防护林防沙效应风洞模拟实验

本文叙述防护林防沙效应的风洞模拟实验。分析比较不同结构型式防护林的流场特性及相对积沙量分布规律,得出最优结构型式为小密度灌木片林与疏透乔木林带组合结构。     

NF-3风洞螺旋桨实验段的声学改造

在分析螺旋桨噪声特性和声学实验对风洞的要求的基础上,结合NF-3风洞的特点和声学工程设计经验,对该风洞螺旋桨实验段进行了声学改造。检测结果表明,改造的效果令人满意,NF-3风洞已初步具备声学实验能力。     

矩阵变换器应用于电机系统的研究与进展

矩阵变换器(Matrix converter,MC)是一种直接变换型的交流-交流电力变换装置,具有无电解电容、结构紧凑、功率密度高和恶劣环境条件下适应性强等优点,适用于电机驱动、移动电源和风力发电等场合,因此得到了国内外众多学者的关注。本文主要对MC在电机系统中应用的研究现状进行综述。首先对MC在异步电机、同步电机以及在航空作动器等电机驱动系统中的研究现状进行了评述,然后介绍了MC应用于基于燃气轮机的分布式发电系统和大功率风力发电中的发展现状,最后对MC在工业界的发展情况进行介绍。本文的内容对矩阵变换器的进一步研究及其推广应用具有参考价值。     

Artificial equilibrium points and bi-impulsive maneuvers to observe 243 Ida

In the restricted three-body problem, the traditional Lagrange points L₁ and L₂ are the only equilibrium points near the asteroid 243 Ida. The thrust generated by a solar sail over a spacecraft enables the existence of new artificial equilibrium points, which depend on the position of the spacecraft with respect to the asteroid and the attitude of the solar sail. Such equilibrium points generate new spots to observe the body from above or below the plane of motion. Such points are very good observational locations due to their stationary condition. This work provides a preliminary analysis to observe Ida through the use of artificial equilibrium points as spots combined with transfer maneuvers between them. Such combination can be used to observe the asteroid from more different points of view in comparison to fixed ones. The analyses are made for a spacecraft equipped with a solar sail and capable of performing bi-impulsive maneuvers. The solar radiation pressure is used both to maintain the equilibrium condition and to reduce the costs of the transfers and/or to create transfers with longer duration. This is a new aspect of the present research, because it combines the continuous thrust with initial and final small impulses, which are feasible for most of the spacecraft, because the magnitudes of the impulses are very low. These combined maneuvers may reduce the transfer times of the maneuvers in most of the cases, compared with the maneuvers based only on continuous thrust. Several options involved in these transfers are shown, like to minimize the fuel spent ($\mathrm{\Delta }\mathit{v}$) as a function of the transfer time or to extend the duration of the travel between the points. Extended transfer times can be useful when observations are required during the transfers.     

跨音速自适应风洞的任意初始壁方案

提出一种新的二维柔壁自适应风洞进行跨音速三维模型实验时,基于任意初始壁状态的洞壁调整方案,讨论了在较高跨音速实验Ma数的实验条件下,采用洞壁预调效应处理的洞壁自适应方案的实验结果。     

激波／边界层干扰脉动压力测量技术

建立了激波／边界层干扰脉动压力测试系统。对一组后掠压缩角产生的激波／边界层干扰脉动压力流场进行测量,结果表明,脉动压力时均值及其分布与静态测量得到的结果一致。测量还发现在实验的锥形干扰范围内,未出现类似于二维干扰中由非定常低频振荡激波引起的间歇现象。     

人－椅系统的动压计算问题

通过大量的分析、计算,提出了作用在人－椅系统上的动压修正系数F的半经验公式。给出选取修正因子ε、f（ε）的方法,仅需４个不同马赫数的阻力系数实验值。原则上,若实验结果精度较高,对阻力系数实验值的选取并无限制。但实验数据精度不高,则上述计算的阻力系数的均方根误差就会大些。此方法不仅适用于计算像人－椅系统这样的大钝体,而且也适用于计算其它大钝体在任意马赫数范围的阻力系数,其均方根误差小于01 05。     

飞机空调系统中饱和水蒸气压的计算

提出了方便实用的饱和水蒸气压方程, 与空调系统计算中原来使用的方程相比, 新方程在计算工作量相当的情况下, 显着提高了计算准确度, 能在飞机空调系统可能的饱和温度范围内, 获得满意的计算结果。      

降落伞风洞试验中的几个主要问题

初步总结分析了我国低速风洞降落伞试验中的主要问题,并提出了具体解决办法。得到:开伞动态试验洞壁干扰影响可忽略不计:“无限质量”条件下风洞试验不能准确确定某些伞型的最大拉直力:伞稳态试验的洞壁干扰不能用常规或Maskell方法修正,用壁压信息法可得到准确的修正结果;应用不同测力方法测量时所得稳态结果差异较大;在水平风洞中进行稳态试验须导向定位以消除偏角等结论。此外,对伞的稳定性与横向载荷测量提出了具体实施方案。