飞机全动式鸭翼载荷飞行测量技术

根据现代鸭式飞机结构特点及载荷飞行实测要求,提出了在鸭翼大轴外缘选择一个剖面进行测载应变计改装的方法,并采用不同侧应变计以特定方式组成惠斯通电桥,以达到某种应变电桥只对与其对应的载荷敏感,而对其他载荷响应较小的目的,从应变响应上对鸭翼的弯矩、扭矩和剪力载荷进行机械解耦。在载荷校准试验中,左右鸭翼同时对称向上施加校准载荷,利用飞机重量和后机身托架即可平衡加载载荷引起的飞机移动和转动,不需要对飞机进行复杂的约束和固定。通过对校准试验数据的分析,采用多元线性回归方法,建立了鸭翼载荷模型,并对载荷模型进行了验证。选取典型试飞状态,对各种机动情况下鸭翼实测飞行载荷进行了分析研究,给出了鸭翼主要的严重受载状态。     

若干周期性复合材料结构数学均匀化方法的计算精度

数学均匀化方法(MHM)一般需要通过有限元方法(FEM)来实现,摄动阶次和单元阶次直接影响计算结果。在解耦格式中,各阶摄动位移是相应阶次的影响函数和均匀化位移导数的乘积。单元阶次的选取取决于影响函数和均匀化位移的精度要求,而摄动阶次的选取则主要依赖于虚拟载荷的性质和均匀化位移各阶导数的计算精度;针对周期性复合材料杆的静力学问题,在施加不同阶次的载荷时,通过选择合适阶次的单元和摄动阶次得到了精确解。使用类似的方法研究了2D周期性复合材料静力学问题,指出了四边固支作为周期性单胞边界条件以及宏观位移求导精度对计算结果将有很大的影响。强调了二阶摄动对数学均匀化方法计算精度的作用;在数值结果中,应用最小势能原理评估了各阶摄动数学均匀化方法的计算精度,数值比较结果验证了结论的正确性。     

新型高可靠性主燃油控制装置设计仿真研究

为了提高主燃油控制装置的可靠性,在设计方案中增加了泵转换单元和计量转换活门。泵转换单元连接燃油计量子系统和导叶作动子系统,计量转换活门连接主燃油电液伺服阀与热计量电液伺服阀,实现了泵源备份和计量控制备份功能。通过AMESim建立的主燃油控制装置的数学模型对两个新增备份转换装置及功能进行了性能仿真,重点分析了备份切换过程中压力、流量等参数的波动情况。仿真结果表明:泵备份切换和计量备份切换过程引起的燃油波动都能在较短时间内恢复,分别为0.3s和1s。主燃油控制装置在单泵源状态工作时,导叶作动子系统工作正常,对计量燃油子系统的影响极小。     

Dynamics modeling and control of a transport aircraft for ultra-low altitude airdrop

The nonlinear aircraft model with heavy cargo moving inside is derived by using the separation body method, which can describe the influence of the moving cargo on the aircraft attitude and altitude accurately. Furthermore, the nonlinear system is decoupled and linearized through the input–output feedback linearization method. On this basis, an iterative quasi-sliding mode(SM)flight controller for speed and pitch angle control is proposed. At the first-level SM, a global dynamic switching function is introduced thus eliminating the reaching phase of the sliding motion.At the second-level SM, a nonlinear function with the property of ‘‘smaller errors correspond to bigger gains and bigger errors correspond to saturated gains' ' is designed to form an integral sliding manifold, and the overcompensation of the integral term to big errors is weakened. Lyapunovbased analysis shows that the controller with strong robustness can reject both constant and time-varying model uncertainties. The performance of the proposed control strategy is verified in a maximum load airdrop mission.     

空天飞行器制导控制技术研究进展与展望

本文在简要介绍空天飞行器制导控制技术发展情况基础上，针对其典型的任务形态给制导控制技术带来的挑战，分别从动力学建模、轨迹优化与制导、飞行控制与导航等四个方面阐述了制导控制技术中面临的关键技术，并探讨了空天飞行器制导控制技术后续发展方向与思路。     

反向工程中模型重构技术的特点及比较

阐述了反向工程中模型重构的几种方法，对其特点进行了比较，得出了有关结论，并对模型重构技术今后研究方向和难点问题进行了讨论。     

An aviation oxygen supply system based on a mechanical ventilation model

At high altitudes, an Aviation Oxygen Supply System(AOSS) protects pilots from low pressure and hypoxia by continuously providing oxygen corresponding to the pilots' dynamic respiratory properties.An AOSS mainly consists of oxygen supercharging machines which are used in a high-altitude flight cabin to supply pressurized oxygen to pilots.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the airflow dynamic characteristics of an AOSS for safe, continuous, and efficient oxygen supply.In this paper, an AOSS is firstly simplified and considered as a mechanical ventilation system.Then, its corresponding mathematical model is constructed.Next, to verify the mathematical model, a prototype AOSS with a lung simulator is proposed for an experimental study.Afterwards, to build a foundation for the optimization of the AOSS, the airflow dynamic characteristics of an aircraft are analyzed, and the effects of key parameters on the respiration system are researched.Through experimental and simulation studies, it can be concluded that the mathematical model is effective.Subsequently, for stability during the respiration process, we consider setting the equivalent throttling areas of the inspiration and expiration pipelines smaller within certain limits; additionally, an excessively high oxygen supply pressure will disturb smooth airflow, and in a low-pressure environment, the pressure can be 84 cm H_2O lower than the standard atmospheric pressure.This research can be referred to in the design of an oxygen supply system and the study on optimization of airflow dynamic characteristics.     

利用OpenGL建立运动目标体素模型的方法

三维体素模型的建立是运动目标序列图像产生的基础和关键步骤，三维体素模型就是利用计算机系统将运动目标的几何特性在计算机显示器上直观地表示出来。介绍了应用SGI公司的OpenGL三维图形库和微软的MFC基类库在VC 5.0的编程环境中建立运动目标三维体素模型的方法和过程，并以较复杂的静态飞机模型为例进行了模拟实现，得到较好的效果。     

UG13环境下小型钛合金叶轮的造型方法

阐述了利用ＵＧ１３平台，对小型钛合金叶轮的造型方法。并且针对加工小型钛合金整体叶轮过程中变形和回弹的问题，提出了在造型阶段就主动控制负余量的软件补偿方法。该造型及软件补偿方法在航空某型任务小型钛合金叶轮制造中得到应用     

散粒磨粒抛光运动轨迹的分析及数学模型的建立

通过对散粒磨粒抛光过程中的运动轨迹的分析与研究，提出以运动参数为控制因子的磨粒运动轨迹的数学模型，为实现计算机控制抛光过程奠定一定的基础