GEO长寿命卫星热管在轨等温性能分析

热管是GEO长寿命卫星热控设计大量使用的重要传热元件,其在轨等温传热性能是影响卫星安全可靠工作的关键因素。针对中国在轨长期稳定运行的GEO长寿命卫星热管,基于热管在轨温度遥测数据,采用数理统计方法分析热管在轨等温性能随时间的实际变化规律,分析表明:GEO长寿命卫星热管在轨等温性能稳定性良好,等温性受热管自身温度水平影响较大,年周期内呈现季节性变化,全寿命周期内随飞行时间推移呈现性能衰减下降趋势,寿命末期等温性优于1.6℃,并从热管设计、热负荷大小与分布、使用环境等方面进行等温性改进分析及应用建议。     

Ocean Observation from Haiyang Satellites: 2012–2014

During 2012 and 2014, China has two Haiyang(which means ocean in Chinese, referred to as HY) satellites operating normally in space which are HY-1B and HY-2A. HY-1B is an ocean color environment satellite which was launched in April 2007 to observe global ocean color and sea surface temperature, and HY-2A is an ocean dynamic environment satellite which was launched in August 2011 to obtain global marine dynamic environment parameters including sea surface height,significant wave height, ocean wind vectors, etc. Ocean observation data provided by HY-1B and HY-2A have been widely used by both domestic and international users in extensive areas such as ocean environment protection, ocean disaster prevention and reduction, marine environment forecast,ocean resource development and management, ocean investigations and scientific researches, etc.     

Astrometric positioning and orbit determination of geostationary satellites

In the project titled “Astrometric Positioning of Geostationary Satellite” (PASAGE), carried out by the Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (ROA), optical observation techniques were developed to allow satellites to be located in the geostationary ring with angular accuracies of up to a few tenths of an arcsec. These techniques do not necessarily require the use of large telescopes or especially dark areas, and furthermore, because optical observation is a passive method, they could be directly applicable to the detection and monitoring of passive objects such as space debris in the geostationary ring.     

冷轧体心立方IF钢中剪切带的形成

剪切带是在高应变时冷轧金属中形成的重要微观结构,这种微结构与塑性变形行为有密切关系。本文基于塑性变形理论,运用T ay lor弛豫模型、B ishop和H ill最大功原理,对变形体心立方晶体中滑移系上的切应变分布进行了计算。计算结果表明:当晶粒的轧制方向平行于〈1 1 2〉和轧制面法向平行于〈1 1 1〉冷轧时,几乎全部切应变都能聚集在某一滑移面上,这一高度局域性的切应变是形成剪切带的原因。此时,剪切带与轧制方向之间夹角为35°。而对其他取向的晶体,切应变却呈均匀分布,因而不产生剪切带。透射电子显微镜观察到的剪切带所在晶粒的取向和所在的滑移面证实了这一剪切带的形成机制。     

距离多普勒成像和多散射点定位

距离多普勒雷达成像系统的基本任务是利用雷达回波信号的距离和多普勒信息重构目标反射率的空间分布。本文把用逆合成孔径雷达对运动目标进行距离多普勒成像当作多散射点定位问题来研究,把成像雷达信号处理的两个关键,运动补偿和成像作为最大似然估计问题一起求解。原则上需进行多维搜索,一般情况下,目标上散射点的个数、位置以及目标的轨道运动都先验未知,这种求解的计算量极大。在若干合理的假设成立时,可引入DFT,免去估计散射点个数和位置,大大减少搜索维数,并可利用FFT,从而大大提高计算效率。这样做的代价是最终的成像质量有所下降。当目标轨道运动模型可用二次的距离时间函数描述时,只需进行二维搜索,文中导出了进一步简化的相位补偿和成像算法,并给出了计算机模拟结果。     

多自由度气浮仿真试验台的研究与发展

气浮台仿真是卫星等航天器地面仿真试验的一种重要手段,其中多自由度气浮仿真试验台可以用来研究航天器的编队飞行、轨道机动和空间交会等问题.文中对国内外近几年多自由度气浮仿真试验台的研究状况进行了较详细的介绍,归纳总结了当前的研究热点和发展趋势,旨在为我国相关技术研究人员提供更多的参考和借鉴.     

Design of an end-to-end demonstration mission of a Formation-Flying Synthetic Aperture Radar (FF-SAR) based on microsatellites

The paper focuses on space system design aspects related to an end-to-end demonstration mission, aiming at showing the feasibility of a Formation Flying Synthetic Aperture Radar (FF-SAR) with microsatellite class platforms (~100 kg). Trajectory design approaches that can fulfil payload requirements are addressed to enable selected FF-SAR applications. The exploitation of these applications relies on suitable combinations of FF-SAR techniques like Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) enhancement, High-Resolution Wide Swath (HRWS) SAR imaging, and Coherence Resolution Enhancement (CRE). In this framework, a cluster of 3 micro-satellites, working in X-band, flying in a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) close-formation, has been designed as a candidate end-to-end system demonstration mission. One satellite embarks a Transmitting-Receiving (Tx/Rx) radar, i.e. it is a monostatic SAR. The other two satellites are Receiving-only platforms. Critical design aspects related to spacecraft subsystems and formation-flying analysis are addressed to confirm the technical feasibility of the spaceborne distributed system implementing the FF-SAR principle.     

数字卫星概念研究

基于模型的系统工程是卫星工程设计研制的理论基础,构建数字卫星是总体设计单位的重要工作.本文分析了卫星总体设计过程对数字卫星模型精度的要求,按不确定性的大小粒度,给出了点模型、流模型和场模型的定义;提出数字卫星场的模型精度或不确定性是制约卫星功能密度、反映总体设计水平的关键指标.结合数字孪生系统的概念,论述了数字卫星场模...     

基于广义卡尔曼滤波的伪距组合GPS/INS导航

提出了一种利用广义卡尔曼滤波进行GPS/INS组合导航的技术 ,同时给出了一种最优选星算法。采用间接的反馈校正设置 ,直接利用伪距数据和不受噪声污染的星历数据。利用该方法 ,组合导航精度高 ,在导航过程中若丢失GPS信息 ,短时间内单纯INS的导航精度仍能保持。恢复GPS信号后组合系统继续正常工作。     

解析求解非线性相对运动的最优重构问题

椭圆轨道相对运动模型的线性化导致其在大尺度相对运动应用中精度不能满足需求。针对任意椭圆轨道上的大尺度航天器编队最优重构问题,提出一种基于椭圆轨道非线性相对运动模型的近似解析求解方法。首先通过变分法建立了非线性最优重构问题的数学模型;然后采用摄动法,以偏近点角为积分变量求得了不含特殊积分的解析开环最优控制,有效地避免了真近点角域下最优控制解所含有的特殊积分。仿真验证了所求最优控制的有效性和优越性,结果表明在相对运动尺度较大时,相比基于椭圆轨道线性化模型的最优控制,在燃耗保持相近的情况下,所求非线性控制有效地降低了重构误差。