自洁仿生薄膜吸附模拟研究

固体表面的自清洁性一直深受研究人员的关注,但对其微观机理尚缺乏深入研究。文章利用分子动力学原理,对以ZnO为基底的纳结构表面自清洁效果进行了模拟仿真,探讨了方柱状纳结构尺寸对其自清洁性能的影响规律,进而优化纳结构模型。结果表明,自洁效果最好的纳结构表面尺寸为:柱高度7.05,柱边长7.38,柱侧边距2.16,最大接触角140.8°;同时,与Wenzel模型相比,模拟接触角与Cassie模型的预测值更能保持一致。     

阻拦系统动力学建模与仿真

 以Mark 7 Mod 1型阻拦系统为基础,借助其中的油液流量系数的经验公式,将其扩展到Mark 7 Mod 3型阻拦系统。首先,将K-5型凸轮曲线进行扩展,重新设计凸轮曲线,使主液压缸的行程增加到4.65 m,进而增加了阻拦系统的容量,实现阻拦系统的优化。其次,考虑到主液压缸的质量不能被忽略,通过引入绳索的弹性形变,实现了阻拦过程主液压缸惯性、滑轮缓冲装置的惯性和飞机惯性的综合动力学仿真。再次,增加了滑轮缓冲系统,使阻拦系统的液压模型更为准确、完整。最后,在考虑了凸轮阀控制曲线以及锥形阀流量系数等各项参数变化的情况下,研究飞机各状态与阻拦系统中各参数的相互影响情况。     

Numerical simulation of flow in swirl injector for power-law fluid

In order to investigate the flow characteristics of swirl injectors for gelled propellants, which actually behaved as non-Newtonian power-law fluid, a swirl axisymmetric model was established to solve Navier-Stokes equations and VOF (volume of fluid) equation, and the power-law constitutive equation was used to describe the rheology characteristics of the gelled propellants. The film thickness and velocity distribution in the swirl injector under different flow conditions were studied numerically. The simulation results show that the increased geometry characteristic parameter of the swirl injector contributes to the decrease of liquid film thickness. The liquid film thickness is almost independent of the pressure drop. The rheologic parameters have great influences on the inner flow of swirl injector: by increasing the fluid consistency index K and power index n, both the axial and the swirl velocities decrease dramatically; higher fluid consistency index K and power index n make the liquid film thickness increase. When the viscosity is large enough, the air core in the injector would vanish.      

CFD Study of NO_x Emissions in a Model Commercial Aircraft Engine Combustor

Air worthiness requirements of the aircraft engine emission bring new challenges to the combustor research and design. With the motivation to design high performance and clean combustor, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is utilized as the powerful design approach. In this paper, Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of reactive two-phase flow in an experimental low emission combustor is performed. The numerical approach uses an implicit compressible gas solver together with a Lagrangian liquid-phase tracking method and the extended coherent flamelet model for turbulence-combustion interaction. The NOx formation is modeled by the concept of post-processing, which resolves the NOx transport equation with the assumption of frozen temperature distribution. Both turbulence-combustion interaction model and NOx formation model are firstly evaluated by the comparison of experimental data published in open literature of a lean direct injection (LDI) combustor. The test rig studied in this paper is called low emission stirred swirl (LESS) combustor, which is a two-stage model combustor, fueled with liquid kerosene (RP-3) and designed by Beihang University (BUAA). The main stage of LESS combustor employs the principle of lean prevaporized and premixed (LPP) concept to reduce pollutant, and the pilot stage depends on a diffusion flame for flame stabili-zation. Detailed numerical results including species distribution, turbulence performance and burning performance are qualita-tively and quantitatively evaluated. Numerical prediction of NOx emission shows a good agreement with test data at both idle condition and full power condition of LESS combustor. Preliminary results of the flame structure are shown in this paper. The flame stabilization mechanism and NOx reduction effort are also discussed with in-depth analysis.     

