基于时标分解的弹性高超声速飞行器智能控制

考虑弹性高超声速飞行器纵向动力学模型,提出了一种基于时标分解的智能控制方法。考虑刚体状态和弹性模态具有不同的时标特性,采用奇异摄动理论进行快慢时标分解,将模型转换为刚体慢变子系统和弹性快变子系统。针对刚体子系统考虑动力学不确定,基于平行估计模型构造表征不确定逼近效果的预测误差,结合跟踪误差给出复合学习控制策略。针对弹性子系统设计自适应滑模控制稳定弹性模态。通过李雅普诺夫稳定性分析可证系统状态一致终值有界。仿真表明所提出的控制方法能够实现刚弹模态的稳定收敛,且具有更高的跟踪精度、更好的学习性能和更快的收敛速度。     

全模颤振风洞试验三索悬挂系统多体动力学分析

全模颤振风洞试验需要通过软支撑系统模拟飞行器的自由飞行状态并调整模型姿态达到配平状态。参考NASA双索悬挂方案,提出了一种两电机驱动的三索悬挂系统,利用后方两索的同向/反向联动实现模型俯仰和滚转姿态的调整,利用弹簧刚度以及钢绳张力设计实现支撑频率要求。基于柔性多体动力学方法,建立了包括飞行器刚体模型、柔性索、滑轮、弹簧、气动力模型、伺服电机控制在内的复杂系统动力学模型,其中,利用任意拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）变长度索单元描述钢绳,利用不约束物质坐标的索结点约束描述钢绳与滑轮相互作用,利用索结点物质输运速度约束描述伺服电机绞盘,利用飞行力学的气动力模型描述吹风下的气动力。基于该模型,通过小扰动响应辨识研究了弹簧刚度、钢绳张力、连接点位置等因素对支撑频率的影响规律,并分析了系统姿态调整能力,俯仰调整范围达到-12.5°~12.5°,滚转调整范围达到-45°~45°。采用滑轮处电位计测量的钢绳相对位移作为反馈信号,基于设计的控制律利用多体动力学求解器与Simulink对风洞吹风下的姿态调整过程进行仿真,模型达到配平状态,获得了吹风下的索拉力和伺服电机功率,为系统设计提供基础。     

变循环发动机过渡态性能直接模拟方法

为了实现多变量可调的变循环发动机（VCE）过渡态性能模拟和控制规律设计,在稳态逆算法和过渡态性能隐式格式计算方法的基础上开发了变循环发动机过渡态直接模拟方法。在稳态逆算法模型中加入容积效应和转子动力学方程,实现了同时给定加速率、涡轮前温度和压缩部件工作点的条件下直接模拟计算过渡态过程中变几何参数和燃油流量的调节规律,验证了方法的精度和可行性,并将该方法用于变循环发动机转模态性能模拟和控制规律设计。计算结果表明,过渡态直接模拟方法的误差在0.58%以内,超声速巡航状态下由单外涵模态转换到双外涵模态的时间约为1 s,海平面静止状态下双外涵转单外涵的时间约为3 s,且推力、转速、涡轮前温度、喘振裕度等参数过渡平稳。该方法可简化转模态控制规律设计流程,并提高设计精度。     

基于干扰观测器的四旋翼无人机离散时间容错控制

为了飞行控制方案便于在计算机上实现,针对具有外部干扰和执行器加性故障的四旋翼无人机（UAV）角度运动方程,给出一种基于干扰观测器的离散时间跟踪控制方案。通过设计离散时间干扰观测器抑制外部干扰和执行器故障的不利影响,并结合干扰观测器设计离散时间控制器。通过数值仿真验证了基于干扰观测器的离散时间容错控制方案的有效性。仿真结果表明,设计的离散控制器能够保证外部干扰和执行器故障综合作用下的四旋翼UAV系统跟踪控制性能。     

