水下航行潜艇尾流特征仿真建模方法

潜艇的物理特征是航空反潜传感器搜索潜艇的主要依据, 对潜艇特征进行准确的仿真建模能够实现 对潜艇的有效分析。本文以水下航行状态下的潜艇为背景,基于潜艇外部环境和内部工况因素,提出了一种尾 流特征仿真建模方法。通过仿真建立了潜艇内波尾流特征仿真模型和热尾流模型,仿真结果表明,所得模型从 雷达目视和红外探测两个维度模拟了水下潜艇的尾流特征,能够有效反映水下航行潜艇尾流特征。     

Panel/full-span free-wake coupled method for unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blade

A full-span free-wake method is coupled with an unsteady panel method to accurately predict the unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blades in hover and forward flight. The unsteady potential-based panel method is used to consider aerodynamics of finite thickness multi-bladed rotors, and the full-span free-wake method is applied to simulating dynamics of rotor wake. These methods are tightly coupled through trailing-edge Kutta condition and by converting doublet-wake panels to full-span vortex filaments. A velocity-field integration technique is also adopted to overcome singularity problem during the interaction between the rotor wake and blades. Helicopter rotors including Caradonna-Tung, UH-60A, and AH-1G rotors, are simulated in hover and forward flight to validate the accuracy of this approach. The predicted aerodynamic loads of rotor blades agree well with available measured data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results, and the unsteady dynamics of rotor wake is also well simulated. Compared to CFD, the present method obtains accurate results more efficiently and is suitable to rotorcraft aeroelastic analysis.     

从卫星SAR海洋图像中检测船目标及其航迹

从卫星ＳＡＲ海洋图像中检测船目标及其航迹是一项很有意义的工作。由于船目标有强的角反射，它的雷达回波信号比较强，在ＳＡＲ图像中的灰度值比较高。先检测船目标，再在船的周围寻找航迹的检测方案比较合理。文中先介绍了船目标的检测问题。提出应用非线性拉伸的方法增强船目标，运用形态学滤波的方法消除斑点，通过阈值方法检测出船目标后，统计船目标的长度以及中心位置等重要信息。检测出船目标后，使用曲线扫描的方法来进一步     

无人作战飞机空中加油建模与近距机动控制律设计

针对无人作战飞机(UCAV)空中加油时存在加油机尾流干扰导致相对位置难以保持的问题,基于等效气动效应法建立了UCAV动力学模型,并设计了近距机动最优飞行控制律.将加油机尾流对UCAV的影响等效为平均风速度和风梯度,计算出附加于UCAV的诱导力系数和诱导力矩系数,建立了含尾流扰动的受油机模型.以位置跟踪误差的积分为增广状态,基于加权二次型性能指标设计了近距机动最优飞行控制律.仿真结果表明,UCAV模型能真实地体现尾流对受油机的影响,并通过设计的近距机动控制律可有效实现对加油机相对位置的精确跟踪.     

绕物体超声速非均匀尾流(英文)

针对超声速入射流的非均匀性对物体的气体动力特性和热特性的影响作了研究。本述评主要讨论的是尾流型非均匀流动,重点为研究它们的实验方法和理论方法、气流中物体的热和动力特性的普遍相似关系,以及非均匀流的分类和特性等方面。     

铝内衬碳纤维缠绕复合气瓶自紧压力分析

应用解析计算的方法对铝内衬碳纤维全缠绕复合材料气瓶在内压情况下的弹塑性历程进行了分

析,推导并得到了气瓶的自紧压力,通过水压应变测试及疲劳试验的方法进一步验证了计算结果的合理性。经

对比分析,文中提到的计算方法可用于今后相似结构气瓶的自紧力计算。

     

Blockage effect on the flow around a cylinder probe in calibration

Flow around a 2-D cylinder pressure probe placed in uniform flow,free jet flow,and wind tunnel flow was analyzed with potential flow theory and simulated with numerical method.Blockage effect was investigated under several typical flow Mach numbers.The result from numerical simulation shows a similar trend to the one from potential flow method while varies in quantity.Wind tunnel walls accelerate the flow near the probe and thus produce a blockage effect;Boundary of free jet flow,however,decelerates the flow and thus produces a "negative" blockage effect.A maximum incoming Mach number exists when the probe is calibrated in wind tunnel in high subsonic condition due to choking caused by shocks and shock induced separation.The critical Mach number varies with blockage ratio,which makes high Mach number impossible to achieve in large blockage ratio condition.The blockage effect itself is unavoidable for calibration or measurement although a sufficiently small blockage ratio brings minor effect.Correction can be implemented based on the numerical simulation result presented in this paper and further works.      

等环量线旋翼尾迹生成的广适性方法

不同飞行状态下,旋翼尾迹特性是有差别的,有时还很大。数值计算模拟的尾迹结构不够,将难以获得收敛解。针对旋翼复杂尾迹处理的难度,本文提出了一套独特的等环量线旋翼尾迹生成方法,该方法突破了一般方法对旋翼桨叶展向多环量峰分布所做的限制,能够处理旋翼桨叶展向多环量峰复杂分布的情况,具有适用性广的特点。大量算例结果表明,本文所发展的方法是有效的,可以处理比较宽的飞行参数下的旋翼尾迹,并获得满意的结果。     

机动飞行中旋翼尾迹畸变效应实验

为准确计算机动飞行时的旋翼他轴响应,气动模型应计入尾迹畸变效应。体现此效应的关键在于推出时变的尾迹弯曲参数KR。本文通过烟流实验,得出随旋翼前进比、拉力系数和机动角速率变化的KR表达式,并分析指出,国外文献采用固定KR值不足以体现机动效应。为了给理论预测提供参考,本文还测量了机动旋翼的空气动力时间历程,表明旋翼轴接受准阶跃输入后,同轴及他轴的空气动力响应有过冲,且俯仰速率愈大,过冲幅值愈大;本实验中他轴响应为主响应的15%。     

纤维缠绕/金属内衬复合材料气瓶应力分析

针对纤维缠绕/金属内衬复合材料气瓶结构复杂、参数多及设计分析困难等问题,提出了一种面向设计的纤维缠绕/金属内衬复合材料气瓶应力分析方法,并通过一个碳纤维缠绕/铝合金内衬柱形复合材料气瓶的应力分析,评估了分析方法的有效性.