Effect of Semi-solid Isothermal Heat Treatment on Microstructure of VW63Z Alloy

The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy.     

Investigation of vertical profile of rain microstructure at Ahmedabad in Indian tropical region

The microstructure of rain has been studied with observations using a vertical looking Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at Ahmedabad (23.06°N, 72.62°E), a tropical location in the Indian region. The rain height, derived from the bright band signature of melting layer of radar reflectivity profile, is found to be variable between the heights 4600 m and 5200 m. The change in the nature of rain, classified on the basis of radar reflectivity, is also observed through the MRR. It has been found that there are three types of rain, namely, convective, mixed and stratiform rain, prevailing with different vertical rain microstructures, such as, Drop Size Distribution (DSD), mean drop size, rain rate, liquid water content and average fall speed of the drops at different heights. It is observed that the vertical DSD profile is more inhomogeneous for mixed and stratiform type rain than for convective type rain. It is also found that the large number of drops of size <0.5 mm is present in convective rain whereas in stratiform rain, drops concentration is appreciable up to 1 mm. A comparison of measurements taken by ground based Disdrometer and that from the 200 m level obtained from MRR shows good agreement for rain rate and DSD at smaller rain rate values. The results may be useful for understanding rain structures over this region.     

纳米TiC粉末改性钎料钎焊CBN磨粒的结合界面和磨损特性

采用了Ag-Cu-Ti 合金和纳米 TiC 粉末组成的新型复合钎料钎焊立方氮化硼(CBN)磨粒和工具基体,运用了三维体式显微镜和扫描电镜,研究了CBN磨粒与改性钎料之间的结合体系,包括界面微结构和反应产物,并进行了钎焊磨粒耐磨性试验.试验结果表明:加入的纳米TiC粉末均匀分布在钎料层内,细化了Ag-Cu-Ti合金钎料层的显微组织,有效控制了CBN磨粒与钎料的剧烈反应;磨粒表面化合物均匀致密,确保了CBN磨粒、纳米改性钎料和基体之间的结合强度;钎焊CBN磨粒的磨损形式以磨耗磨损为主,后期出现微小破碎,无磨粒脱落.     

Ti-6Al-4V钛合金激光弯曲成形微观组织研究

以1mm厚Ti-6Al-4V合金薄板为对象,运用光学金相显微镜、电子探针、扫描电子显微镜、氮氢氧联合分析仪、显微维氏硬度计,研究了特定累积线能量下90°弯曲角弯折区显微组织。结果表明,弯折区组织与累积线能量输入有关,当累积线能量在适当范围时,材料堆积增厚,极表层出现轻微复熔铸态组织,上层为板条马氏体α′,中层为针状马氏体α′,底层为长大粗化的(α+β)组织;距表层约0.2mm范围吸收间隙元素强烈致使硬度急剧提高并呈明显梯度;累积线能量输入过大,弯折区出现大面积复熔铸态组织并伴有裂纹产生。     

新型Co基合金Co-9Al-(9-x) W-xMo-2Ta-0.02B的显微组织与高低温力学性能

以新型Co基合金Co-9Al-9W-2Ta-0.02B成分为基础,分别添加了原子分数为2％、4％、6％、9％的Mo元素替代W（分别称2Mo、4Mo、6Mo、9Mo合金,W+Mo的原子分数为9％,无Mo添加的称为0Mo合金）,研究了Mo元素对合金相组成、显微组织形貌、维氏硬度和高低温压缩强度的影响.结果表明铸态合金由Co...     

Ag和稀土Y复合添加对金属间化合物NiAl显微组织的影响

研究了Ag和Y的复合添加对金属间化合物NiAI显微组织的影响。利用非自耗电弧炉制备了三种不同Y和Ag含量（1．0,5．0,10．0质量分数％）的NiAJ合金,其中一组试样进行了高温固溶和时效处理。实验结果表明,随着Y和Ag含量的增加,铸态下的NiAI合金晶粒呈逐渐细化的趋势,并且柱状晶生长方式逐渐演变为典型的糊状凝固方式。EDS和XRD分析表明,晶界处有富Ag、Y相形成;固溶时效后的NiAl合金组织则演变为粗大的等轴晶粒,Y和Ag元素仍然在晶界处偏聚。     

IC10高温合金的微观组织

研究了IC10高温合金的微观组织。研究表明:铸态组织包括γ′和γ,′以及γ γ′共晶相和MC碳化物,其中γ′体积百分数为64%,碳化物相主要是TaC和H fC,碳化物呈骨架状和点状、块状分布,共晶相多为葵花状。热处理后有残留的γ γ′共晶相,碳化物分解并有γ′包覆,γ′相发生球化,晶界上MC分解,并有H fC析出。IC10合金经950℃,3000h长期时效后组织保持稳定,未析出有害的TCP相;长期时效的组织变化表现为γ′的长大和条状化;枝晶间二次析出细小的富H f的MC相;晶界上析出少量的M6C和M23C6。     

Phase Transformation and Microstructure of Ti50Ni48-xFe2Ndx Shape Memory Alloys

The influences of rare earth element Nd on the phase transformation and the microstructure of Ti₅₀Ni_48−xFe₂Nd_x shape memory alloys are investigated by means of electrical resistivity, optical microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that TiNiFe alloys with different Nd contents exhibit two-step martensitic transformation. The start temperature of martensitic transformation increases sharply from 212 K to 267 K when 0.1 at.% Nd is added in, and then decreases gradually if Nd content further increases. The microstructure of TiNiFeNd quaternary alloys consists of TiNi matrix, Ti₂Ni second phase, and Nd₃Ni intermetallic compound. The spherical Nd₃Ni precipitate-particles evenly disperse in the matrix.     

FGH95粉末镍基合金热处理后的微观组织与蠕变性能

通过进行蠕变曲线测定和组织形貌观察,研究了FGH95粉末镍基合金的微观组织结构与蠕变行为。结果表明：合金经高温固溶、盐浴冷却处理后,组织结构是由细小的γ’相弥散分布在γ基体所组成,其细小（Nb,Ti）C碳化物在晶内及沿晶界不连续析出。在试验的温度和施加应力范围内,合金表现出明显的施加温度敏感性,并测算出合金在稳态蠕变期间的蠕变激活能和应力指数分别为Q=542．07kJ／mol和n=14．8。合金在蠕变期间的变形特征是孪晶和位错在晶内发生双取向滑移,其切入γ’相内的〈110〉超位错可分解形成（1／3）〈112〉超肖克莱不全位错＋层错的位错组态,发生孪晶变形的孪晶面为（111）晶面。晶界及沿晶界不连续析出的细小（Nb,Ti）C型碳化物可有效阻碍位错运动,是使合金具有较高抗蠕变能力的主要原因。     

超细AP团聚表征研究

根据实际应用的需要,运用筛分技术和静电分散、分级技术相结合的方法对AP进行分级,采用质量分数对AP团聚状态进行表征。从最大荷质比、分级效率和安全可靠性3个方面确定分散、分级电压,同时将静电分散力与颗粒间范德瓦尔斯力和液桥力进行比较。计算结果表明,分散、分级电压采用6 kV是合理的。最后,从热学性质与实际生产应用两个方面对分级结果进行分析,并将此方法与传统方法进行了比较。结果表明,该方法合理、可靠。