发动机谐振与箭体模态耦合稳定性及机理研究

针对发动机谐振可能与箭体弹性振动之间发生耦合共振,从而引起姿态控制系统不稳定的问题,首先将发动机谐振特性简化为一个二阶环节,建立了包含发动机谐振方程的火箭姿态动力学模型;然后分析了发动机谐振对箭体模态极点频率和阻尼比的影响,并从理论上分析了出现负阻尼比时发动机和箭体模态间的耦合共振机理,在此基础上计算了导致姿态控制系统...     

基于负刚度预载荷机构的锥形介电型EAP驱动器研究

为了便于对介电型EAP驱动器进行优化设计,针对介电型EAP驱动器进行建模是极其重要的.结合弹性大变形理论及Maxwell应力建立介电型EAP材料的机电耦合模型,分析一种可以提高驱动器性能的负刚度预载荷机构,在此基础上建立基于负刚度预载荷机构的锥形介电型EAP驱动器模型.通过对微分代数方程组的求解,分析预载荷机构对驱动器...     

某超高速转子系统减振结构研究

为解决某超高速转子系统的失稳碰摩问题,以干摩擦阻尼耗散转子涡动能量理论为依据,采用一种自由安装式干摩擦片减振结构(干摩擦阻尼器).该结构在转轴上安装波形弹性垫片及干摩擦片,通过螺母预紧力矩向波形弹性垫片及各干摩擦片提供轴向正压力.干摩擦片随转子振动并产生相对运动,从而耗散转子涡动能量,达到减振、增强转子稳定性的目的.通...     

二维振动结构的颗粒阻尼实验

采用非接触式激光测振仪对自由端附有空腔的L型悬臂梁进行了颗粒阻尼减振实验,考查了空腔尺寸对颗粒阻尼的影响规律,得到了二维颗粒阻尼的相关特性.结果表明:①非线性的颗粒阻尼能够显著地抑制结构振动,且阻尼值至少比金属材料阻尼大一个数量级;②二维颗粒阻尼在各个方向上具有相似的阻尼特性,随无量纲加速度的增加,颗粒阻尼先增大后减小...     

高压管路透镜垫连接件结构分析

透镜垫联接件作为高压气体管路的重要零件之一,其密封性能关系到气体增压系统能否安全可靠地工作。本文通过连接结构力学分析,对透镜垫结构进行了密封计算并校核了螺栓强度;同时,采用接触非线性有限元方法进行了数值分析,得出了在不同拧紧力矩下的接触面上等效应力和变形分布情况,以及拧紧力矩和密封宽度、密封面积的对应关系。理论分析和数...     

直升机结构响应主动控制研究中的若干问题

随着控制理论的不断发展，主动控制的实现方式也多种多样。在线辨识是自适应控制的关键所在，而辨识算法也是多种多样，这样结合在线辨识功能的自适应控制种类就更多。本文旨在对已经应用或者即将应用和可能应用到在直升机振动控制上的，并具有在线辨识功能的多种结构响应主动控制技术进行比较，并提出其中值得研究的若干问题，有助于今后的进一步研究。     

全自动分蜜机运行中的避振PLC控制设计

由随机发生的严重布料不均匀引起的强烈机械振动难以用机械方法加以解决只能靠增加对机械振动强度的监测灵敏度。当振动强度超过一定值时，PLC控制程度执行一系列操作以保护机械系统和拖动电机的安全。因此设计并制作高灵敏度测振电路板对系统安全至关重要。本文详细描述了此电路板的设计和制作过程。该电路板对分蜜机有可靠的保护作用。     

New Insights on Geomagnetic Storms from Model Simulations Using Multi-Spacecraft Data

The forecast of the terrestrial ring current as a major contributor to the stormtime Dst index and a predictor of geomagnetic storms is of central interest to ‘space weather’ programs. We thus discuss the dynamical coupling of the solar wind to the Earth's magnetosphere during several geomagnetic storms using our ring current-atmosphere interactions model and coordinated space-borne data sets. Our model calculates the temporal and spatial evolution of H⁺, O⁺, and He⁺ ion distribution functions considering time-dependent inflow from the magnetotail, adiabatic drifts, and outflow from the dayside magnetopause. Losses due to charge exchange, Coulomb collisions, and scattering by EMIC waves are included as well. As initial and boundary conditions we use complementary data sets from spacecraft located at key regions in the inner magnetosphere, Polar and the geosynchronous LANL satellites. We present recent model simulations of the stormtime ring current energization due to the enhanced large-scale convection electric field, which show the transition from an asymmetric to a symmetric ring current during the storm and challenge the standard theories of (a) substorm-driven, and (b) symmetric ring current. Near minimum Dst there is a factor of ∼ 10 variation in the intensity of the dominant ring current ion specie with magnetic local time, its energy density reaching maximum in the premidnight to postmidnight region. We find that the O⁺ content of the ring current increases after interplanetary shocks and reaches largest values near Dst minimum; ∼ 60% of the total ring current energy was carried by O⁺ during the main phase of the 15 July 2000 storm. The effects of magnetospheric convection and losses due to collisions and wave-particle interactions on the global ring current energy balance are calculated during different storm phases and intercompared. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Solar Influences on Dynamical Coupling Between the Stratosphere and Troposphere

We use a simplified atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) to investigate the response of the lower atmosphere to thermal perturbations in the lower stratosphere. The results show that generic heating of the lower stratosphere tends to weaken the sub-tropical jets and the tropospheric mean meridional circulations. The positions of the jets, and the extent of the Hadley cells, respond to the distribution of the stratospheric heating, with low latitude heating displacing them poleward, and uniform heating displacing them equatorward. The patterns of response to the low latitude heating are similar to those found to be associated with solar variability in previous observational data analysis, and to the effects of varying solar UV radiation in sophisticated AGCMs. In order to investigate the chain of causality involved in converting the stratospheric thermal forcing to a tropospheric climate signal we conduct an experiment which uses an ensemble of model spin-ups to analyse the time development of the response to an applied stratospheric perturbation. We find that the initial effect of the change in static stability at the tropopause is to reduce the eddy momentum flux convergence in this region. This is followed by a vertical transfer of the momentum forcing anomaly by an anomalous mean circulation to the surface, where it is partly balanced by surface stress anomalies. The unbalanced part drives the evolution of the vertically integrated zonal flow. We conclude that solar heating of the stratosphere may produce changes in the circulation of the troposphere even without any direct forcing below the tropopause. We suggest that the impact of the stratospheric changes on wave propagation is key to the mechanisms involved.     

Commonalities Between Ionosphere and Chromosphere

Three types of processes, occurring in the weakly ionized plasmas of the Earth’s ionosphere as well as in the solar chromosphere, are being compared with each other. The main objective is to elaborate on the differences introduced primarily by the grossly different magnitudes of the densities, both with respect to the neutral and, even more so, to the plasma constituents. This leads to great differences in the momentum coupling from the plasma to the neutral component and becomes clear when considering the direct electric current component transverse to the magnetic field, called “Pedersen current”; in the ionosphere, which has no quasi-static counterpart in the chromosphere. The three classes of processes are related to the dynamical response of the two plasmas to energy influx from below and from above. In the first two cases, the energy is carried by waves. The third class concerns plasma erosion or ablation in the two respective regions in reaction to the injection of high Poynting and/or energetic particle fluxes.