Experimental comparison between aircraft fuel tank inerting processes using NEA and MIG

Fuel tank inerting technologies are able to reduce the fire risk by injection of inert gas into the ullage or fuel, the former called ullage washing and the latter fuel scrubbing. The Green On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (GOBIGGS) is a novel technology based on flameless catalytic combustion, and owning to its simple structure and high inerting efficiency, it has received a lot of attentions. The inert gas in the GOBIGGS is mainly comprised of CO₂, N₂, and O₂ (hereinafter, Mixed Inert Gas (MIG)), while that in the On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (OBIGGS), which is one of the most widely used fuel tank inerting technologies, is Nitrogen-Enriched Air (NEA). The solubility of CO₂ is nearly 20 times higher than that of N₂ in jet fuels, so the inerting capability and performance are definitely disparate if the inert gas is selected as NEA or MIG. An inerting test bench was constructed to compare the inerting capabilities between NEA and MIG. Experimental results reveal that, if ullage washing is adopted, the variations of oxygen concentrations on the ullage and in the fuel are nearly identical no matter the inert gas is NEA or MIG. However, the ullage and dissolved oxygen concentrations of MIG scrubbing are always higher than those of NEA scrubbing.     

一般均衡模型下的税负归宿研究

税负归宿问题因其复杂的传导机制影响着人们对最终税收负担的判断，在局部均衡分析失效的情况下，一般均衡模型是研究税负归宿的更佳方案。基于经典的Harberger模型，运用线性化和逼近技术，讨论了一般均衡框架下的数量求解算法，得到了特定部门资本和劳动用量以及资本价格的微分值，并以此分析了局部要素税的税负归宿以及最终的税收负担。     

试论股份制的生命力——资本增殖效应

本文对股份制的原理进行了详细阐述,并对股份制的生命力之所在——“资本增殖效应”作了分析。     

氢氧发动机试验安全技术

本文着重从氢氧发动机试验过程中的安全技术方面进行技术总结,从事故中吸取教训,采取有效措施,以保障氢氧发动机的试验成功.     

原子氧对Kapton侵蚀及ZnO-有机硅涂层防护效应研究

在原子氧(AO)侵蚀地面模拟试验设备中对聚酰亚胺(Kapton)和涂ZnO-有机硅防护层的样品进行原子氧剥蚀效应试验。用LAMBDA-9分光度计、光电子能谱(XPS)、红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)等对试验前后试样的表面形貌、质量及化学结构进行表征研究。AO对Kapton表现了较严重的侵蚀作用,其化学结构、元素百分含量和表面形貌都发生明显变化。而所施用的ZnO-有机硅涂层对AO辐照有较强的防护效果,并具有较好的空间稳定性。因腐蚀产物为SiO2,这对抑制AO的进一步侵蚀起到了关键作用。     

ANALYTICAL VARIATIONAL METHOD OF SOLUTION FOR STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTORS OF FINITE PLATES WITH A PIN HOLE

ＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＦＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＳＴＲＥＳＳＣＯＮＣＥＮＴＲＡＴＩＯＮＦＡＣＴＯＲＳＯＦＦＩＮＩＴＥＰＬＡＴＥＳＷＩＴＨＡＰＩＮＨＯＬＥＸｉＹｕａｎｓｈａｎ；ＺｈａｎｇＸｉｎｇ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆ...     

液氧传热性能研究

用电加热方法实验研究了超临界压力下临界温度区液氧的传热性能,验证了国内常用的传热准则方程式计算液氧换热的适用性.研究结果表明:用亚临界非等温流体湍流换热公式计算超临界压力下液态氧的传热时,只适用于壁温T_w<200K,液温T_f<140K的传热工况;用谢茨曼提出的临界温度区流体换热公式计算临界温度附近液氧和低温气氧的放热系数时,偏差很大;常用的气体换热公式计算超临界压力下高温气氧的传热,基本合适.文章整理和提出了一个适用于临界温度附近液氧和低温气氧传热计算的新的准则方程式.     

氢氧气体爆轰光谱的研究

在以前用摄谱仪研究激液管内氢氧气体爆轰光谱的基础上，用光学多道分析仪（ＯＭＡ光学系统）收集了不同初始压强条件下３００～８００ｎｍ光谱范围氢氧气体爆轰的低分辨和高分辨光谱．     

Artificial equilibrium points and bi-impulsive maneuvers to observe 243 Ida

In the restricted three-body problem, the traditional Lagrange points L₁ and L₂ are the only equilibrium points near the asteroid 243 Ida. The thrust generated by a solar sail over a spacecraft enables the existence of new artificial equilibrium points, which depend on the position of the spacecraft with respect to the asteroid and the attitude of the solar sail. Such equilibrium points generate new spots to observe the body from above or below the plane of motion. Such points are very good observational locations due to their stationary condition. This work provides a preliminary analysis to observe Ida through the use of artificial equilibrium points as spots combined with transfer maneuvers between them. Such combination can be used to observe the asteroid from more different points of view in comparison to fixed ones. The analyses are made for a spacecraft equipped with a solar sail and capable of performing bi-impulsive maneuvers. The solar radiation pressure is used both to maintain the equilibrium condition and to reduce the costs of the transfers and/or to create transfers with longer duration. This is a new aspect of the present research, because it combines the continuous thrust with initial and final small impulses, which are feasible for most of the spacecraft, because the magnitudes of the impulses are very low. These combined maneuvers may reduce the transfer times of the maneuvers in most of the cases, compared with the maneuvers based only on continuous thrust. Several options involved in these transfers are shown, like to minimize the fuel spent ($\mathrm{\Delta }\mathit{v}$) as a function of the transfer time or to extend the duration of the travel between the points. Extended transfer times can be useful when observations are required during the transfers.     

硝酸与固体燃料燃烧性能计算研究

建立了固液火箭发动机燃烧性能计算模型,采用一维化学平衡(ODE)方法对以硝酸为氧化剂的固液火箭发动机燃烧性能进行了初步探讨。计算表明,固液火箭发动机的比冲、特征速度和燃烧温度以及燃烧产物组分等与氧化剂和燃料的配比有密切关系,氧化剂与燃料质量配比在3.75附近时,固液火箭发动机内部的温度较高,燃烧产物组分以及特征速度达到最佳状态,比冲最高。