一种基于三正交主轴平面的快速星图模拟方法

为在地面上进行星图模拟以测试星图识别算法和星敏感器性能, 提出了一种新的快速星图模拟方法. 该方法利用截面圆和固定区域的性质, 将单位天球按照三个正交主轴平面进行等分, 根据赤纬值求解恒星矢量与主轴平面夹角来确定选星条件, 进而根据坐标变换原理进行星图模拟. 为验证所提方法与现有方法相比的优势, 进行了大量的仿真实验. 实验结果表明, 与现有星图模拟方法相比, 本文方法在保证星图模拟精度的条件下, 选星速度提高了3倍以上.      

The effects of maps and textual information on navigation in a desktop virtual environment

This study presents an experimentthat investigates how individuals perform anavigation test in a desktop virtualenvironment. The participants were randomlyassigned to one of the five test conditions:(C1) a map as information material during theentire test, (C2) the map only visible beforethe test, (C3) textual information during theentire test, (C4) textual information onlybefore the test and (C5) no additionalnavigational cues. The results were thatadditional information during the entire testwas more effective than short periods ofstudying the map or textual information onlybefore the test. However, participants weremore accurate in finding their route when anykind of navigational cues were used than whenno navigational cues were used. The results ofan additional questionnaire indicate thatbetween the test groups there were nodifferences in estimating the travelleddistances. The performance to draw the coveredpath into a sketch map of the landscape did notdiffer significantly between the test groupswith additional navigational cues. Theseresults indicate that in certain environmentstextual information may provide an effectivealternative to navigation training with a map.     

三维数字地形图生成技术研究

在论述三维真实感数字地形图生成算法的基础上,结合数字高程模型(DTM)数据,用OpenGL在计算机上实现三维数字地形图的显示。     

基于点云聚类评估的激光雷达鲁棒定位方法CSCD

基于先验地图的激光雷达定位方法在封闭工业场景下得到了广泛应用,然而环境变化、行人和车辆等动态物体的干扰会影响激光雷达与先验地图的匹配精度。提出了一种动态环境下基于点云聚类评估的三维激光雷达鲁棒定位方法:通过设定角度和距离双阈值,对点云深度图像进行分割聚类,相较于传统分割方法,分割结果对点云噪声更为鲁棒;通过对原始点云进行分割聚类,在粗匹配结果下评估聚类的匹配度,剔除误匹配聚类进行二次匹配以提高匹配精度;通过聚类评估的结果判断匹配成功和失败的点对,进而对点云整体匹配结果的正确性进行评估,相较于传统仅基于距离阈值的判断准则,具有更高的准确性;最终,分别通过公开数据集和实际试验验证了该算法的有效性。试验结果表明,相较于传统匹配方法,该方法有效提高了动态场景下的定位精度和匹配结果评估的准确度,定位误差可以维持在10cm以内。     

飞行器低空突防中的威胁航线优化技术研究

低空突防中的威胁回避技术是TF／TA^2系统的核心，直接关系到低空突防飞行器的任务生存能力。针对威胁回避的特殊要求，本文提出了一种基于地形可视性分析的威胁危险指标快速计算方法，解决了威胁的量化问题。针对在大范围任务区域内进行威胁航线优化存在计算复杂性和收敛性等问题，本文尝试采用遗传算法对威胁进行优化处理。该方法得到的威胁航线，严格经过出发点和目标点，且尽量远离威胁，有效提高了飞行器低空突防的任务生存率。     

基于对象的数字地图存储管理技术

针对数字地图数据的特点，采用面向对象技术与关系数据库技术相结合的方法，构造了一个基于对象的数字地图存储管理的结构，由此实现了一个数字地图的存储管理系统。系统中对传统关系进行了扩展，使系统能存储数字地图数据；引入面向对象的方法，使系统具有表达和描述复杂对象的能力。     

Impact of DORIS ground antennas environment on their radio signal quality

Among the factors which may disrupt the DORIS measurements quality, the ground antennas environment is of high importance. For a set of 15 selected DORIS beacon, the differences between the effective and theoretical power received on-board the satellites (SPOT-5 and Envisat) have been analyzed in terms of spatial direction around the antenna. Such antenna maps have also been established regarding the Doppler residuals of the least-square precise orbit adjustment. Thanks to 360° views from the antennas and aerial views of the sites, the impact of the signal obstructions (trees, roofs, antennas …) on power attenuation and Doppler residuals is discussed. Depending on the nature of the obstructed object, the attenuation level can reach more than 5 dB, and the residual RMS of the orbit adjustment may be doubled from the nominal value, reaching 1 mm/s locally. The nature of the ground at the foot of the antennas has been correlated to DORIS signal quality at high elevation: reflections on flat surfaces (e.g. roofs) affect the signal more significantly than reflections on natural ground (e.g. soil). In particular, a modeling of the multipath phenomenon affecting Fairbanks site has been established and fits remarkably with the observations. Finally, an evaluation of the direct impact of obstructing objects on the orbit has also been performed. The example of a scaffolding at Kauai site displays a few millimeters error in the along-track position of the satellite.     

数字景象图的计算机模拟生成

数字景象图在飞行器末制导中起着关键作用。在特殊情形下，有必要用计算机模拟生成数字景象图。本文在分析数字景象图成象机理的基础上给出了一个基于数字高程图模拟生成数字景象图的框架，分别讨论了光照模型，大气模型，误差模型，坐标系和视点变换等关键步骤。文中给出了模拟生成的结果。