柔性翼微型飞行器气动特性的实验研究

 柔性翼有望提高微型飞行器(MAV)的抗风能力。为进一步了解柔性翼的气动性能,建立MAV数学模型,并为飞行仿真和飞行控制设计做准备,在低雷诺数风洞中对柔性翼微型飞行器进行了风洞试验,同时采用翼型、机翼平面形状和尺寸大小均相同的刚性翼进行了风洞对比试验。对比结果表明：柔性翼相比于对应的刚性翼,失速迎角较大;柔性翼的最大升力系数较大,但是柔性翼的变形在提高升力的同时也增大了阻力,升阻比的情况较为复杂;在较低雷诺数情况下,柔性翼的纵向静稳定性略优于刚性翼;柔性翼的长周期和短周期模态的衰减特性和阻尼特性略优于刚性翼。     

Vortex structures downstream a lobed nozzle/mixer

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the evolutions of unsteady vortex structures downstream a lobed mixer/nozzle.Anovel dual-plane stereoscopic PIVsystem was used to measure all 3-components of vorticity distributions to revealed both the large-scale streamwise vortices produced by the lobed mixer/nozzle and the Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex structures generated due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities simultaneously and quantitatively for the first time.The instantaneous and the ensemble-averaged vorticity distributions displayed quite different aspects about the evolutions of the unsteady vortex structures.While the ensemble-averaged vorticity distributions indicated the overall effect of the special geometry of the lobed nozzle/mixer on the enhanced mixing process,the instantaneous vorticity distributions elucidated many details about how the enhanced mixing process was conducted.In addition to quantitatively confirming conjectures of previous studies,further insight about the formation,evolution and interaction characteristics of the unsteady vortex structures downstream of the lobed mixer/nozzle were also uncovered quantitatively in the present study.      

前置肋片对凹槽火焰稳定器混合特性的影响

将前置肋片结构应用于超声速凹槽火焰稳定器中,数值模拟研究了前置肋片对凹槽火焰稳定器混合特性的影响.结果表明:与传统结构相比,在凹槽稳定器中加入前置肋片,能减小总压损失,增大凹槽内外喷口的穿透深度,并获得更为均匀燃料分布,有利于燃烧组织.      

超临界压力下航空煤油水平管内对流换热特性数值研究

采用RNG(renormalization group)k-ε湍流模型和近壁区的Wolfstein一方程模型对超临界压力下大庆RP-3航空煤油在水平圆管内的流动和换热特性进行了数值研究.超临界压力下,由于航空煤油在拟临界点附近热物性的剧烈变化,浮升力将引起显著的二次流动.二次流动使得水平圆管的下表面湍流强度和对流换热增强,而上表面的湍流强度和对流换热减弱.最后分析了两种水平管内对流换热受浮升力影响判别标准在超临界流体中的适用性.      

前缘缝翼开口分段对增升装置气动特性的影响

为了研究高升力系统中开口分段的前缘缝翼对增升装置气动特性的影响,对不同构型生成结构化网格,及其流场进行了大量的数值模拟。在同等状态下,结合不同构型的计算结果,分析了开口分段的前缘缝翼对增升装置气动特性的影响。研究表明,机翼失速不仅与开口宽度有关,而且与前缘缝翼上的开口位置有关。     

战斗机边条翼大迎角涡升力研究

利用求解(翼身组合体)欧拉方程的数值计算方法，对边条翼布局飞机的气动力特性进行了研究，计算并分析了边条翼对机翼表面压力分布的影响规律以及对全机升力特性尤其是大迎角升力特性的影响。最后，给出了带边条翼战斗机大迎角涡升力特性的研究结论。     

凹坑强化传热的研究进展回顾

基于涡流发生的凹坑强化换热是一种新型高效的强化换热和冷却技术,其主要特点是传热强度大,流动阻力小,综合传热性能高.通过近十年来凹坑强化换热研究工作的回顾,介绍凹坑壁面的换热阻力特性和涡流结构,并讨论凹坑形状、深度和雷诺数等参数的影响.通过介绍凹坑在旋转通道、圆管和冲击耙面等不同情况下的换热阻力特性,以及与肋等的综合传热性能对比,旨在说明凹坑是一种很具潜力的新型强化换热结构,具有十分广泛的应用前景.      

Experimental Investigation on Performance of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine Model

The PDRE test model used in these experiments utilized kerosene as the fuel, oxygen as oxidizer, and nitrogen as purge gas. The solenoid valves were employed to control intermittent supplies of kerosene, oxygen and purge gas. PDRE test model was 50 mm in inner diameter by 1.2 m long. The DDT （deflagration to detonation transition） enhancement device Shchelkin spiral was used in the test model. The effects of detonation frequency on its time-averaged thrust and specific impulse were experimentally investigated. The obtained results showes that the time-averaged thrust of PDRE test model was approximately proportional to the detonation frequency. For the detonation frequency 20 Hz, the time-averaged thrust was around 107 N, and the specific impulse was around 125 s. The nozzle experiments were conducted using PDRE test model with three traditional nozzles. The experimental results obtained demonstrated that all of those nozzles could augment the thrust and specific impulse. Among those three nozzles, the convergent nozzle had the largest increased augmentation, which was approximately 18%, under the specific condition of the experiment.     

共轴刚性旋翼高速直升机风洞试验研究综述

共轴刚性旋翼高速直升机是下一代直升机发展的重点构型之一,风洞试验是突破其中关键空气动力学技术、推动该构型直升机从原理验证走向型号研制所依赖的重要手段。文中对国内外共轴刚性旋翼试验设施及相关风洞试验进行了介绍,综述了共轴刚性旋翼升力偏置、流场显示与测量、桨毂减阻、推进螺旋桨和机身气动特性等技术领域的试验研究概况及主要成果。结合国内外研究现状,对中国共轴刚性旋翼高速直升机在风洞试验设备建设、研究能力拓展以及试验结果应用等方向的发展提出了思考。     

尾旋模型自由飞试验的尺度效应问题初探

本文论述了研究尾旋模型自由飞试验所出现的尺度效应问题,对建立模型自由飞试验与飞机飞行试验之间相关性有重要意义;分析了尺度效应对模型自由飞失速/尾旋试验的影响;提出了一种考虑模型自由飞失速/尾旋试验尺度效应的工程估算方法。