水平弯曲刚度对大展弦比机翼颤振的影响

高空长航时飞机普遍采用小后掠角大展弦比机翼,飞行时机翼具有较大变形．几何非线性加剧机翼结构水平弯曲与扭转的刚度耦合,水平弯曲模态在颤振分析中的作用已不可忽略,对机翼气动弹性特性影响显著．将结构在给定来流攻角的静平衡位置附近线化,以求解结构的固有振动特性,并应用考虑翼面变形的片条理论计算非定常气动力,用 p-k 法计算颤振速度．以金属梁式机翼为对象的颤振计算结果表明,水平一弯模态参与耦合的机翼颤振速度低于线性颤振速度．增大水平弯曲刚度有助于这类颤振速度的提高,而扭转频率的影响也要加以考虑．     

富氢/富氧燃气同轴气-气喷嘴燃烧性能仿真与分析

为研究全流量补燃循环发动机富氢/富氧燃气气-气喷嘴性能,以758 K的富氢燃气为燃料、676 K的富氧燃气为氧化剂,对采用同轴直流喷嘴、氧喷嘴扩张同轴喷嘴、氢喷嘴收缩同轴喷嘴、氧喷嘴中心具有实心圆柱同轴喷嘴、双同轴直流喷嘴的燃烧室的燃烧流场进行了数值模拟,并考察了流量对燃烧性能的影响.仿真结果表明双同轴直流喷嘴具有最好的燃烧性能.数值模拟结果对富氢/富氧燃气气-气喷注器设计有参考价值.      

全弹性稳态称重法微小流量测量系统

介绍了一种采用称重法原理的新型液体微小流量测量装置的工作原理与工作过程。系统采用全弹性连接方法设计,避免了常规称重法流量测量装置中非弹性连接管路造成的测量误差。采用压力补偿方法,修正由于压强对增压气体密度的影响。并以酒精为测试液体,进行了5种工况下流量测量试验。试验结果表明,该套微小流量测量系统工作稳定、可靠,可以精确测量出液体微小流量。     

A New Scheme and Microstructural Model for 3D Full 5-directional Braided Composites

Three-dimensional(3D) braided composites are a kind of advanced ones and are used in the aeronautical and astronautical fields more widely. The advantages, usages, shortages and disadvantages of 3D braided composites are analyzed, and the possible approach of improving the properties of the materials is presented, that is, a new type of 3D full 5-directional braided composites is developed. The methods of making this type of preform are proposed. It is pointed out that the four-step braiding which is the most possible to realize industrialized production almost has no effect on the composites'properties. By analyzing the simulation model, the advantages of the material compared with the 3D 4-di- rectional and 5-directional materials are presented. Finally, a microstructural model is analyzed to lay the foundation for the future theoretical analysis of these composites.     

静电纺丝细流踪迹图像采集方法研究

介绍了对高场强中的纺丝细流以＂爆炸＂方式喷射所形成的踪迹图像进行高速采集的方法。选用逐行扫描方式的全帧转移型高分辨力面阵CCD摄像机与能够在极短时间内（1/100000 s）完成单场图像采集的采集卡,可以获得十分清晰的高速踪迹图像。     

气-气冷流掺混流场缩尺技术

 为研究气-气冷流掺混流场缩尺技术,对多组分气相掺混流动三维Navier-Stokes无量纲方程及其定解条件进行了相似性分析,并将量纲分析方法应用到气-气掺混流动现象中,获得了气-气掺混流场相似准则,该相似准则表明冷流掺混试验件尺寸和试验背压都可以变化;运用该准则,在不同背压工况下进行了3个不同尺寸试验件的单喷嘴气-气喷注器掺混流场的仿真分析和比较,结果表明不同试验件尺寸和不同压力工况下气-气掺混流场具有相似性。研究结果能够指导气-气冷流试验,并为气-气燃烧流场缩尺技术研究提供参考。     

大柔性飞机非线性飞行载荷分析及优化

 大柔性飞机在气动力作用下产生较大的弯曲变形,线性理论难以获得比较合理的载荷分析及优化解答。为了综合考虑结构气动非线性效应的影响,飞机结构由相互连接的几何非线性欧拉梁表示,升力面由顺来流方向沿展向分布的可压缩马蹄涡网络表示,通过多控制面协调偏转对飞行载荷进行优化。算例表明：随着变形增大线性分析结果将产生误差,最大误差接近20%;通过协调偏转升降舵与机翼上的4组控制面显著减缓了翼根弯曲载荷13.6%。得出以下结论：结构弯曲效应将导致升力损失,线性理论的分析结果将产生显著误差;多控制面协调偏转方法可有效减缓结构载荷。     

大展弦比复合材料机翼的非线性颤振分析

大展弦比机翼在气动力作用下产生较大变形,颤振速度和颤振频率随之发生明显变化,线性理论难以获得比较合理的解答。综合考虑了结构几何非线性、气动非线性和材料各向异性对机翼运动状态的影响,将复合材料机翼建模为非线性薄壁单闭室截面梁,建立机翼的运动方程,并使用小扰动分析的方法得到机翼在平衡位置附近的振动方程。采用Theodorsen非定常气动理论构建气动模型,获得机翼在平衡位置附近的非线性颤振方程,并利用v-g法判定机翼颤振稳定性。通过算例演示了一些非线性颤振的特点,讨论了铺层角、展弦比、机翼线密度等参数对颤振速度的影响,并与线性理论得到的结果进行对比。     

On deterministic chaos,stationarity, periodicity and intermittency in coronal bursts and flares

Solar and stellar flares are highly structured in space and in time, as is indicated for example by their radio signatures: the narrowband spikes, type III, type II and IV, and pulsation events. Structured in time are also the not flare related type I events (noise storms). The nature of this observationally manifest fragmentation is still not clear. Either, it can be due to stochastic boundary or initial conditions of the respective processes, such as inhomogeneities in the coronal plasma. Or else, a deterministic non-linear process is able to cause complicated patterns of these kinds.We investigate the nature of the fragmentation in time. The properties of processes we enquire are stationarity, periodicity, intermittency, and, with dimension estimating methods, we try to discriminate between stochastic and low-dimensional deterministic processes. Since the measured time series are rather short, the dimension estimate methods have to be used with care: we have developed an extended dimension estimate procedure consisting of five steps. Among others, it comprises again the questions of stationarity and intermittency, but also the more technical problems of temporal correlations, judging scaling and convergence, and limited number of data points (statistical limits).We investigate 3 events of narrowband spikes, 13 type III groups, 10 type I storms, 3 type II bursts and 1 type IV event of solar origin, and 3 pulsation-like events of stellar origin. They have in common that all of them have stationary phases, periodicities are rather seldom, and intermittency is quite abundant. However, the burst types turn out to have different characteristics. None of the investigated time series reveals a low-dimensional behaviour. This implies that they originate from complex processes having dimensions (degrees of freedom) larger than about 4 to 6, which includes infinity,i. e. stochasticity. The lower limit of the degrees of freedom is inferred from numerical experiments with known chaotic systems, using time series of similar lengths, and it depends slightly on the burst types.     

气-气喷注器流量特性实验研究

对气-气喷注器的两种类型七种结构的喷嘴进行了带反压的流量特性试验, 选择其中一种结构的喷嘴展开在单路工作的流量特性试验, 重点考察进口压力和反压变化对喷嘴流量特性的影响和氧化剂喷嘴和燃料喷嘴的相互作用;通过试验测量和对实验数据的拟合, 得到喷嘴流量系数的经验公式.所得的结论对全流量补燃循环发动机气-气喷注器的优化设计有一定的指导意义.