Thermal stability improvement of sprayable fast-responding pressure-sensitive paint for measurement above 100 °C

The thermal stability of sprayable fast-responding Pressure-Sensitive Paint (fast PSP) was investigated to explore the possibility for application in turbomachinery and hypersonic research with temperature above 100 °C. The first part of the study focused on a widely-used Polymer Ceramic PSP (PC-PSP). The effects of thermal degradation on its key sensing properties, including luminescent intensity, pressure sensitivity and response time, were examined for a temperature range from 60 to 100 °C. Severe degradation in intensity and pressure sensitivity was found as temperature reached 70 °C or higher, which would cause failure of PSP application in these conditions. Subsequently, a fast-responding Mesoporous-Particle PSP (MP-PSP) was developed which did not show degradation effects until 140 °C. The greatly improved thermal stability of MP-PSP was attributed to: selection of polymer with higher glass transition temperature (polystyrene) to delay the saturation effect of oxygen quenching as temperature increased; porous and hollow structure of particles for luminophore deposition that minimizes polymer–luminophore interaction. This new paint formulation has significantly raised the upper temperature limit of fast PSP and offers more opportunities for applications in harsh environment.     

Aerodynamic characteristics of unsymmetrical aerofoil at various turbulence intensities

A series of wind tunnel tests were performed to investigate the effect of turbulent inflows on the aerodynamic characteristics of the unsymmetrical airfoil at various turbulence intensities and Reynolds number. To assess the aerodynamic characteristics, surface pressure measurements were made over the unsymmetrical airfoil surface by using a simultaneous pressure scanner MPS4264 of Scanivalve make. Self-generated passive grids made of parallel arrays of round bars were placed at four different locations to generate various Turbulence Intensities (TI) in the wind tunnel. The location of the passive grid has been normalized in terms of considering the distance between the entry of the test section and the leading edge of the model. Based on the wind tunnel results, by comparing the baseline without grid low turbulence case TI = 0.51% with other turbulence generated cases like TI = 4.68%, 4.73%, 6.04% and 8.46% at different Reynolds number, it is found that the coefficient of lift increases with the increase in the turbulence intensity. Results also reveal that the flow featuring turbulence can effectively delay the stall characteristics of an airfoil by attaching the flow over the airfoil for an extended region. Additionally, attempts were made to understand the influence of turbulence on the aerodynamic hysteresis.     

空天飞行器整体式救生座舱的稳定减速与分离特性数值模拟

整体式密闭救生座舱方案将座椅与驾驶舱进行整体设计，弹射后具有独立的气动型面，在包含亚声速、跨声速、超声速甚至高超声速等非常宽广的速度范围可以更好地保护飞行员免受高速气流的吹袭，是空天飞行器救生系统设计的重要途径之一。针对整体式救生座舱，首先开展基本静态气动性能数值模拟评估；之后采用一种刚性减速伞增稳方案（整体式座舱+减速伞）对其稳定性和减速效率进行改进；最后采用动态重叠网格方法，对整体式座舱+减速伞构型的近机弹射轨迹特性开展动态数值模拟计算，从而获得该构型在抛投过程中的稳定性和安全性。研究结果表明，单独整体式救生座舱难以具备静稳定性；减速伞方案可大幅改善座舱的稳定性能，使座舱在Ma=0.3~4.0范围内均具有静、动态稳定性，并呈现亚声速时随马赫数升高而增强、超声速时随马赫数升高而减弱的变化规律，且高马赫数（Ma=4.0）工况可通过降低飞行高度以增加动压的方式进一步提升座舱的动稳定性；在宽速域范围内，整体式座舱+减速伞构型经过弹射力和火箭推力的辅助作用，能够实现与机体的安全分离，并且分离后其俯仰振荡姿态均具有收敛特性。     

一种面向电力终端的北斗定位模块研究

基于电力系统对卫星导航定位的自主安全性要求，研究用于电力终端的北斗定位技术，设计了一款用于电力行业终端的北斗定位导航模块，主要包括模块的模拟前端设计、数字信号处理及分析，重点对低功耗小型化设计、提高接收灵敏度设计等进行研究，并对所设计的北斗模块实物进行了实际测试和分析，成果已开始在电力行业试点应用。     

二维欧拉方程的非结构网格自适应方法

给出提高二维欧拉定常解质量的非结构网格自适应方法。网格的生成采用Ｅｅｌａｕｎｅｙ方法,流场的算法为节点型有限体积法,能量的计算采用Ｖａｎｌｅｅｒ格式,自适应采用网格的增加和删减。对流场特性的探测采用密度物质导数的绝对值。最后计算了Ｎａｃａ００１２翼型的跨音速绕流,结果证明自适应效果很好。     

三维复杂几何外形的表面三角形网格自动生成

按点－线－面的层次数据结构,选取几种有代表性的曲线曲面,实现了三维复杂外形的表面描述。采用曲面到平面的保形变换,在平面内由阵面推进法自动生成三角形网格,实现了三维复杂外形的表面三角形网格自动生成。     

GEO卫星红外地球敏感器热设计敏感性分析

文章提出了一种GEO卫星红外地球敏感器的热设计方法,建立了红外地球敏感器热数学模型,对影响红外地球敏感器散热的热设计要素进行敏感性定量分析,以指导优化热设计。分析验证表明:经过优化的红外地球敏感器热控方案,能很好地满足卫星15 a寿命期红外地球敏感器工作温度要求。该设计方法已在“东方红四号”平台系列卫星上成功应用,并得到在轨验证。     

高度污染敏感有效载荷的真空烘烤技术

对分子污染高度敏感的航天产品,如光学相机、CCD成像系统等,真空烘烤是有效的污染控制手段。文章介绍了真空烘烤设备的结构和技术指标,并详细地描述了具体的烘烤程序,以满足航天器洁净度等级的要求。