧紧力矩和密封宽度、密封面积的对应关系。理论分析和数...     

基于流-固耦合的混合火箭发动机固体燃料表面退移速率计算

基于流-固耦合的方法,在充分考虑混合火箭发动机工作过程中诸多复杂物理过程的基础上,建立了一个可适用于不同工作状况下混合火箭发动机固体燃料表面退移速率预示的计算模型。计算结果与实验数据的对比验证了所建立计算模型的准确性。对模型发动机进行模拟的结果表明,混合火箭发动机中的燃烧、流动及固体燃料表面的退移速率具有明显的不均匀性,发动机中的固体燃料表面的退移速率沿轴向近似地呈“W”形状的曲线变化;在混合发动机中,突扩形状的预燃室和补燃室有利于燃料热解气体和氧化剂气体的扩散混合,可以强化对固体燃料表面的换热,提高固体燃为表面的退移速率。     

基于参数化外形的通用大气飞行器建模与分析

提出了一类翼身组合升力体外形通用大气飞行器(Common Aero Vehicle, CAV)的参数化外形建模方法,采用气动工程预估方法计算CAV的气动系数,拟合得到能用于再入飞行器制导与控制仿真的气动模型,并通过分析,得到该模型静稳定性、气动效率及气动控制特性等方面的结论。结合飞行器再入飞行的运动方程,选取平衡工作点,基于小扰动线性化模型得到系统特征根分布来分析其稳定性,发现固定姿态的滑翔飞行时系统有正半平面极点,需主动控制调节;为了分析机动性,提出了以星下点轨迹曲率求取CAV转弯半径的方法,可快速获取机动性评估与参考指标,结果表明,该模型具有较好的转弯机动能力。     

An innovative inertial parameters identification method for non-cooperative space targets based on electrostatic interaction

Inertial characteristics of non-cooperative targets are crucial for space capture and sub-sequent on-orbit servicing.Previous methods for identifying inertial parameters involve proximity operations,which are associated with the risk of collision with non-cooperative targets.This paper introduces a long-range,contactless method for identifying the inertial parameters of a non-cooperative target during the pre-capture phase.Specifically,electrostatic interaction is used as an external excitation to alter the target's motion.A force estimation algorithm that uses measure-ments from visual and potential sensors is proposed to estimate the electrostatic interaction and eliminate the need for force sensors.Furthermore,a recursive estimation-identification framework is presented to concurrently estimate the coupled motion state,weak electrostatic interaction,and inertial parameters of the target.The simulation results show that the proposed method extends the identification distance to 170 times that of the previous method while maintaining high identifica-tion precision for all parameters.     

An optimized time-adaptive aerothermal coupling calculation method for aerothermal analysis of disc cavity system

In order to further achieve the balance between the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the transient analysis of the aero-engine disc cavity system,an Optimized Time-adaptive Aerother-mal Coupling calculation(OTAC)method has been proposed.It combines one-dimensional tran-sient calculation of air system,Conventional Sequence Staggered(CSS)method,Time-adaptive Aerothermal Coupling calculation(TAC)method and differential evolution optimization algorithm to obtain an efficient and high-precision aerothermal coupling calculation method of air system.Considering both the heat conduction in the solid domain and the flow in the fluid domain as unsteady states in the OTAC,the interaction of fluid-solid information within a single coupling time step size was implemented based on the CSS method.Furthermore,the coupling time step size was automatically adjusted with the number of iterations by using the Proportional-Integral-Deri vative(PID)controller.Results show that when compared with the traditional loosely coupling method with a fixed time step size,the computational accuracy and efficiency of the OTAC method are improved by 8.9％and 30％,respectively.Compared with the tight coupling calculation,the OTAC method can achieve a speedup of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude,while the calculation error is maintained within 6.1％.     

Numerical simulation of fluid-thermal-structural coupling characteristics of stratospheric non-rigid airship

The voluminous stratospheric non-rigid airship is very sensitive to the external thermal environment.The temperature change of internal gas caused by the variation in the external ther-mal environment and wind speed will lead to a change in the shape and buoyancy of the airship,thereby affecting its flight control.The traditional static analysis method is difficult to accurately reflect this fluid-thermal-structural coupling process.In this paper,the iterative analysis method was established for the fluid-thermal-structural coupling effect of stratospheric non-rigid airship based on the models of fluid,thermal,and structural deformation.Considering the load such as the internal thermal effect and external flow field of the airship,the simulation of the thermo-induced structural deformation effect was conducted using Fluent and Abaqus software.The influ-ence of local time and external wind speed on the structural deformation,volume,and equilibrium altitude of the airship was analyzed.The results demonstrate that,at low wind speed,the influence of aerodynamic pressure on the deformation of the airship is negligible.However,a great amount of heat is carried away by the wind,then the structural deformation caused by internal and external pressure difference is alleviated and the equilibrium altitude of the airship change obviously.This can serve as a guideline for the design and flight test of the long-endurance stratospheric non-rigid airship.     

不同迎角和速度下充气式返回舱气动性能预测

充气式减速器在高超声速减速过程中承受巨大的气动力和气动热载荷。为优化充气式减速器在复杂载荷下的受力特性,以NASA的IRVE-3项目为原型,建立4种充气圆环外径尺寸的充气式减速器模型,开展Ma=5飞行条件下的单向流−固−热耦合分析,对比气动力载荷、气动热载荷和两载荷叠加等情况下,充气圆环外径尺寸对充气式减速器受力特性和温度分布的影响。结果表明：充气圆环的外径越小,充气式减速器的整体变形越小,温度越高,防热层应力越高;外径越大,充气圆环的应力集中越明显。可见,过大或过小的充气圆环外径尺寸对充气式减速器的受力特性均有负面影响,减速器设计中须针对具体对象综合考量确定。以上研究结果可为未来的充气式减速器设计提供参考。