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71.
We study kinetic excitation mechanisms for high-frequency dispersive Alfvén waves in the solar corona, solar wind, and Earth's
magnetosphere. The ion-cyclotron and Cherenkov kinetic effects are important for these waves which we call the ion-cyclotron
kinetic Alfvén waves (ICKAWs). Ion beams, anisotropic particles distributions and currents provide free energy for the excitation
of ICKAWs in space plasmas. As particular examples we consider ICKAW instabilities in the coronal magnetic reconnection events,
in the fast solar wind, and in the Earth's magnetopause. Energy conversion and transport initiated by ICKAW instabilities
is significant for the whole dynamics of Sun-Earth connection chain, and observations of ICKAW activity could provide a diagnostic/predictive
tool in the space environment research.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
72.
Chung-Ming Ko Min-Hsu Chu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2005,35(12):2115-2118
A two-fluid model is used to study the time evolution of stellar winds including the dynamical effect of cosmic rays. Neglecting the diffusion of cosmic rays, we seek self-similar solutions to spherically symmetric winds with a termination shock. The velocity upstream of the shock is taken to be zero. Physical solutions are those that can connect the shock to the star with the velocity approaching zero at the star. Two parameters govern the behaviour of the solutions, namely, the ratio of the upstream sound speed to the shock speed (in an inertial frame) and the gravitation potential of the central star. In some parameter regimes, no physical solution is possible. 相似文献
73.
The magnetopause is in continuous motion and shock waves and impulsive acceleration events can occur. As an example, we show
that the interaction of an interplanetary shock with the bow shock can generate a shock wave that after passing through the
magnetosheath can interact with the magnetopause. In fluid dynamics, when a shock wave encounters a fluid discontinuity, the
interface may become unstable and form bubbles and spikes. We consider this Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in magnetohydrodynamics.
At the dayside magnetopause, the instability tends to be stabilized by the magnetic field. However, the shock wave interaction
can initiate magnetic field reconnection for the southward IMF, which may be important in strong interplanetary shock events.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
74.
Nikolai M. Gavrilov Andrey V. Koval Alexander I. Pogoreltsev Elena N. Savenkova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(7):1819-1836
Parameterization schemes of atmospheric normal modes (NMs) and orographic gravity waves (OGWs) have been implemented into the mechanistic Middle and Upper Atmosphere Model (MUAM) simulating atmospheric general circulation. Based on the 12-members ensemble of runs with the MUAM, a composite of the stratospheric warming (SW) has been constructed using the UK Met Office data as the lower boundary conditions. The simulation results show that OGW amplitudes increase at altitudes above 30 km in the Northern Hemisphere after the SW event. At altitudes of about 50 km, OGWs have largest amplitudes over North American and European mountain systems before and during the composite SW, and over Himalayas after the SW. Simulations demonstrate substantial (up to 50–70%) variations of amplitudes of stationary planetary waves (PWs) during and after the SW in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere of the Northern Hemisphere. Westward travelling NMs have amplitude maxima not only in the Northern, but also in the Southern Hemisphere, where these modes have waveguides in the middle and upper atmosphere. Simulated variations of PW and NM amplitudes correspond to changes in the mean zonal wind, EP-fluxes and wave refractive index at different phases of the composite SW events. Inclusion of the parameterization of OGW effects leads to decreases in amplitudes (up to 15%) of almost all SPWs before and after the SW event and their increase (up to 40–60%) after the SW in the stratosphere and mesosphere at middle and high northern latitudes. It is suggested that observed changes in NM amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere during SW could be caused by divergence of increased southward EP-flux. This EP-flux increases due to OGW drag before SW and extends into the Southern Hemisphere. 相似文献
75.
Qiang Zhang Qile Zhao 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(3):1214-1226
Spherical harmonic (SH) expansion is widely used to model the global ionosphere map (GIM) of vertical total electron content (VTEC). According to the impact of different data processing methods of the SH expansion model on the VTEC maps, we specifically performed comprehensive analysis in terms of the data sampling rate, the time resolution, the spherical harmonic degree, and the relative constraint. One month of GPS data (January in 2016) from the International GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Service (IGS) network in a moderate ionospheric activity period at the descending phase of Solar Cycle 24 was processed. To improve the computational efficiency of the daily GIM generation, the data sampling rate of 5?min was recommended allowing the GIM precision loss within 0.10 TECU (total electron content unit). The global VTEC map could be better represented in temporal and spatial domains with higher time resolution and higher spherical harmonic degree, especially at low latitude bands and in the southern hemisphere. The GIM precision improvement was about 10.91% for 1-h and about 15.15% for 0.5-h compared with the commonly used 2-h time resolution. The use of spherical harmonic degree 17 or 20 instead of 15 could improve the precision by 3.19% or 6.06%. We also found that an optimal relative constraint had to be found experimentally considering both the GIM precision and the GIM root mean square (RMS) map. 相似文献
76.
77.
78.
裂纹转子非线性振动特征的谐波小波与分形识别 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
通过对谐波小波的分析研究,指出了谐波小波对振动信号局部频段分析的优良特性。采用谐波小波对裂纹转子的非线性振动信号在低频段进行了分析。理论分析与实验结果表明:对实际裂纹转子信号,经谐波小波的频段分析后,能够得到通常难以由理论分析与实验结果获得的非整数倍周期分叉的非线性特征频谱。计算了裂纹转子的分形维数,发现裂纹转子的振动信号比理论结果要复杂、可以用多重分形作为判断实际转子是否有裂纹的一个特征。提出了用谐波小波变换后的奇异谱来识别裂纹转子非整数倍周期分叉的非线性特征频谱的方法,并对实际转子信号进行分析,得到了明显的非整数倍周期分叉的奇异谱。 相似文献
79.
The problem of aeroelasticity and maneuvering of command surface and gust wing interaction involves a starting flow period which can be seen as the flow of an airfoil attaining suddenly an angle of attack. In the linear or nonlinear case, compressive Mach or shock waves are generated on the windward side and expansive Mach or rarefaction waves are generated on the leeward side. On each side, these waves are composed of an oblique steady state wave, a vertically-moving one-dimensional unsteady wave, and a secondary wave resulting from the interaction between the steady and unsteady ones. An analytical solution in the secondary wave has been obtained by Heaslet and Lomax in the linear case, and this linear solution has been borrowed to give an approximate solution by Bai and Wu for the nonlinear case. The structure of the secondary shock wave and the appearance of various force stages are two issues not yet considered in previous studies and has been studied in the present paper. A self-similar solution is obtained for the secondary shock wave, and the reason to have an initial force plateau as observed numerically is identified. Moreover, six theoretical characteristic time scales for pressure load variation are determined which explain the slope changes of the time-dependent force curve. 相似文献
80.
O.K. Cheremnykh A.N. Kryshtal A.A. Tkachenko 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(2):603-610
In this paper, we study conditions of realization and stability of kink modes with azimuthal wave numbers in cylindrical plasma flex with twisted magnetic field and homogeneous current along its axis. We assume permanent axial magnetic field both inside and outside the flex, surrounded by currentless plasma. Azimuthal magnetic field decreases inversely proportional to the distance from the boundary beyond the flex. We derived dispersion equations for stable and unstable modes in approximation of “thin” plasma flex. The analysis of equations has been provided for the case of discontinuous axial magnetic field on flex’s boundary. Conditions of propagation of wave modes have been defined. It was shown, that unstable modes can be implemented in certain interval of longitudinal wavenumbers. Results can be applied for the interpretation of solar magnetic tubes behavior, using measurements, provided by spacecrafts. 相似文献