计算流体力学非结构混合网格高精度格式研究现状

介绍了航空CFD技术中的非结构混合网格高精度格式的基本理论和方法,国内外研究现状,几种非结构混合网格高精度格式。     

Theoretical aspects of selecting repeated unit cell model in micromechanical analysis using displacement-based finite element method

Repeated Unit Cell(RUC)is a useful tool in micromechanical analysis of composites using Displacement-based Finite Element(DFE)method,and merely applying Periodic Displacement Boundary Conditions(PDBCs)to RUC is almost a standard practice to conduct such analysis.Two basic questions arising from this practice are whether Periodic Traction Boundary Conditions(PTBCs,also known as traction continuity conditions)are guaranteed and whether the solution is independent of selection of RUCs.This paper presents the theoretical aspects to tackle these questions,which unify the strong form,weak form and DFE method of the micromechanical problem together.Specifically,the solution’s independence of selection of RUCs is dealt with on the strong form side,PTBCs are derived from the weak form as natural boundary conditions,and the validity of merely applying PDBCs in micromechanical Finite Element(FE)analysis is proved by referring to its intrinsic connection to the strong form and weak form.Key points in the theoretical aspects are demonstrated by illustrative examples,and the merits of setting micromechanical FE analysis under the background of a clear theoretical framework are highlighted in the efficient selection of RUCs for Uni Directional(UD)fiber-reinforced composites.     

船舶燃机电机混合动力控制方法

在对现有混合动力控制系统进行研究的基础上,提出了新型的燃气轮机和异步电机混合动力系统。采用模块化的设计方法,建立了燃气轮机、异步电机、S.S.S.离合器、并车齿轮箱、并车控制器和螺旋桨等部件的数学模型,进而构建了整个系统的仿真模型。利用外特性法建立了燃气轮机的仿真模型;采用电流滞环跟踪 PWM方法建立了异步电机仿真模型,实现了弱磁调速;建立了 S.S.S.离合器的可靠的仿真模型,能够研究并车时的冲击;设计了 2种推进方式投切策略,实现了混合动力仿真;设计了并车控制器以实现并车过程调节。对混合动力控制策略和并车过程进行了仿真,结果表明所提出的混合动力系统能够正常工作,并车控制器工作较好,并车策略有效,能够减小并车过程中的冲击。     

基于虚拟正交试验的压气机叶轮轴-毂径向微动特性研究

用Pro/E建立压气机叶轮轴-毂三维模型,利用ANSYS软件采用子结构结合网格随移技术的分析方法,建立其有限元模型。采用虚拟正交试验方法对压气机叶轮轴-毂进行仿真,得出过盈量、摩擦系数、转速对最大单位摩擦功和平均摩擦功影响显著性次序及影响规律,得到最优组合。结果表明,模拟及正交试验优化结果准确、可靠,有效地降低了摩擦磨损程度,对实际装配过程具有一定的指导作用。     

基于晶体塑性理论的疲劳裂纹起始数值模拟

在疲劳荷载作用早期,材料在晶体尺度出现裂纹的萌生,为了研究疲劳短裂纹的发展,利用Monte Carlo法建立了多晶体晶粒集合的Voronoi有限元模型,并在Ansys Usermat子程序接口下编写了晶体塑性本构方程子程序,修正了以拉伸硬化为主的疲劳裂纹起裂的计算机模拟方法,并结合TANAKA和MURA的位错偶极子模型,模拟了晶粒集合在疲劳荷载作用下的裂纹萌生,最后与文献实验数据对比,这一修正的方法更加符合实验结果和宏观现象.     

Advances and trends in plastic forming technologies for welded tubes

With the implementation of environmental protection, sustainable development and conservation-oriented policies, components and parts of thin-walled welded tubes have gained increasing application in the aircraft and automotive industries because of their advantages: easily achieving forming and manufacturing process at low cost and in a short time. The current research on welded tube plastic forming is mainly concentrated on tube internal high-pressure forming, tube bending forming, and tube spinning forming. The focuses are on the material properties and characterization of welded tubes, finite element modeling for welded tube forming, and inhomogeneous deformation behavior and the mechanism and rules of deformation coordination in welded tube plastic forming. This paper summarizes the research progress in welded tube plastic forming from these aspects. Finally, with a focus on the urgent demand of the aviation, aerospace and automotive industries for high-strength and light-weight tubes, this paper discusses the development trends and challenges in the theory and technology of welded tube plastic forming in the future. Among them,laser tailor-welded technology will find application in the manufacture of high-strength steel tubes.Tube-end forming technology, such as tube flaring and flanging technology, will expand its application in welded tubes. Therefore, future studies will focus on the FE modeling regarding how to consider effects of welding on residual stresses, welding distortions and microstructure, the inhomogeneous deformation and coordination mechanism of the plastic forming process of tailor-welded tubes, and some end-forming processes of welded tubes, and more comprehensive research on the forming mechanism and limit of welded tubes.     