Aerodynamic Design Methodology for Blended Wing Body Transport

This paper puts forward a design idea for blended wing body(BWB).The idea is described as that cruise point,maximum lift to drag point and pitch trim point are in the same flight attitude.According to this design idea,design objectives and constraints are defined.By applying low and high fidelity aerodynamic analysis tools,BWB aerodynamic design methodology is established by the combination of optimization design and inverse design methods.High lift to drag ratio,pitch trim and acceptable buffet margin can be achieved by this design methodology.For 300-passenger BWB configuration based on static stability design,as compared with initial configuration,the maximum lift to drag ratio and pitch trim are achieved at cruise condition,zero lift pitching moment is positive,and buffet characteristics is well.Fuel burn of 300-passenger BWB configuration is also significantly reduced as compared with conventional civil transports.Because aerodynamic design is carried out under the constraints of BWB design requirements,the design configuration fulfills the demands for interior layout and provides a solid foundation for continuous work.     

带执行机构的航空发动机喷口控制器设计方法

依据发动机非线性模型求取喷口的动态模型时,存在未建模动态对线性动态模型的建模误差,由此设计的喷口控制器较难达到设计要求,尤其在大范围飞行包线内喷口控制的动态性能将会变坏;同时由于传感器噪声问题、喷口执行机构的位置饱和限制、速率饱和限制的问题,以及PI控制中的积分饱和问题的存在,这些饱和限制等干扰将会影响PI控制器的设计性能。针对上述问题提出了一种带执行机构的喷口控制器的设计方法和抑制饱和限制干扰的喷口控制逻辑设计方法。首先获取了带执行机构的线性动态增广模型,然后针对该增广模型利用迭代线性不等式方法计算了喷口的鲁棒PI控制器,并对控制器输出进行抗饱和修正,从而提高了喷口控制器的鲁棒性。引入所述方法在发动机半物理仿真中进行了验证,在全飞行包线内获得了满意的喷口控制鲁棒性能。     

分布式非线性气动力模型弹性飞机动力学研究

建立了线性与非线性两种分布式气动力模型,在弹性飞机模型上添加所建立的气动力模型,验证了整个系统的有效性。对所建立的模型进行着陆及突风扰动动力学仿真,对比线性及非线性气动力模型的飞机动力学响应的差异,结果表明非线性气动力模型能够更合理地计算飞机大迎角状态下的气动载荷及动力学响应。     

某型直升机动力学解决方案

动力学问题是某型直升机设计研制的技术关键,本文结合该型机从方案设计到工程研制的各个阶段,针对动力学问题的解决途径与实现情况进行了回顾,给出了设计分析、试验验证结果及其相关性。文中还结合球柔性旋翼和尾桨特有的动力学问题解决方案,分析、探讨解决方案中的得与失,提出了进一步改进的方向。     

纳卫星微槽道冷却系统在轨动态热特性分析

针对纳卫星热流密度不断升高的发展趋势,介绍了一种基于微机电技术(MEMS,Micro Electro Mechanical Systems)的泵驱动单相流微槽道冷却系统.通过合理分析与简化,应用集总参数法建立了能够反映受控对象及冷却装置动态特性的温度响应模型;运用数值方法仿真计算了某纳卫星在轨飞行中受空间外热流影响下的外部散热面和内部电子设备温度的变化规律.仿真结果表明:应用MEMS技术的微槽道冷却系统可以满足高热流密度的纳卫星热系统的冷却需求;空间外热流相对于星体内部热功率的变化,对纳卫星散热面温度的影响较小;该建模方法和求解算法对分析计算纳卫星的温度动态特性是简便、合理的,并为进一步深入研究纳卫星热控制、热管理理论与技术奠定了理论研究及工程应用基础.     

弹性整流罩分离的流固耦合仿真方法

发展了一种流固耦合的动力学数值仿真方法,用以模拟弹性结构在其运动诱导的非定常气动载荷作用下的动态响应.针对给定的运动规律,对不可压流场采用侵入式边界方法求解了非定常气动载荷,其中未计及弹性结构变形对流场的影响.对非定常气动载荷作用下的薄壁弹性结构进行了瞬态动力学数值模拟.以地面试验状态的整流罩分离为例,对刚性体及是否考虑表面气体压力作用的柔性体等情形下的整流罩的动力学行为进行了对比分析,验证了发展的流固耦合动力学仿真方法的可行性.