某型燃气涡轮起动机空中起动试验

为验证原本只为在地面起动发动机而设计的某型燃气涡轮起动机的空中辅助起动性能,在飞行试验台上,对其进行了空中辅助起动试验。与在地面起动发动机时的参数进行比较,得到了有意义的结论,掌握了其在空中工作时参数的变化规律,为提高该型燃气涡轮起动机空中辅助起动性能提供了依据。     

分布式网络技术在燃气轮机性能测试系统中的应用

分析了分布式网络系统及燃气轮机性能测试系统的结构特点,描述了基于系统级、子系统级和工作站级的分布式测试系统的3级结构模型.     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

用于某重型燃气轮机的气体流量试验器研制

阐述了自行研制的某型气体流量试验器的设计思路、系统组成、构件选择以及相关试验.该试验器用于国家863重大项目R0110重型燃机燃烧室喷嘴气体流量测量.该试验器巧妙地将测量系统、操作系统、数据显示、采集与处理系统结合在一起,不仅使设备结构紧凑,占地空间小,实现了单人操作完成试验,并且进气调节系统、冷却器、加温器各成单元便于拆装、运输以及检修、更换.试验器运行稳定,测量精确,成为一种通用高精度气体流量试验系统,可广泛应用于航空发动机、地面燃气轮机和燃用气体燃料的动力装置的喷嘴流量测量.     

燃气二次喷射推力矢量控制系统启动过程非定常效应研究

采用数值模拟方法对燃气二次喷射推力矢量控制系统启动过程中非定常效应进行了研究.给出了详细的喷流瞬态干扰流场结构, 以及喷流瞬态干扰区随时间改变的流场细节特性,分析了流动参数和发动机内弹道性能的动态变化过程.研究表明,主/次流干扰流场内流动参数的分布及变化呈现复杂的多样性,启动过程中所呈现出的动态特性与系统稳定工作时有着明显的差异,侧向控制力、燃烧室平衡压强和发动机推力均有显著变化.在飞行器设计中,必须从安全控制的角度出发,考虑这一非定常效应的影响.     

航空发动机燃烧室出口高温热电偶校准技术

在高温校准风洞上,对测量航空发动机燃烧室出口温度气冷式和非气冷式这两种形式的高温热电偶进行校准,确定了高温热电偶的辐射修正系数.校准实验结果表明:高温热电偶的辐射误差随气流速度和压力的增加而降低,而且气流温度与航空发动机机匣壁面温度的温差越大,辐射误差也越大.比较两种结构形式的高温热电偶,非冷却式高温热电偶的测量误差比气冷式高温热电偶的相对较小.      

多喷嘴构型的轴对称氢氧加热器设计与仿真

为了使氢氧燃烧加热器满足自由射流试验台工作需要并获得均匀的出口气流参数,采用同轴剪切式7个喷嘴轴对称构型喷注器,利用CFD仿真软件对其进行了三维反应流场计算,燃烧模型采用氢氧单步反应模型,获得了设计工况下的参数.计算结果表明:燃烧效率随着中心喷嘴与外围喷嘴距离L与喷注面板半径R之比(L/R)的增大先上升后下降;喷注面板的温度随着L/R的增大而降低,最终维持在600K左右;加热器出口的氧气摩尔分数以及总温的均匀性基本不随着L/R变化而变化;出口主流区的马赫数在6左右满足设计要求.在各个喷嘴的影响区域大致相等时,加热器综合性能良好.氢氧速度比越大,完全燃烧所需区域越短,喷注面板温度越高.与单喷嘴、19个喷嘴的加热器比较发现7个喷嘴的构型较为合理.      

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

接触特性对非连续性转子热致振动的影响

针对燃气轮机转子的非连续性结构间存在的接触特性,根据微凸体理论引入接触刚度和接触热阻的等效模型,建立了某型燃气轮机非连续性转子的动力学模型,分析了接触参数对转子稳、瞬态动力学特性的影响,研究了螺栓松动引起的转子热变形及其对转子快速启动过程中振动特性的影响.结果表明:预紧力、接触面的表面粗糙度和螺栓个数对转子临界转速有一定的影响,螺栓松动导致转子在启动过程中瞬态热变形最大达到7μm,过1阶临界转速时引起的转子最大响应幅值增大约30μm.在非连续性转子系统的热致振动特性分析当中,不应忽视接触参数、接触刚度和接触热阻的影响.      

Effects of synthetic jet frequency on the separated flow in a diffusing S-duct

Numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the effects of synthetic jet actuation frequency on the separated flow in a diffusing S-duct. The Reynolds number based on the entrance height was 9.78×105. At first, the numerical model was validated with experimental data, and then, the interaction between the separated flow and the synthetic jets at different frequencies was discussed. The results demonstrate that the control effect is significantly dependent on the momentum mixing enhancement between inside of the separated boundary layer and the outer flow. There exists a narrow range of actuation frequency, in which effective separation control can be achieved using synthetic jets. A dimensionless frequency F+=1.0 is identified as the optimal frequency, with a momentum coefficient of 1.62×10-3, the separation area is reduced about 46%, and the aerodynamic performance of the S-duct is also greatly improved compared to uncontrolled case. Further analysis reveals that the choice of actuation frequency is mainly determined by the momentum flux produced by a single ejection and the spacing between adjacent ejections, the optimal frequency case can be understood as a balance between the two factors. In addition, it is found that the synthetic jets can also suppress the secondary flows while decreasing the separation.