航天器分子污染返回流计算方法

随着航天器对长寿命、高性能、高可靠要求的不断提高,污染逐渐成为影响任务成功的重要因素之一,数值模拟是评估分子污染的主要手段之一。文章对返回流计算方法进行了总结,详细介绍不同方法的理论基础、计算细节,对每种方法的优缺点、适用性等进行了比较分析。     

Water in Space: The Water World of ISO

In this review we present the main results obtained by the ISO satellite on the abundance and spatial distribution of water vapor in the direction of molecular clouds, evolved stars, galaxies, and in the bodies of our Solar System. We also discuss the modeling of H₂O and the difficulties found in the interpretation of the data, the need of collisional rates and the perspectives that future high angular and high spectral resolution observations of H₂O with the Herschel Space Observatory will open.     

提高RSA安全性的几种方法

RSA是目前数字签名领域中应用最为广泛的算法,本文详细论述了RSA算法的数学原理和实现过程,针对其安全性方面的漏洞和缺陷进行分析,提出了提高RSA算法安全性的参数选择方案与避免攻击的解决办法,最后对RSA的发展趋势做出展望.     

LiHe spectra from brown dwarfs to helium clusters

The detection of Li I lines is the most decisive spectral indicator of substellarity for young brown dwarfs with masses below about 0.06 solar mass. Due to the weakness of the Li resonance lines, it is important to be able to model precisely both their core widths and their wing profiles. This allows an adequate prediction of the mass at which Li lines reappear in the spectra of brown dwarfs for a given age, or reversely an accurate determination of the age of a cluster. We report improved line profiles and the dependence of line width on temperature suitable for modeling substellar atmospheres that were determined from new LiHe molecular potential energies. Over a limited range of density and temperature, comparison with laboratory measurements was used to validate the potential energies which support the spectral line profile theory.     

YTQ-7氧气调节器性能参数调整分析与实验验证

情况下，实验数据通过对YTQ-7氧气调节器供氧浓度调节原理的分析，说明调整氧浓度调节机构后．在高空输入富氧可以达到输入纯氧时的供氧浓度要求。经测试并对比分析YTQ-7氧气调节器调整前后供氧性能参数验证调整后的氧气调节器供氧性能能够满足不同高度下供氧浓度生理学要求。     

星用非金属材料出气物成分及污染光学测试分析

文章利用新研制的分子污染出气物成分检测分析设备,对空间辐射致冷器用的几种星用非金属材料的出气污染物进行测试,分析鉴定材料出气物的成分,确定材料在真空烘烤过程中观察到的各种物质源。利用试验获得的材料出气污染物对光学参数的影响数据,并结合光学效应试验研究结果,进一步得到材料出气引起透镜光学参数变化的结果,为型号设计师提供直接的污染控制依据。     

谈当代大学生的心理困惑

从社会问题、学习、人际交流、情感四个方面分析了目前在技大学生心理矛盾和困惑的表现及原因。     

Exploration life support technology challenges for the Crew Exploration Vehicle and future human missions

As NASA implements the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, life support systems must be provided for an expanding sequence of exploration missions. NASA has implemented effective life support for Apollo, the Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS) and continues to develop advanced systems. This paper provides an overview of life support requirements, previously implemented systems, and new technologies being developed by the Exploration Life Support Project for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) and Lunar Outpost and future Mars missions. The two contrasting practical approaches to providing space life support are (1) open loop direct supply of atmosphere, water, and food, and (2) physicochemical regeneration of air and water with direct supply of food. Open loop direct supply of air and water is cost effective for short missions, but recycling oxygen and water saves costly launch mass on longer missions. Because of the short CEV mission durations, the CEV life support system will be open loop as in Apollo and Space Shuttle. New life support technologies for CEV that address identified shortcomings of existing systems are discussed. Because both ISS and Lunar Outpost have a planned 10-year operational life, the Lunar Outpost life support system should be regenerative like that for ISS and it could utilize technologies similar to ISS. The Lunar Outpost life support system, however, should be extensively redesigned to reduce mass, power, and volume, to improve reliability and incorporate lessons learned, and to take advantage of technology advances over the last 20 years. The Lunar Outpost design could also take advantage of partial gravity and lunar resources.     

AP/RDX/Al/HTPB推进剂用硼酸酯键合剂的合成与应用研究

针对丁羟四组元推进剂存在的工艺性能与力学性能的问题,设计合成了新型硼酸酯键合剂。选用二乙醇胺、1-溴代正丁烷、丙烯腈、冰乙酸为原料,合成了N,N-二羟乙基正丁胺、N-(2-腈乙基)二乙醇胺、N,N-二羟乙基乙酰胺中间体。对二乙醇胺和丙烯腈反应的产物做了红外和气-质联用分析,证实合成产物为目标化合物。利用所合成的中间体及甲基二乙醇胺与硼酸三正丁酯,合成了4种新型硼酸酯键合剂,采用丁羟四组元推进剂配方装药,验证了它们的使用效果。结果表明,新合成的4种键合剂都能明显改善药浆流动流平性,其中BA-3和BA-4具有很好的键合效果,显著提升了推进剂的力学性能。     

自由分子流微电热推力器数值模拟计算

基于微机电系统技术的自由分子流微电热推力器(FMMR)是一种微型电热推力器,它具有集成化程度高、体积小、质量轻、响应速度快、推质比高、可靠性高和易于集成为推进阵列等特点,它在军事和民用微/纳航天器方面有广阔的应用前景。通过建立合理的数学模型,如分子与壁面相互作用模型采用CLL模型,分子模型采用变径硬球模型,分子碰撞对的选取采用取舍方法。采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法结合信息保存法对FMMR的流动特性进行了数值模拟计算和性能计算,并对影响推力器性能的各种因素进行分析。计算和分析结果表明,当采用氩气和水作为推进剂工质,薄膜电阻温度为600K,工作滞止压强为500Pa时,FMMR推进单元的比冲分别为47.900s(1s=9.8N·s/kg)和68.163s,推力为0.158mN,效率为25.8%。通过优化设计、系统集成等可以进一步提高推力器的比冲、推力和效率。