铝合金搅拌摩擦焊表面冷喷涂层的结构与耐蚀性

采用冷喷涂技术在2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头上制备Al涂层,以提高搅拌摩擦焊接头耐蚀性。通过数字显微镜、扫描电镜、电化学工作站对Al涂层的结构及耐蚀性进行表征。结果表明:冷喷Al涂层质量良好,孔隙率仅为0.77%,涂层内部存在等轴晶、细化晶粒以及拉长晶粒,涂层界面以机械咬合为主,涂层/接头区界面质量明显优于涂层/母材区界面;电化学数据显示,涂层腐蚀敏感性较低,自腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流密度均低于热影响区,冷喷涂层降低了搅拌摩擦焊接头的腐蚀敏感性;晶间腐蚀实验表明,腐蚀6 h后,涂层最大腐蚀深度仅为热影响区最大腐蚀深度的50%,证明冷喷涂技术显著改善了搅拌摩擦焊接头的耐腐蚀性。     

Hot-cracking susceptibility and shear fracture behavior of dissimilar Ti6Al4V/AA6060 alloys in pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding

Laser welding of dissimilar titanium/aluminum alloys has been employed at an increasing rate, particularly in the aerospace industry, owing to its advantages in terms of current design flexibility and fuel/cost savings. The major problem with dissimilar Ti/Al welds arises from the difference in the thermal expansion and contraction of the two metals, which leads to hot-cracking susceptibility and the mitigation of the mechanical property after welding. In the present study, pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of Ti6Al4V and AA6060 has been addressed. Hot-cracking susceptibility in the heat affected zone and the shear fracture behavior of the lap joints were investigated through microstructural characterization and mechanical tests. The results indicate that the hot cracking tendency can be reduced by increasing the pulse peak power (7.5–8.5 kW) and the laser point diameter (0.8–1.0 mm) with specific pulse duration and overlap. An alternative control strategy for less hot cracks in the Ti/Al lap joint can be to increase the weld width and decrease the cooling rate during solidification. The shear fracture of the Ti/Al lap joint is likely to occur along the lower side path of the weld interface with decreasing weld surface collapsed amount and increasing aluminum base metal melt depth.     

铝合金矩形机箱工装设计及拼焊工艺

大厚度铝合金矩形机箱在拼焊生产过程中,存在组装难度大,焊缝质量不易保证,焊后变形大等问题.针对铝合金矩形机箱焊后马鞍型和螺旋型变形特点,选用表面定位方式,设计了多种类型的夹板,完成了箱体焊接工装的设计.在此基础上,采用真空电子束焊,通过严格的工艺措施完成了机箱的拼焊,获得了深宽比符合要求的焊缝,保证了机箱结构的完整性.经检测,矩形机箱满足设计要求.实践证明,此工装和工艺方案可行,对类似构件的制造有指导意义.     

SiO2 气凝胶热参数测试及评价

利用非稳态阶跃平面热源法对SiO2气凝胶的热参数进行了高温实验研究,获得了不同温度和压力条件下SiO2气凝胶的热导率、热扩散率以及比热容等.结果表明,SiO2气凝胶800℃的热导率比室温增大约62％.在相同气压且低于600℃时,其热导率受比热容影响,而在高于600℃时,则受热扩散率影响;在相同温度且高于10 kPa时,热导率亦受热扩散率影响.     

Resistance Spot Welding Method for Metal-Based Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

Aiming at the requirements of installation and work environment of metal-based fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor,a resistance spot welding method is presented.Firstly,the effect of welding parameters on welding quality is discussed theoretically,and a suitable resistance spot welding method for the metal-based FBG sensor is proposed for the first time.Then through serial resistance spot welding tests,the feasibility and practicability of the method are verified,and optimal welding parameters for two different tested metals are obtained.Fatigue performance test validates FBG sensors installed by the proposed method with good fatigue properties and long-term stable measurement performance.The research results can provide technical guidance for engineering structure long-term safety monitoring.     

