Chaos and multifractals in the solar wind

By using the false-nearest-neighbours method, we have argued that the deterministic component of solar wind plasma dynamics should be low-dimensional. In fact, the results we have obtained using the method of topological embedding indicate that the behaviour of the solar wind can be approximately described by a low-dimensional chaotic attractor in the inertial manifold, which is a subspace of system phase space. We have also shown that the multifractal spectrum of the solar wind attractor is consistent with that for the multifractal measure of the self-similar generalized weighted Cantor set with two different scaling parameters and one probability measure parameter responsible for nonuniform compression in phase space and multifractality. The values of the parameters fitted also demonstrate that the complex solar wind system could only be weakly non-conservative (small dissipation) and quantify nonlinear dynamics; some parts of the attractor in phase space are visited much more frequently than other parts. In addition, to quantify the multifractality of space plasma intermittent turbulence, we consider that generalized Cantor set also in the context of scaling properties of solar wind turbulence. We investigate the resulting multifractal spectrum of a one-dimensional phenomenological model of turbulence cascade depending on its parameters, especially for asymmetric scaling. In particular, we have shown that intermittent pulses are stronger for the cascade model with two different scaling parameters. Even thought solar wind turbulence appears to be rather space filling, a better agreement with the data is obtained, especially for the negative index of generalized dimensions. Therefore we argue that there is a need to use a two-scale asymmetric cascade model. We hope that this generalized multifractal model will be a useful tool for analysis of intermittent turbulence in space plasmas. We thus believe that fractal analysis of chaotic systems could lead us to a deeper understanding of their nature, and maybe even to predict their seemingly unpredictable behaviour.     

基于唯象模型的等离子激励诱导流场数值模拟

通过在Navier-Stokes方程组中添加体积力源项的方法,模拟了二维不可压流中等离子体激励器对周围流场的诱导作用.计算结果表明等离子体激励器在其下游会产生一股贴近物面的壁面射流,该射流各截面的速度型、最大速度衰减、射流宽度增长等均与典型的层流射流(壁面射流或二维狭缝射流)一致,表明等离子体激励对周围中性流体的诱导是一种势流影响.最后通过积分得到了等离子体诱导壁面射流的吹气系数,通过与传统吹气流动控制技术比较,指出目前等离子体激励产生的壁面射流吹气系数较小,仅适用于低速条件下的流动控制.     

活性粒子对H_2/Air混合物燃烧的影响

建立H2/Air混合物燃烧的化学动力学模型,计算与分析了在非平衡等离子体条件下,气体放电产生的活性粒子(O,H)和活性基(OH)在不同当量比下对参与燃烧的组分以及温度和压力的影响,为航空发动机燃烧室等离子体助燃(PAC)实验研究和实际应用提供理论依据.计算结果表明等离子体助燃可以提高反应效率、燃烧温度和火焰传播速率,减少燃烧上升时间,强烈影响H2/Air混合物燃烧.     

Experimental Investigation into Characteristics of Plasma Aerodynamic Actuation Generated by Dielectric Barrier Discharge

This article carries out synthetic measurements and analysis of the characteristics of the asymmetric surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma aerodynamic actuation.The rotational and vibrational temperatures of an N2 (C3Пu) molecule are measured in terms of the optical emission spectra from the N2 second positive system.A simplified collision-radiation model for N2(C) and N2+(B) is established on the basis of the ratio of emission intensity at 391.4 nm to that at 380.5 nm and the ratio of emission intensity at 371.1 nm to that at 380.5 nm for calculating temporal and spatial averaged electron temperatures and densities.Under one atmosphere pressure,the electron temperature and density are on the order of 1.6 eV and 1011cm-3 respectively.The body force induced by the plasma aerodynamic actuation is on the order of tens of mN while the induced flow velocity is around 1.3m/s.Starting vortex is firstly induced by the actuation;then it develops into a near-wall jet,about 70 mm downstream of the actuator.Unsteady plasma aerodynamic actuation might stimulate more vortexes in the flow field.The induced flow direction by nanosecond discharge plasma aerodynamic actuation is not parallel,but vertical to the dielectric layer surface.     

