倾斜射流撞壁实验研究及液膜几何参数建模

倾斜射流撞壁在液体火箭发动机液膜冷却、射流撞壁雾化等领域具有广泛的应用。为了研究倾斜射流撞击壁面后形成的液膜的关键特征，开展单股圆柱射流撞击壁面的实验研究。从实验中研究各射流参数对液膜外形的影响规律，继而开展理论建模，获取液膜外形的关键几何参数表达式。实验研究发现随着射流倾角增大，液膜长度减小而宽度增大，随着射流孔径和射流速度增大液膜长度和宽度均增大这一定性规律。理论分析得到了液膜最大宽度位置与液膜对称面的夹角近似等于射流倾角α，液膜的长宽比近似等于1+cot α。通过进一步分析得到液膜宽度、最大宽度距撞击点的距离、液膜长度这几个液膜关键参数的表达式。建立的液膜几何参数表达式预测结果与实验结果的误差均在20%以内。     

Uncertainty propagation for statistical impact prediction of space debris

Predictions of the impact time and location of space debris in a decaying trajectory are highly influenced by uncertainties. The traditional Monte Carlo (MC) method can be used to perform accurate statistical impact predictions, but requires a large computational effort. A method is investigated that directly propagates a Probability Density Function (PDF) in time, which has the potential to obtain more accurate results with less computational effort. The decaying trajectory of Delta-K rocket stages was used to test the methods using a six degrees-of-freedom state model. The PDF of the state of the body was propagated in time to obtain impact-time distributions. This Direct PDF Propagation (DPP) method results in a multi-dimensional scattered dataset of the PDF of the state, which is highly challenging to process. No accurate results could be obtained, because of the structure of the DPP data and the high dimensionality. Therefore, the DPP method is less suitable for practical uncontrolled entry problems and the traditional MC method remains superior. Additionally, the MC method was used with two improved uncertainty models to obtain impact-time distributions, which were validated using observations of true impacts. For one of the two uncertainty models, statistically more valid impact-time distributions were obtained than in previous research.     

Investigations of tip-jet and exhaust jet development in a ducted fan

The major aim of this work is to investigate the tip-jet and exhaust jet development in a ducted fan as well as the impact on the fan’s performance. The flow field of the ducted fans under the solidity varied from 0.2 to 0.7 are simulated by using the shear-stress transport k-ω turbulence model with a refined high-quality structured grid. The exhaust jet trajectory, expanding range and the flow intersection of the jet and mainstream in the blade passage are analyzed. As the results suggest, the flow direction of the exhaust jet is deflected by the downwash and Coanda effect. The major decay region of the exhaust jet can extend at least 2 times the blade chord downstream from the blade trailing edge. The blade circulation is impacted by the tip-jet rather than the exhaust jet from the upstream when the blade tip pitch angle is 8°, and the fan solidity is less than 0.7. The blade tip thrust is reduced by the interruption from the exhaust jet when the blade tip pitch angle is 2°, and the fan solidity is larger than 0.3.     

公务机预见性航线维修管理

持续分析和监督系统（CASS）是持续适航维修方案（CAMP）的十大要素之一，目的是监督和改进持续适航维修方案的效能，属于安全管理范畴。本文阐述了持续分析与监督系统在公务机航线维修管理的应用与实践效果。     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

潜艇应急燃气吹除过程的数值仿真及实验验证

进行了潜艇应急燃气吹除系统的小比例模型原理实验,模拟了水下100 m深度时燃气吹除的排水性能与规律以及燃气吹除过程中的主要性能参数变化情况.建立了模拟小比例实验吹除过程的物理模型,应用结构化六面体网格对其两相流体流动区域进行了计算区域的离散化,并对100m海水深度下的燃气吹除过程进行了数值仿真计算,得到了对燃气泡成长规律的描述,深化了对排水过程机理的认识.仿真结果与实际情况的实验结果十分吻合,混合气体压力和排水总体积的相对误差均不超过5%,验证了数值仿真方法的可行性.     

横向喷流干扰/控制研究进展

横向喷流与飞行器的推进、机动、分离、防热和隐身等问题密切相关.笔者简要分析了横向喷流干扰流动的特点和研究重点,对国内外研究现状和进展进行了综述,分析了目前仍面临的主要技术困难和制约研究成果工程化的主要因素,并提出了发展和完善相关试验技术的建议.     

斜出口合成射流激励器横流输运特性与边界层控制

研制了一种斜出口合成射流(BSJ)激励器,应用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术获得了合成射流的瞬态和时均流动结构,分析比较了斜出口和常规平直出口激励器流场的异同。该斜出口激励器能将周围气体进行有方向的能量和质量输送控制,时均流场呈现沿壁面的横向流动输运特性。解释了横向流动输运的形成机理,并应用该激励器进行了边界层控制实验。研究结果表明:通过改变激励器的工作电压和频率,可方便有效地实现对平板边界层速度型的调控,使受控边界层速度型更"饱满",这对控制推迟边界层分离非常有利。     

受限浸没射流阵列冲击针肋热沉的传热特性

以去离子水为工质,对受限浸没射流阵列冲击矩形针肋热沉的传热特性进行了实验研究.讨论了热沉几何参数和射流雷诺数对传热特性的影响规律.结果表明:针肋高度直接影响换热能力,但并非越高越好;热沉传热特性受针肋宽度与肋间距影响较大,Nu在0.625≤W/G≤1.000内呈塔型分布;Nu在2.5≤H/d≤10.0之间不断下降;S/d在3.00~4.50之间,Nu随S/d的增大单调递增,但Re增大到4000后,换热性能与S/d基本无关;S/d在4.50~7.00之间,Nu随S/d的增大单调递减;热沉的热阻随泵功的增大而降低,但变化渐趋平缓.      

倾转旋翼机传动系统动态效率研究

根据倾转旋翼机发动机短舱内的传动系统结构,建立了其弯-扭耦合动力学模型和相应的动力学方程.求解动力学方程得到了三种飞行状态下的动态响应,根据动态响应计算了齿轮齿面上的动载荷和各部件的横向动载荷.基于动载荷,提出了齿面动态摩擦损失功率和轴承动态损失功率的计算方法,以及倾转旋翼机传动系统动态效率的计算方法.计算了在三种飞行状态下传动系统的动态效率,分析了三种飞行状态下参数对传动系统动态效率的影响,为高效率倾转旋翼机传动系统的设计奠定了基础.