Solitary,explosive and periodic solutions for electron acoustic solitary waves with non-thermal hot ions

A theoretical investigation has been made for electron acoustic waves propagating in a system of unmagnetized collisionless plasma consists of a cold electron fluid and ions with two different temperatures in which the hot ions obey the non-thermal distribution. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries equation for small but finite amplitude electrostatic waves. It is found that the presence of the energetic population of non-thermal hot ions δ, initial normalized equilibrium density of low temperature ions μ and the ratio of temperatures of low temperature ions to high temperature ions β do not only significantly modify the basic properties of solitary structure, but also change the polarity of the solitary profiles. At the critical hot ions density, the KdV equation is not appropriate for describing the system. Hence, a new set of stretched coordinates is considered to derive the modified KdV equation. In the vicinity of the critical hot ions density, neither KdV nor modified KdV equation is appropriate for describing the electron acoustic waves. Therefore, a further modified KdV equation is derived. An algebraic method with computerized symbolic computation, which greatly exceeds the applicability of the existing tanh, extended tanh methods in obtaining a series of exact solutions of the various KdV-type equations, is used here. Numerical studies have been reveals different solutions e.g., bell-shaped solitary pulses, singular solitary “blowup” solutions, Jacobi elliptic doubly periodic wave, Weierstrass elliptic doubly periodic type solutions, in addition to explosive pulses. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some plasma environments, such as Earth’s magnetotail region.     

铝合金可回抽搅拌摩擦焊接头组织和性能

针对8 mm 厚2219 铝合金进行可回抽搅拌摩擦焊工艺试验,详细分析了回抽过程中搅拌针运动

轨迹、不同回抽位置的接头组织形态及力学性能。结果表明:搅拌针的运动轨迹是焊接速度与搅拌针相对于轴

肩回抽速度的合成运动轨迹,并呈现出一定的线性关系。回抽结束处和回抽起始处的接头组织形貌为典型的

常规搅拌摩擦焊接头,位于中间回抽区域的焊接接头可以认为是100% 焊透的焊接接头与“相同直径的轴肩+

(100% ~0%) ×L 的搅拌针”形成的焊透深度逐渐变浅的常规搅拌摩擦焊接头复合形成的。接头力学性能测

试结果表明:回抽结束处的性能最高,回抽起始处的性能次之,中间回抽区域的力学性能最低,并且随着回抽距

离的逐渐增加,中间回抽区域的力学性能逐渐增加。不同回抽位置的搅拌摩擦焊接头均呈现出典型的韧性断

裂形貌。

     

AИ25TЛK型发动机高压涡轮导向器外机匣的焊接修复

研究了焊接修复AИ25TЛK型发动机高压涡轮导向器外机匣在使用过程中出现的密集裂纹故障。重点研究微观组织状态对材料焊接性能的影响,以此为基础,解决应变时效裂纹的问题,完成了AИ25TЛK型发动机高压涡轮导向器外机匣的密集裂纹修复工作。焊接修复的零件均已装机使用,使用一个翻修周期后．其故障率和故障情况与新零件的状况一致。     

TB3-117型发动机Ⅱ级涡轮导向器的焊接修复

针对TB3-117型发动机Ⅱ级涡轮导向器在使用过程中出现的密集裂纹故障,重点研究微观组织状态对材料焊接性能的影响,解决液化裂纹和应变时效裂纹两个难点,完成了Ⅱ级涡轮导向器零件的密集裂纹修复工作。焊接修复的零件均已装机使用,且使用一个翻修周期后,故障率和故障情况与新零件的状况一致。     

某空空导弹发动机喷管制造技术

探讨了用不锈钢15-5PH焊接制造某空空导弹发动机喷管时的工艺路线、必要的工装及具体的控制变形的加工方法,保证了零件的质量.