浅谈波音737NG飞机APU滑油系统一项监控指标在故障监控中的应用

波音737NG飞机APU故障影响航班运行,而APU滑油系统是其安全运行的重要保障,大多数APU的故障都能够从滑油系统的监控指标中找到故障征兆。本文基于737NG飞机APU滑油系统工作原理,提出了一项APU滑油系统的监控指标——温升速率,并利用该指标总结排故方法进行重点故障的监控,有效地提高了排故效率。     

考虑喷油润滑的附件机匣温度场分析

附件机匣作为航空发动机重要部件之一,其产热和散热的问题比较复杂.针对以往附件机匣相关研究只关注固体域的产热、散热分析,而对滑油散热作用不能充分考虑这一问题的现状,提出了基于流体仿真思想的稳态温度场分析方法.首先,通过分析附件机匣产热、散热问题的基本规律和特点,进一步采用k-ε湍流模型来模拟机匣内的情况,多相流模型模拟滑油,并且使用多参考坐标系模拟滑油在运动过程中的换热.最后,以某附件机匣作为具体应用案例,验证了方法的正确性和可行性,从而形成了一套行之有效的使用FLUENT软件对附件机匣进行稳态温度场仿真分析的模型和方法.研究的成果对于后续附件机匣的可靠性与寿命分析有重要支撑作用.      

Influence of lunar topography on simulated surface temperature

The surface temperature of the Moon is one of the essential parameters for the lunar exploration, especially to evaluate the Moon thermophysical features. The distribution of the temperature is heavily influenced by the Moon topography, which, however, is rarely studied in the state-of-art surface temperature models. Therefore, this paper takes the Moon topography into account to improve the surface temperature model, Racca model. The main parameters, such as slopes along the longitude and latitude directions, are estimated with the topography data from Chang’E-1 satellite and the Horn algorithm. Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point. Finally, the temperature distribution over the Moon surface is obtained with the effective illumination model and the improved Racca model. The results indicate that the distribution of the temperature is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the Moon surface. The change of the surface temperature is up to 150 K in some places compared to the result without considering the topography. In addition, the variation of the surface temperature increases with the distance from the subsolar point and the elevation, along both latitude and longitude directions. Furthermore, the simulated surface temperature coincides well with the brightness temperature in 37 GHz observed by the microwave sounder onboard Chang’E-2 satellite. The corresponded emissivity map not only eliminates the influence of the topography, but also hints the inherent properties of the lunar regolith just below the surface. Last but not the least, the distribution of the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the lunar pole area is also evaluated with the simulated surface temperature result.     

利用并联氙气瓶温差补偿航天器质心偏移的可行性研究

在以往航天器研制中,一般通过增加配重的方式对航天器质心偏移进行补偿.这种质心补偿方式占用了运载火箭承载能力资源,降低了航天器的有效承载能力.针对常规质心补偿方式的弱点,利用电推进航天器上氙气高密度填充的特点,提出了一种通过氙气瓶温度控制对航天器质心偏移进行补偿的方法,减少了航天器配重的使用需求.氙气瓶温差对航天器质心偏...     

PREDICTION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS FOR END MILLING TITANIUM ALLOY USING MODIFIED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION LS-SVM

It is difficult to construct the prediction model for titanium alloy through analyzing the formation mecha- nism of surface roughness due to the complicated relation between influential factors and surface roughness. A no- vel algorithm based on the modified particle swarm optimization （PSO） least square support vector machine （LS- SVM） is proposed to predict the roughness of the end milling titanium alloys. According to Taguchi method and features in milling titanium alloys, the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on surface roughness are investigated with the analysis of variance （ANOVA） of the experimental data. The research results show that the construction speed of the modified PSO LS-SVM model is two orders of magnitude faster than that of back propagation（BP） model. Moreover, the prediction accuracy is about one order of magnitude higher than that of BP model. The modified PSO LS-SVM prediction model can explain the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on the surface roughness of titanium alloys. Either a higher cutting speed, a lower feed rate or a smaller axial depth of cut can lead to the decrease of surface roughness.     

高温磁悬浮轴承励磁绕组制造技术

针对国内外高温励磁绕组存在的缺陷与不足,提出了一种新型的迷宫形励磁绕组结构,首先通过电火花线切割制造出单层迷宫形线圈,并在线圈匝间和层间充分均匀地填充耐高温绝缘材料;然后通过真空钎焊工艺实现多层迷宫形线圈的牢固焊接,最后将焊接成型的多层线圈封装成迷宫形绕组,并应用于单自由度高温磁悬浮轴承试验台中,实现了550℃被悬浮物体近20h的稳定悬浮.研究结果表明:线圈焊缝的高温电阻值小,抗剪切强度满足要求,焊缝的金相组织致密均匀;绕组匝间和层间绝缘性能良好;迷宫形励磁绕组在原理和工艺上是可行的.对高温悬浮试验后的迷宫形绕组内部形貌进行观察后发现封装线圈的高温绝缘材料存在一定的缺陷,有待进一步研究.      

Gyrosynchrotron Radiation of Interplanetary CMEs

CMEs (Coronal Mass Ejections) are an important means of energy release in the solar corona. Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) is a mission being proposed for observing the propagation of interplanetary CMEs from solar polar orbit. The main payload onboard SPORT is a synthetic aperture interferometric radiometer, which receives radio emission of interplanetary CMEs. It is identified that there are mainly three radio emission mechanisms of CMEs, i.e., bremsstrahlung, gyrosynchrotron emission and plasma emission. Among these emission types, bremsstrahlung emission is the main emission mechanism of the high-density plasma clouds of interplanetary CMEs. Gyrosynchrotron emission is the continuous emission generated by high-energy electrons from CMEs, while plasma emission is the main mechanism of transient radio bursts from CMEs. In this paper, the gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs is focused on. Firstly, the mechanism of gyrosynchrotron emission is reviewed. Secondly, a review of the physical parameter models of background solar wind and interplanetary CMEs is presented. After these, the brightness temperature and polarization of gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs are calculated and analyzed. Finally, the detectability of gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs by radio meters is discussed briefly.      

MEMS陀螺零偏温度补偿模型研究

针对MEMS陀螺工作易受温度变化影响、角速度测量输出误差大、预热时间长的问题,通过大量实验数据分析、总结规律,建立了零偏温度补偿模型,并结合最小二乘法利用多元线性回归技术对模型参数进行了辨识。对比零偏温度补偿前后的试验结果表明,经过补偿后的MEMS陀螺不但测量精度得到提高,其工程应用稳定性也得到增强。     

航空煤油HiTAC燃烧特性的数值分析

采用合理的气-雾两相流流动、混合、燃烧、传热和NOx生成数学模型,对模型燃烧室内航空煤油的高温空气燃烧（HiTAC）特性进行了CFD数值模拟。数值模拟结果表明：通过合理组织燃烧,能使航空煤油实现HiTAC燃烧特性。燃烧室内温度梯度明显降低;燃烧温度场趋于均匀;有效降低污染物NOx的排放。计算结果与相同条件下的重油HiTAC燃烧试验结果有相同规律。     

飞机颠簸及其飞行处置

目的研究导致飞机颠簸的天气形势和环境条件;方法通过对颠簸区中的飞行气象条件、影响颠簸的几个主要因素、颠簸对飞行的影响以及在颠簸区中飞行时飞行员应采取的一些措施做了简要介绍,分析飞机颠簸预报指数和指标;结果揭示产生飞机颠簸的气象条件;结论增强飞机气象保障能力,以保障飞行安全。