电弧推力器约束通道内流动特性数值模拟

约束通道对电弧推力器的性能有着重要的影响,文章采用基于局域热力学模型（LTE）的数值模拟方法对中等功率电弧推力器内等离子体流动进行了数值模拟,考察了电流、入口压力、约束通道尺寸及不同推进剂对约束通道内等离子体流动的影响,分析了约束通道内非均匀流动现象,最后对推力器的性能、效率等进行了讨论。计算结果表明,随着电流的增加电弧高温区变粗变长,随着入口压强的增加电弧高温区半径减小而长度增加,随着约束通道半径的减小电弧高温区变得细长,随着约束通道长度的增加高温区的长度增长而半径无明显变化,氢气的高温区明显小于氮气和氩气;约束通道内只有小部分气体通过高温区被电离,大部分气体沿着壁面附近的低温区流动;约束通道内焦耳热约占总焦耳热的60%~80%,主要受约束通道长度影响。     

等离子体点火用高压电源设计方法研究

根据等离子体点火对高压直流电源的要求,选用具有电容型滤波器的LCC串并联谐振变换器为主电路拓扑结构,针对电感电流连续模式下的谐振变换器,在对其工作原理分析的基础上,用基波近似法推导出变换器的稳态模型,建立了变换器的等效电路,并给出了便于工程设计的电路的数学描述.通过研究各参数对电路性能所造成的影响,设计最优化的参数以保证开关管在全负载范围内实现零电压开关,有效降低了开关管的热损耗.详细介绍了电源系统的组成和电路参数的设计方法,针对该设计方案,通过仿真结果证实了理论分析的正确性.     

脉冲放电等离子体控制火箭发动机高频燃烧不稳定性机理

为研究等离子体对火箭发动机高频燃烧不稳定性的影响,提出了一种基于脉冲激励准直流放电等离子体的控制方案,采用数值仿真方法研究了脉冲放电等离子体对燃烧室流场平均参数及动态特征的影响规律。结果表明:脉冲激励下燃烧室平均温度和压力都较定常激励下有所降低,对整个燃烧室的影响可以忽略。与定常激励相似,等离子体可以在一段时间内抑制高频压力振荡,而且在特定控制参数下其对不稳定燃烧的抑制效果优于定常激励方式;从功率谱密度分析可知脉冲激励下燃烧室压力振荡特征频率由燃烧室固有声学频率和脉冲激励频率两者共同决定,提高激励频率则特征频率幅值有所降低。脉冲激励方式与定常激励一样不改变燃烧室压力-释热耦合特征,但是通过降低释热率能够改变压力振荡幅值,进而实现对高频不稳定燃烧的抑制。在所研究工况中,激励频率为50 kHz、占空比为20%的脉冲控制参数下等离子体的抑制效果最佳。      

空间等离子体引起的高电压太阳阵之弧光放电

简单介绍了空间等离子体引起的高电压太阳阵（ＨＶＳＡ）之弧光放电的研究现状。利用已有的一些实验数据及Ｈａｓｔｉｎｇｓ的扩展理论进行了应用ＨＶＳＡ计算，得出了飞弧概率随工作电压增加而增大，随空间环境等离子体流增高而增大的合理结果。     

各向异性磁流体激波跃变关系的无量纲化求解

用无量纲化方法，推出了各向压力异性等离子体中磁流体激波跃变条件及其解析解的一种普遍而简单的形式，并讨论了它在各向同性等离子体中各种特殊情况下的结果．     

在强干扰和中分辨率条件下用氮分子第一负系（O，O）带测量转动温度

本文介绍了在强干扰和中分辨率条件下，用氮分子第一负系（Ｏ，Ｏ）带测量转动温度的相对子带积分强度方法。