纳卫星散热面与隔热层的联合设计模型与算法

纳卫星的被动热控系统对卫星舱内的温度控制及其有效载荷的可靠工作具有重要意义.散热面与隔热层设计是被动热控设计的两大关键环节.在对其进行传热学分析的基础上,建立了纳卫星散热面面积及隔热层厚度的联合设计模型和求解算法,阐述了应用这一联合设计模型与算法的具体流程,并以一太阳同步轨道纳米卫星为例,在客观分析其轨道热环境特点的基础上,对其散热面面积和隔热层厚度进行了设计计算、结果分析和仿真验证,得出了各设计参数间的制约关系,设计结果的分析及仿真验证表明:采用散热面和隔热层的联合设计可以得到较好的被动热控效果,这一联合设计模型与算法为纳卫星的被动热控系统设计提供了简便的设计计算模型和求解算法.      

微扑翼飞行器驱动机构的设计与动态特性研究

微扑翼飞行器是一种新概念的飞行器,在应用技术上它超出了传统的飞机设计和气动力的研究范畴,同时开创了微机电系统技术(MEMS)在航空领域的应用。微扑翼驱动机构的设计、制作及其动态特性研究是飞行器设计中的关键环节。本文的研究对象是一个静电驱动的胸腔式微扑翼机构,由于这种结构存在着强烈的静电和机械两个物理场的非线性耦合,因此系统的动态特性是非常复杂的。本文从理论上分析了系统奇点的存在与稳定性;在相空间中分析了无阻尼及有阻尼系统的非线性动态特性;研究了初始条件和阻尼对临界拉入电压的影响;最后分析了在不同激励电压信号下系统的响应。所得研究结论对微扑翼驱动机构的设计、制作和应用提供了一定的理论依据。      

利用滚珠丝杠的微动特性实现纳米级定位

对用于超精密机床传动的滚珠丝杠的微动特性进行了实验研究,建立了它的数学模型,并在此基础上,进行了超精密位置伺服控制实验。实验结果表明,利用滚珠丝杠的微动特性可以实现纳米级定位     

微型涡喷发动机顶层设计研究

对微型涡轮喷气发动机的顶层设计问题进行了研究。首先分析了发动机尺寸对性能的影响,揭示了微型发动机推重比具有与尺寸成反比提高的潜力。基于各相关学科近期能达到的技术水平,选择了微型发动机尺寸并提出了初步设计方案。对微型涡喷发动机的压比、燃烧室出口温度和各部件效率等设计参数进行了单变量和双变量分析,得到了这些参数对推力、耗油率等性能的影响规律。提出了一个能简便准确地判断微型发动机顶层设计方案是否能产生推力的判别准则,并得出了高、中、低性能的三种气动热力参数顶层设计方案。      

Recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity

Micro air vehicles (MAVs) have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in areas such as environmental monitoring and homeland security. Flapping wings with suitable wing kinematics, wing shapes, and flexible structures can enhance lift as well as thrust by exploiting large-scale vortical flow structures under various conditions. However, the scaling invariance of both fluid dynamics and structural dynamics as the size changes is fundamentally difficult. The focus of this review is to assess the recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity. It is realized that a variation of the Reynolds number (wing sizing, flapping frequency, etc.) leads to a change in the leading edge vortex (LEV) and spanwise flow structures, which impacts the aerodynamic force generation. While in classical stationary wing theory, the tip vortices (TiVs) are seen as wasted energy, in flapping flight, they can interact with the LEV to enhance lift without increasing the power requirements. Surrogate modeling techniques can assess the aerodynamic outcomes between two- and three-dimensional wing. The combined effect of the TiVs, the LEV, and jet can improve the aerodynamics of a flapping wing. Regarding aeroelasticity, chordwise flexibility in the forward flight can substantially adjust the projected area normal to the flight trajectory via shape deformation, hence redistributing thrust and lift. Spanwise flexibility in the forward flight creates shape deformation from the wing root to the wing tip resulting in varied phase shift and effective angle of attack distribution along the wing span. Numerous open issues in flapping wing aerodynamics are highlighted.     

微型飞行器小展弦比机翼的低雷诺数气动力特性分析

以固定机翼式微型飞行器的气动设计为研究背景,对小展弦比薄机翼的低雷诺数气动力特性进行了数值分析.不可压粘性绕流的求解采用了人工压缩性方法,其中对流项的离散应用了三阶迎风格式.湍流模型为Baldwin-Barth一方程模型.一无弯度薄翼的数值计算结果表明本文的数值方法是成功的.通过数值分析,揭示了弯度和展弦比对气动力特性的影响,也给出了不同弯度机翼流动结构的差别.     

3000TA微量氧分析仪在空分生产中的应用

简述了3000TA微量氧分析仪的工作原理、特点、校准、使用方法及注意事项.     

基于力反馈的挠性接头研磨技术研究

针对动力调谐陀螺挠性接头的薄壁结构尺度小,加工中容易产生变形,容易产生变质层的问题,本文提出基于力反馈的挠性接头研磨加工方法,并根据此法开发了集成多轴研磨加工与二维坐标测量的装置,通过对挠性接头的研磨加工实验,证明该研磨方法能够有效改善零件的表面形貌,去除加工后的变质层.     

Study of aerodynamic and inertial forces of a dovelike flapping-wing MAV by combining experimental and numerical methods

The force-generation mechanism of a dovelike flapping-wing micro air vehicle was studied by numerical simulation and experiment. To obtain the real deformation pattern of the flapping wing, the digital image correlation technology was used to measure the dynamic deformation of the wing. The dynamic deformation data were subsequently interpolated and embedded into the CFD solver to account for the aeroelastic effects. The dynamic deformation data were further used to calculate the inertial forces...     

单曲柄双摇杆扑翼驱动机构的优化设计

微扑翼飞行器在试飞过程中时常发生向左或者向右倾斜栽落的现象,这是由于左右扑翼动作的不完全对称性引起的.由此建立了驱动机构在一个运动周期内左右扑翼角之差和角速度之差的数学模型,并在机械学、仿生学等约束条件下利用模式搜索法对目标函数进行了优化设计.优化前后的参数对比分析和试飞试验均表明:该优化显著增强了微扑翼飞行器的运动对称性.