地球同步轨道薄膜太阳帆的姿态轨道控制方法

薄膜太阳帆（FSS）是集推进、发电和姿轨控功能于一体化的超大型挠性太阳帆式航天器,通过调整薄膜反射率产生可变推力和力矩,实现其姿态和轨道运动控制。结合薄膜太阳帆在地球同步轨道运行时的受力特性进行了轨道漂移分析。通过建立薄膜太阳帆动力学模型及受力模型,提出了调整帆面角度轨道修正方法以及基于薄膜光压力矩角动量卸载的长期在轨对日定向面内双轴动量轮稳定控制方法。通过系统仿真验证表明所提的轨道修正和对日定向控制方法是合理有效的,可使薄膜太阳帆长期在定点位置维持对日定向。     

Application of improved active disturbance rejection control algorithm in tilt quad rotor

The Tilt Quad Rotor(TQR) has complex dynamics characteristics, especially in conversion mode. It is difficult to build the dynamic model of the TQR and the environmental factors have a great influence on it. To solve the problem of control in conversion mode of TQR, this paper carries out the design of the controller based on improved Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC). According to the characteristics of flight in conversion mode, Tracking Differentiator(TD) with explicit model is used ...     

Evasion guidance algorithms for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles in three-player pursuit-evasion games

In practical combat scenario, the cooperative intercept strategies are often carefully designed, and it is challenging for the hypersonic vehicles to achieve successful evasion. Based on the analysis, it can be found that if several Successive Pursuers come from the Same Direction(SPSD) and flight with a proper spacing, the evasion difficulty may increase greatly. To address this problem, we focus on the evasion guidance strategy design for the Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicles(AHVs) under the S...     

A survey of safety separation management and collision avoidance approaches of civil UAS operating in integration national airspace system

Recent years have witnessed a booming of the industry of civil Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). As an emerging industry, the UAS industry has been attracting great attention from governments of all countries and the aviation industry. UAS are highly digitalized, informationized, and intelligent; therefore, their integration into the national airspace system has become an important trend in the development of civil aviation. However, the complexity of UAS operation poses great challenges to the traditional aviation regulatory system and technical means. How to prevent collisions between UASs and between UAS and manned aircraft to achieve safe and efficient operation in the integrated operating airspace has become a common challenge for industry and academia around the world. In recent years, the international community has carried out a great amount of work and experiments in the air traffic management of UAS and some of the key technologies. This paper attempts to make a review of the UAS separation management and key technologies in collision avoidance in the integrated airspace, mainly focusing on the current situation of UAS Traffic Management (UTM), safety separation standards, detection system, collision risk prediction, collision avoidance, safety risk assessment, etc., as well as an analysis of the bottlenecks that the current researches encountered and their development trends, so as to provide some insights and references for further research in this regard. Finally, this paper makes a further summary of some of the research highlights and challenges.     

复合式共轴直升机过渡模式的操纵策略

根据复合式共轴直升机的构型特点,建立了上/下旋翼、机翼、机身、全动平尾、垂尾（含方向舵）和螺旋桨的气动力模型,并在此基础上建立了过渡过程的配平方程.针对过渡飞行过程的操纵冗余问题,分别采用线性过渡和功率最小优化过渡两种过渡飞行方案,对复合式共轴直升机的过渡飞行过程的操纵策略进行了研究.以样例复合式共轴直升机为例,进行了过渡飞行模式下两种操纵策略的配平计算,并对两种过渡操纵策略下的需用功率、操纵量和姿态进行了对比.结果表明:所述两种过渡方案均能解决操纵冗余问题,并能合理给出过渡模式的操纵量和姿态.在操纵量变化的平稳度、飞行控制的难易程度和飞行品质方面,线性过渡方案更优.      

基于MEMS的微槽冷却系统在微纳卫星热控中的应用

介绍了基于微机电一体化系统(MEMS)的微槽冷却系统的研究成果。分析了将微槽冷却系统用于微纳卫星热控设计时的特殊要求。讨论了表征微槽冷却系统性能的水力学系统和传热性能。理论分析和数值模拟结果表明,微槽冷却系统可使大热流密度的热源芯片温度维持在较低的范围内,能满足微纳卫星热控的要求。研究认为,压降和热阻均较小的深槽可在小泵功率时提供较优的传热性能。