基于等效质量的太空机械臂多体系统碰撞分析

从等效质量角度出发,针对不同的操作环境,提出多体系统离散碰撞动力学建模及连续碰撞动力学建模方法,并分析碰撞对系统造成的影响。首先,由系统动力学方程及能量方程推导出太空机械臂末端等效质量,在此基础上,针对刚/柔环境,分别建立多体系统离散碰撞动力学模型和连续碰撞动力学模型,并针对七种连续碰撞模型提出选取标准,以便更真实地模拟实际碰撞过程。最后,以典型的太空七自由度机械臂为例开展仿真试验,两种方法的对比结果校验了该算法的正确性。     

临近空间高超声速助推-滑翔式轨迹目标跟踪

针对临近空间高超声速、助推-滑翔式轨迹目标跟踪的问题,提出一种经度-纬度-高度坐标系（Longitude-Latitude-Altitude, LLA）下基于目标轨迹特性分析的三维投影跟踪算法。首先,针对临近空间目标在经纬方向上的线性高超声速运动和高度方向上高机动频率运动的不同,将目标量测分别投影到经纬平面和高度方向上,并通过分段跟踪处理,以减小耦合误差对目标跟踪精度的影响;接着,在对目标高超声速特性充分分析的基础上,利用经纬方向上的点迹归并和凝聚处理,以有效解决目标高超声速运动所引起的分裂问题;然后,在对目标高度IMM跟踪的基础上,通过对加速度突变的合理检测和补偿,以进一步实现目标在高度方向上高机动频率运动的可靠跟踪;最后,结合统计学原理,将目标在同一时刻不同跟踪段中的状态估计相关联,以有效实现临近空间高超声速、助推-滑翔式轨迹目标的精确跟踪。仿真结果表明,与现有的临近空间目标跟踪算法相比,该算法具有较高的定位跟踪精度。     

三角平动点附近高阶解在轨道位置保持中的应用

首先给出三角平动点附近的高阶解析解,并计算了三种特殊的运动类型。以日–地+月系三角平动点附近无长周期运动分量的拟周期轨道作为目标轨道,探讨轨道保持问题。针对三角平动点任务的轨道保持问题,我们研究了两种轨道保持策略,分别为多点打靶轨道保持与重构目标轨道的策略。计算中,将轨道控制问题转化为非线性规划问题,并以优化方法求解。仿真表明优化方法在轨道保持问题求解方面非常有效。     

Transition characteristics for a small tail-sitter unmanned aerial vehicle

Research on the transition phase of tail-sitter Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is crucial for trajectory planning and performance analysis. This study focuses on the analysis of the transition characteristics and path of a small dual-rotor tail-sitter UAV, including static and dynamic computations. The system input time delay and actuator dynamics are specifically considered during the dynamic analysis, and these actual physical properties ensure that the computation results are reliable and reasonable. The UAV steady-state limit is obtained through static analysis, which is also adopted to verify the correctness of the dynamic results. In regard to the dynamic analysis, several typical transition approaches are computed based on different initial states and optimization objective functions, and the different computations are applicable under specific task conditions. The off-line dynamic results of the transition path and actuator output sequence could also be adopted as reference values for the transition process during real flight. A comparison of the static and dynamic results illustrates the necessity of combining these two methods for UAV transition characteristic analysis. Furthermore, the UAV conceptual parameters related to the transition path are also studied, and the obtained quantitative characteristics provide feedback for the UAV conceptual design.     

月球采样器摆杆式展开机构动力学特性研究

文章提出了一种适用于无人自主作业的月球采样器的摆杆式展开机构,通过数值仿真分析及试验对该机构在月球低重力场下展开过程中的动力学特性进行了研究,研究结果的对比验证了该展开机构设计的可行性,并提出了优化方案。     

叶尖泄漏流对压气机稳定性影响的数值分析

为研究叶尖泄漏流对稳定性的影响,发展了一种叶尖泄漏涡模型,并且在由课题组开发的TUSIAC(three dimensional and unsteady stall inception analysis code)程序中实现。该程序将转/静子叶排模化为三维激盘,并在无叶区求解三维非定常欧拉方程,黏性的影响通过特性曲线体现,因此对计算资源的要求较低。数值模拟的结果表明:在叶尖间隙的影响下,压气机的性能和稳定裕度均有所下降。叶尖间隙不改变失速先兆的类型,但使得失速团旋转速度加快,周向尺寸减小。所发展的叶尖涡模型能够预测叶尖间隙尺寸对压气机稳定边界与失速起始过程的影响,从而为在设计初期考虑压气机的气动稳定性、并且优化压气机设计,提供了一种较为实用的方法。      

二维跨音速Euler方程分区并行算法

对二维跨音速流动的Euler方程分区算法、并行算法以及多区计算的有效内边界耦合条件进行了探讨,应用Van Leer矢通量分裂方法和一维数组方式,研究了多种区域分解数目的分区计算效率.并行计算中采用"先进先出"的同步控制等待机制,采用纯结点并行编程方式进行了单区、二区和四区并行计算对比,分析了影响并行效率和通讯过载比的主要因素.     

航天嵌入式软件动力学仿真环境的通用软件架构

针对航天嵌入式软件测试环境通用化需求,提出动力学软件的通用化设计方法.基于航天动力学仿真的特点,设计灵活、通用和易于扩展的软件框架、接口数据结构和接口函数,适用于在研型号的所有接口处理方式.该方法在实际型号工作中完成应用,显著提高了动力学软件的研制速度,动力学软件运行稳定,精度满足测试要求.     

高超声速飞行器非线性纵向运动稳定性研究

针对研究高超声速飞行器飞行动力学稳定性时忽略方程非线性影响的问题,建立了保留非线性特征的六自由度动力学方程组和非线性活塞理论耦合模型。研究了初始迎角和活塞理论非线性项对高超声速飞行器纵向稳定性的影响,并在稳定巡航中施加瞬时扰动,分析其姿态响应。仿真结果表明:高超声速飞行器姿态收敛速度比常规低速飞行器慢很多;对迎角施加扰动后,飞行器姿态变化主要影响短周期模态,且偏离平衡位置越远,收敛越快;改变气动力非线性项时,其姿态变化主要影响长周期模态,且收敛较慢;两种扰动均对振荡周期无明显影响。     

Experimental and numerical study of chaff cloud kinetic performance under impact of high speed airflow

To solve the kinetic and diffusion problem of surface-type infrared decoy, multi-chaff kinetic models are established and chaff cloud holistic kinetic performance are analyzed under the impact of high speed airflow in this work. Chaffs rotate rapidly during the motion under the impact of high speed airflow. The rotation speed is correlated with lift, position of pressure center and aerodynamic damping. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to compute the aerodynamic coefficients of chaff. It is found that there exists serious aerodynamic interference which mainly relates to the overlapping area and distance among chaffs during the diffusion of chaff cloud. The chaff wind tunnel test and rocket sled experiment are carried out to verify the credibility of the models in this work. Then, the variation of chaff cloud expectation and extremum are analyzed to achieve the holistic kinetic and diffusing performance of chaff cloud. Simulation results demonstrate that the chaffs diffuse rapidly under the impact of high speed airflow and chaff cloud can be formed rapidly within 0.5?s. The shape of the chaff cloud is similar to cone that forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane and most chaffs focus on the second half.