金属弹簧管性能影响因素的仿真分析

为了研究高温密封组件金属弹簧性能,本文通过对波音公司编网状弹簧管结构和Streck心脏支架结构的研究,建立了编织弹簧的几何拓扑构型和数学模型,推导了弹簧直径计算公式。采用AUTODESK3D-MAX构建了编织弹簧的仿真模型,用ANSYS仿真软件分别从编织丝直径、编织密度以及编织方法 3方面探究不同测试对弹簧性能的影响。结果表明,增加弹簧丝直径、降低弹簧管轴向方向的编织密度、提高圆周方向的编织密度、向外的弹簧管编织方式可有效提高弹簧管的回弹性能。     

基于RANS/LES混合方法的分离流动模拟

飞行器在大迎角、快速俯仰机动时,流场中含有大尺度、非定常的涡结构,传统雷诺平均Navier-Stokes （RANS）模型不能准确模拟流场结构,根据国际上相关研究的发展趋势,需要采用混合RANS/大涡模拟（LES）模型来对复杂分离流动进行准确模拟。本文对基于分区混合与湍流尺度混合的双重RANS/LES混合计算模型进行发展与应用。通过典型简化模型的静、动态湍流大分离流动,测试和验证所采用的脱体涡模拟（DES）类方法,重点研究改进的延迟DES （IDDES）模型在动态问题应用中的正确性和有效性,并对所采用的数值模拟方法和相应的计算软件的可靠性、鲁棒性以及精度进行了考核验证。典型算例包括超声速圆柱底部流动、跨声速方腔流动、NACA0015机翼深失速分离涡模拟等。计算表明：发展的IDDES类混合计算模型可有效解决对数层不匹配的问题;对于定态非定常分离流动,DES、DDES、IDDES等模型计算结果差别不大,随着流动的非定常特性增强,IDDES模型的优势逐渐显现;对于动态非定常分离流动,则需要采用IDDES类模型。     

带非线性支撑的转子有限元模型求解方法

用数值方法研究了非线性支撑的柔性转子系统的动学行为,提出了一种将有限元与非线性支撑结合的模型和求解方法。利用有限元法(FEM)构建转轴和转盘部分的模型,通过矩阵进行组合;利用离散元方法对包含滚动轴承和挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD)的支撑部分进行建模,此部分包含4个单元,分别为轴承内圈、外圈、SFD内圈和支撑鼠笼。有限元部分和离散元部分通过轴端节点相连,仿真过程中轴端位移传递给非线性支撑部分,支撑部分通过位移计算得到的非线性力反过来作用于有限元转子轴端部分。为了耦合求解有限元转子和非线性支撑组成的数学模型,提出了一种综合的迭代求解方法,克服传统的有限元求解方法对轴端隐性非线性支撑的求解局限性。由于转轴部分采用了Timoshenko梁单元建模,对比与简单转子模型,可以考虑陀螺力矩和轴的柔性特征,更能体现非线性支撑对振动真实影响。在建立的20个轴单元的有限元转子模型中,非线性响应更多体现在靠近非线性支撑的节点1和节点21处,响应频谱中靠近轴端的节点能体现出滚动轴承的2倍和3倍变柔振动频率。     

潜入式喷管喉衬界面间隙优化设计

为了解决固体火箭发动机潜入式喷管喉衬在热载荷与内压联合作用下界面间隙优化问题,数值模拟方法求解了喷管热结构响应.采用流体仿真软件,计算了潜入式喷管流动过程的稳态流场,获取了高温燃气流动参数与固体壁面对流换热系数.并采用三维有限元结构计算平台,编写了非均布壁面压力载荷与非均布对流换热系数子程序,求解了喉衬前后搭接界面间隙...