Influence of shock attenuation on tailored operation in free piston shock tunnels

The free piston shock tunnel is a type of shock tunnel with high performance. For this type of tunnel, the influence mechanism of shock wave attenuation on tailored operation is explored by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. By introducing the normalized velocity, the simple constraint equation for shock wave under the tailored operation is deduced. Moreover, the real gas effect is also taken into account in this equation. Based on the equation, the tailored operation of shock tunnels can be predicted with very few calculations. The present study shows that the change rate of the thermodynamic state of the gas behind the shock wave is inconsistent with the attenuation rate of the shock wave, which is the fundamental reason why the wind tunnel achieves tailored operation at a lower Mach number of shock waves. This lower Mach number of shock waves differs from the corresponding ideal value by a factor, which is about the square root of shock attenuation rate.     

Suppressing unsteady motion of shock wave by high-frequency plasma synthetic jet

Three Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuators (PSJA) under the high-frequency actuation are used to control the Shock Wave Boundary Layer Interaction (SWBLI), a high-speed schlieren image processing method based on spatial Fourier transform as well as snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition were used to study the control effect of high-frequency plasma synthetic jet on low-frequency unsteadiness of SWBLI. The analysis of the base flow shows that the separated shock wave actually has both large- and small-amplitude vibrations at low frequency. And the results revealed that the PSJA with an operating frequency of 2 kHz has the ability to reduce the energy of low-frequency component of shock wave motion, indicating that the 2 kHz actuation can effectively suppress low-frequency unsteadiness of the separated wave. Compared with the actuation frequency of 2 kHz, the energy of low-frequency component of the shock wave is enhanced under the 8 kHz actuation, which aggravates the low-frequency unsteady motion of the shock wave. It is likely that the actuation frequency is too high, thus the intensity of the precursor shock wave induced by PSJA becomes weaker. Additionally, as the 4 kHz actuation is applied, the pulsation of the separation region was enhanced, it is speculated that the actuation frequency is coupled with the oscillation frequency of the separation region.     

一种姿轨控发动机地面试验控制系统设计

控制系统在试车过程中发出指令信号,使发动机和试车台各工艺系统按照预定的程序完成规定试车任务。为了适应某型号姿轨控发动机试验对控制精度要求的提高,需要对现有控制系统进行改造,基于现场可编程门阵列和高速固态继电器设计了一种新的控制系统,其控制模块用于操作人员对试验系统上的各路电磁阀进行手动与自动控制,其复记模块可以实时记录系统状态以便于指挥人员了解系统工作状况,并能够进行数据分析判断。该系统建成后可以满足该型号姿轨控发动机试验的要求,控制精度为0.1 ms。     

Excellent electromagnetic wave absorption of MOF/SiBCN nanomaterials at high temperature

Electromagnetic wave absorbing materials at high-temperature are urgently needed for stealth aircrafts or aero-engines worked in harsh environments. In this contribution, cobalt-containing siliconboron carbonitride (MOF/SiBCN) nanomaterials were prepared by pyrolyzing metal–organic framework, i.e. cobalt 2-methylimidazole (ZIF-67), and hyperbranched polyborosilazane. The rhombic dodecahedral ZIF-67 and cobalt element promoted in situ formation of dielectric loss phases, including SiC nanocrystals, CoSi nanocrystals and turbostratic carbons. The ZIF-67/SiBCN nanomaterials showed excellent microwave absorption both at room and elevated temperature. The minimum reflection coefficient (RC_min) was −51.6 dB and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 3.93 GHz at room temperature. At an elevated temperature of 600 °C, the RC_min reached −30.29 dB and EAB covered almost the whole X-band (3.95 GHz, 8.45–12.4 GHz). The ZIF-67/SiBCN nanocomposites are promising and useful platform for microwave absorbing materials at high-temperature. It may shed light on the downstream applications in designing next generation areo-engines and stealth aircrafts.     

基于GRECO的复杂目标多次散射RCS计算

复杂目标多次散射问题对于目标雷达散射截面(RCS,Radar Cross Section)的精确预估具有重要影响.以图形电磁计算(GRECO,Graphic Electromagnetic Lomputing)软件为平台,充分利用其可视化计算的特点,采用像素为基本计算单元,开发了一种多次散射计算方法.通过获取像素几何信息,搜索符合多次散射条件的像素对,并将高频计算方法中的几何光学和物理光学相结合,实现了对发生多次散射的复杂目标RCS可视化计算.应用AUTOCAD软件建立了角反射器和导弹模型,将最终计算结果与参考文献中计算结果进行对比,取得了较为理想的结果,证明了该方法具有很好的工程应用价值.     

飞机软道面安全拦阻系统建模与仿真

飞机在起飞或降落时,如果冲出跑道,拦阻系统能够有效地将飞机拦停,避免对飞机和乘客造成伤害.飞机安全拦阻系统是机场正常工作的重要保障设施.基于此设计了一种新的软道面(soft ground)安全拦阻系统(arresting system),该系统具有结构简单、可靠性高、机动性大、通用程度高等特点.结合飞机六自由度模型和精确的阻力模型,建立了系统的数学模型.此模型能够仿真拦阻系统的工作过程,通过仿真得到拦停距离和起落架载荷等重要参数.与国外真实试验结果进行比较,仿真结果验证了该系统模型的有效性,表明该方法在新机场的建设和现有机场改造中具有广阔的应用前景.     

基于试飞的直升机悬停状态地面效应

提出了一种基于试飞的直升机悬停状态地面效应研究方法,该方法在建立无量纲形式的直升机悬停需用功率模型的基础上,通过飞行试验实测直升机在不同重量和不同离地高度悬停时的发动机扭矩、大气条件等参数,利用参数辨识的方法确定无量纲形式直升机悬停需用功率模型中的相关空气动力参数及地面效应模型.采用本文所述方法可以方便地进行直升机有、无地效时的悬停性能拓展.     

1+1/2对转涡轮非定常流动数值模拟

为了掌握对转涡轮内部的复杂流动以改进航空燃气轮机的设计,利用数值模拟手段对所设计的1+1/2对转涡轮内部非定常流动进行了研究,将定常和非定常结果进行了详细的对比分析,结果表明:非定常结果与定常结果相比出功比减小,总效率约减小0.44%,流量基本不变,其中尾迹、激波、位势作用以及泄漏流等因素之间的相互作用是影响非定常特性的主要因素.      

激波/泄漏涡相互干扰对跨声压气机流动稳定性的影响

对单级跨声压气机Stage 35进行了单通道全三维定常数值模拟,开展了网格密度对计算结果影响的研究,从而确定了一套最佳网格配置,该套网格配置预测的总性能和基元性能与试验结果符合得最好.以此为基础对Stage 35的内部流场进行分析,发现其流动失稳最有可能是由动叶近叶顶靠近压力面侧的低能堵塞团引发的.随着流量的减小,间隙泄漏涡的强度和旋拧度随着叶片载荷的增加而增加,激波与泄漏涡相互干扰使得近失速条件下间隙泄漏涡破碎,涡破碎极有可能是动叶近叶顶靠近压力面侧低能流体产生的主要原因.