Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

Geostationary orbit determination using SATRE

A new strategy of precise orbit determination (POD) for GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellite using SATRE (SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment) is presented. Two observation modes are proposed and different channels of the same instruments are used to construct different observation modes, one mode receiving time signals from their own station and the other mode receiving time signals from each other for two stations called pairs of combined observations. Using data from such a tracking network in China, the results for both modes are compared. The precise orbit determination for the Sino-1 satellite using the data from 6 June 2005 to 13 June 2005 has been carried out in this work. The RMS (Root-Mean-Square) of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the former mode is better than 9.1 cm. The RMS of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the latter mode is better than 4.8 cm, much better than the former mode. Orbital overlapping (3-day orbit solution with 1-day orbit overlap) tests show that the RMS of the orbit difference for the former mode is 0.16 m in the radial direction, 0.53 m in the along-track direction, 0.97 m in the cross-track direction and 1.12 m in the 3-dimension position and the RMS of the orbit difference for the latter mode is 0.36 m in the radial direction, 0.89 m in the along-track direction, 1.18 m in the cross-track direction and 1.52 m in the 3-dimension position, almost the same as the former mode. All the experiments indicate that a meter-level accuracy of orbit determination for geostationary satellite is achievable.     

粘弹性材料非局域声阻抗模型及参数优化

针对敷设粘弹性材料的刚体声散射问题提出了一种利用等效非局域阻抗基本代数模型计算表面声阻抗矩阵的方法.并以敷设粘弹性材料的球体为例,采用全局收敛移动近似算法(GCMMA, Globally Convergent Method of Moving Asymptotes)对非局域声阻抗代数模型的参数进行了优化,使其声散射计算结果与使用有限元得到的结果一致.研究表明:等效非局域阻抗基本代数模型可以应用于表面敷设粘弹性材料球体声散射的数值计算,为研究潜艇等复杂水下目标的声散射提供了有效的途径.     

太阳帆航天器行星际轨道转移优化算法

研究基于遗传算法的太阳帆行星际转移轨道的全局优化问题.通过极小值原理推导了太阳帆全局优化控制律,并以太阳帆飞行时间最短为优化目标函数,运用遗传算法对发射时间、到达时间和协态变量初值进行参数优化设计.为了解决轨道转移这一多约束优化问题,在遗传算法中加入动态罚函数.在此理论基础上作了从地球同步轨道出发到火星同步轨道转移和从地球出发与火星交会两个算例,仿真结果表明了该方法在太阳帆转移轨道全局优化中的有效性.     

无人机复杂环境中跟踪运动目标的实时航路规划

在复杂地形环境中,无人机在跟踪运动目标时,现有的航路规划方法在实时性和可行性上存在一定缺陷.提出了一种新的滚动窗口启发方向计算方法,使其能够跟踪运动目标,同时在滚动窗口内采用流函数法进行避障.根据无人机约束,滚动窗口为三角形,并设计了基于行为的伸缩功能.在流函数中,利用水势能方法克服了陷阱地形并进行了航路平滑.仿真结果表明:这种混合算法对于复杂地形条件下跟踪运动目标的航路规划,能够减小规划算法的时间和空间复杂度,使规划出的航路适于无人机飞行.     

内增湿式质子交换膜燃料电池堆动态传热模型

建立了质子交换膜燃料电池阴极的传质模型,综合考虑了影响电堆传热的多个因素,在此基础上针对内增湿式燃料电池堆建立了动态传热模型.采用Runge-Kutta-Felhberg法对模型进行求解,对电流、反应物过量系数、压强、冷却水流量等对电堆温度的影响进行了研究.结果表明,当电流大于25A时电堆温度将不能自行稳定在80℃以下,采用水冷可以有效地将电堆温度控制在较理想的范围内.在额定功率为5kW的燃料电池堆试验台架上进行了热管理试验,试验结果同模型预测值吻合较好.     

无人作战飞机对地攻击效费比分析

UCAV(Uninhabited Combat Aerial Vehicle)具有高隐身、高机动、不涉及飞行员以及全寿命周期费用低等特点.针对UCAV的特点,应用适应现代作战飞机效费比分析的方法和手段,仿真计算了UCAV的隐身、作战半径、机动能力以及武器装载等主要设计参数与对地攻击效能的关系,计算了UCAV主要设计参数与全寿命周期费用的关系,研究了未来UCAV同有人作战飞机及巡航导弹在面临相同的威胁环境、执行相同的对地攻击任务时的效费比情况,并对UCAV在未来作战中的地位进行了分析.研究表明,UCAV在执行对有防空系统保护的敌重要目标进行攻击的任务时,综合效费比高于巡航导弹和有人隐身飞机.     

用于无人驾驶直升机的中继转发系统设计

无人机是当今世界先进技术的热门载体,针对无人驾驶直升机的特点提出了应用于无人直升机上的中继转发系统的方案,论述了该系统的设计方案、总体结构、工作过程以及实现时遇到的技术难点、解决方案.所描述的中继转发系统与通常意义的中继转发系统最大区别在于所转发的频带宽,达百兆赫兹;该系统具备对远距离信号的转发能力,动态范围达100dB;该系统具备对弱信号检测能力,灵敏度可达-100dBm;采用了多通道窄带传输抗干扰技术,提高了系统的抗干扰性能.该系统搭载在无人驾驶直升机上进行了大量实际飞行试验,试验数据表明,该中继转发系统具有频带宽、灵敏度高与抗干扰能力强的优点,满足项目需求指标.     

气溶胶光学特性偏振遥感反演算法

陆地上空大气顶的辐射主要由大气散射和地表反射组成,一般地表反射的贡献要大于大气散射的贡献,使得陆地上空气溶胶的特性提取非常困难,而偏振信息只强烈依赖于散射粒子的特性,发展基于偏振信息的气溶胶反演方法是非常有效的. 通过对矢量辐射传输方程求解进行研究,基于倍加累加法矢量辐射传输模式分析影响气溶胶反演的主要因素,确定多维参数查找表建立方法,利用POLDER(Polarization and Directionality of the Earth-s Reflectances)提供的反射率和偏振反射率数据,发展了一种利用反射率和偏振反射率查找表迭代查找反演气溶胶光学参数和地表反射率的算法,实现了对北京、香河、Dalanzadgad观测站上空气溶胶光学厚度、粒子半径、折射指数和地表反射率的反演.用AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network)地基数据对反演结果进行了验证.     

非圆截面弹体气动隐身一体化设计方法

从非圆截面弹体气动和隐身设计要求出发,根据多目标优化的基本概念,将Pareto方法与遗传优化搜索相结合,采用了联赛式选择复制算子、小生境技术和Pareto解集过滤器技术使解集具有较好分布特性,并在此基础上应用了旨在提高优化计算效率的响应面方法.通过采用基于N-S方程的数值求解方法计算弹体气动性能,采用物理光学法和物理绕射理论来计算其雷达散射截面积,实现了基于Pareto遗传算法的非圆截面弹体气动与隐身两个目标函数间的折衷与优化,取得了较好的优化设计结果.