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91.
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《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(7):1701-1713
Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are common features of the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere and are known to cause radio wave scintillation which leads to the degradation of communication and navigation systems. Although these structures have been studied for decades, a full understanding of their evolution and dynamics remains important for space weather mitigation purposes. In this study, we present cases of EPBs occurrences around April and July 2012 geomagnetic storm periods over the African equatorial sector. The EPBs were observed from the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) and generally correlated well to the ionospheric irregularities observed from the Global Positioning System total electron content (GPS-TEC) measurements (rate of TEC change, ROT). This study revealed that the evolution of the EPBs during moderate storms is controlled by the strength of the daytime equatorial electrojet (EEJ) currents regardless of the strength of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), the latter is observed during the July storm case in particular. These effects were more evident during the main and part of the early recovery phases of the geomagnetic storm days considered. However, the evening hours TEC gradients between regions of the magnetic equator and ionization crests also played roles in the existence of ionospheric irregularities. 相似文献
93.
Vladimir Pines Marianna ZlatkowskiArnon Chait 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
We present a general self-consistent kinetic theory for plasma sheath formation in solar wind plasma. The theory could be applied to anisotropic, as well as to isotropic collisionless plasma without resorting to any simplifications, limitations, or assumptions, such as the necessary existence of a ‘pre-sheath’ region of ions acceleration to ensure the Bohm criterion. The kinetic framework is first applied to sheath formation around an arbitrary oriented planar absorbing surface, charged by solar wind anisotropic plasma, under the condition of negligible photoelectric effect. We then make use of our kinetic approach for the plane geometry in isotropic collisionless plasma, as a particular case of a planar electrode orientation parallel to plasma streaming velocity, also analyzing the sheath structure around spherical and cylindrical absorbing electrodes submerged in isotropic collisionless plasma. Obtained results demonstrate principal differences in spatial charge distributions in sheath regions between spherical or cylindrical electrodes of large size and an unbound planar surface submerged in isotropic plasma. In the case of a planar electrode, we directly compare results obtained in our kinetic and hydrodynamic theories and conventional hydrodynamic theory of plasma sheath formation. The outcome from the present study have direct implications to the analysis of plasma sheath structure and associated distribution in space of charged dust grains, which is relevant to the moon exploration near the optical terminator region or in shadowed craters in the moon. 相似文献
94.
Chang Tom Tam Sunny W.Y. Wu Cheng-Chin Consolini Giuseppe 《Space Science Reviews》2003,107(1-2):425-445
The first definitive observation that provided convincing evidence indicating certain turbulent space plasma processes are in states of ‘complexity’ was the discovery of the apparent power-law probability distribution of solar flare intensities. Recent statistical studies of complexity in space plasmas came from the AE index, UVI auroral imagery, and in-situ measurements related to the dynamics of the plasma sheet in the Earth's magnetotail and the auroral zone. In this review, we describe a theory of dynamical ‘complexity’ for space plasma systems far from equilibrium. We demonstrate that the sporadic and localized interactions of magnetic coherent structures are the origin of ‘complexity’ in space plasmas. Such interactions generate the anomalous diffusion, transport, acceleration, and evolution of the macroscopic states of the overall dynamical systems. Several illustrative examples are considered. These include: the dynamical multi- and cross-scale interactions of the macro-and kinetic coherent structures in a sheared magnetic field geometry, the preferential acceleration of the bursty bulk flows in the plasma sheet, and the onset of ‘fluctuation induced nonlinear instabilities’ that can lead to magnetic reconfigurations. The technique of dynamical renormalization group is introduced and applied to the study of two-dimensional intermittent MHD fluctuations and an analogous modified forest-fire model exhibiting forced and/or self-organized criticality [FSOC] and other types of topological phase transitions. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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文章介绍了航天器磁力矩器在低轨道等离子体环境中的一些效应。以某型号卫星为例,计算了某型号磁力矩器产生的磁场,分析了等离子体在磁力矩器产生的磁场中的运动状态。经过建模计算,磁力矩器周围等离子体中的电子将在磁力矩器两端往复运动,而距离磁力矩器较远的电子将聚集在磁力矩器的两端附近。 相似文献
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利用子午工程富克站(19.5°N, 109.1°E)全天空气辉成像仪、VHF雷达、三亚站(18.4°N, 109.6°E)数字测高仪及C/NOFS卫星观测数据,对2014年3月30日中国上空的等离子体泡进行了研究。结果表明,当天夜间观测到一个等离子体泡群,约由9个等离子体泡组成,发生在日落后,一直持续到午夜后。其自西向东运动,南北向最大尺度超过1200 km,东西向绵延超过1400 km,在演化中部分结构融合在一起。等离子体泡被气辉成像仪观测到的同时,数字测高仪及VHF雷达观测到了相应扩展F及羽毛状不规则结构。同时,C/NOFS卫星检测到相应电子密度耗散。这表明,该等离子体泡同时被地基光学观测、无线电探测及C/NOFS卫星观测到。研究结果给出了多仪器同时观测到的等离子体泡群演化过程,丰富了多仪器融合研究电离层不规则体的内容。 相似文献
99.
新型高温/超高温热障涂层及制备技术研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简单介绍了先进航空发动机高温/超高温热障涂层(TBCs)的研究背景、意义和现状;简述了近年来国际上在新一代超高温TBCs方面的研究进展。重点介绍了近年来北京航空航天大学在新型高温/超高温TBCs方面的研究成果,包括新型超高温、高隔热陶瓷隔热层材料,1 150℃以上新型抗高温氧化金属粘结层材料,以及电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)、等离子体激活EB-PVD(PA EB-PVD)和等离子物理气相沉积(PS-PVD)等新型制备工艺。最后对TBCs在未来高性能航空发动机上的应用及发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
100.
设计了一种石英夹层感性耦合等离子体(ICP)隐身天线罩模型,采用有限元与Z变换时域有限差分(ZT-FDTD)联合仿真的方法,建立了ICP放电的流体模型,得到不同气压及功率下与电磁散射相关的电子密度空间分布,在此基础上建立Z变换时域有限差分法模型,对石英夹层等离子体隐身天线罩的宽频段后向散射进行计算,同时利用微波干涉法及XFDTD软件对算法及程序进行验证。结果表明:感性耦合等离子体可产生较高密度等离子体,能有效实现雷达散射截面(RCS)的减缩,在气压为2 Pa时,碰撞衰减较弱,等离子体密度分布较均匀,衰减带宽集中在等离子体振荡频率附近,功率增加会使衰减峰值向高频方向移动,气压为20 Pa时,碰撞衰减增强,且等离子体密度分布有较大梯度,衰减带宽有效增加,同时RCS曲线的波动特性加强。 相似文献