AC-PSO算法在无人机任务规划中的应用

无人机飞行中合理的路线规划可以减小飞行时间、降低油耗,减小被敌方发现、攻击的可能,从而提高了完成任务的概率.鉴于大部分无人机是以一个相对固定的高度进行侦察和任务飞行,故可将无人机的飞行任务规划视为二维平面的TSP问题.本文进一步将地面防空威胁与飞行距离统一量化,通过求解TSP求取最优无人机任务规划.文中通过分析蚁群算法与粒子群算法,提出了一种新的混合方法AC-PSO算法解决TSP求解问题.算法借鉴了蚁群算法的路线构造方法和粒子群算法的进化策略思想,同时给出了提升算法效率的一些措施.实验验证,该算法和威胁建模方法相结合,能有效地满足无人机飞行任务规划的要求.     

低速高湍流度90°弯管流动数值模拟

分析了曲率对弯曲管道流动的影响 ,给出了曲率修正的双层 k-ε湍流模型 ,并数值模拟了非均匀来流低速高湍流度 90°弯管内流动。文中比较了曲率修正双层 k- ε湍流模型的计算结果与实验结果 ,以及双层 k- ε湍流模型和逆压力梯度修正双层 k- ε湍流模型的计算结果。通过比较 ,发现经过曲率修正后的双层 k- ε湍流模型更好地模拟了非均匀来流低速高湍流度 90°弯管内流动。同时比较了壁面参数的插值方法 ,发现在弯曲管道流动模拟中对壁面参数进行一阶插值比零阶插值能更好地模拟真实流场     

内喷管间隙宽度对线性塞式喷管性能的影响

为了了解内喷管间隙宽度对线性塞式喷管性能的影响，提出了对应着同一个内喷管的三种不同间隙宽度的塞锥。采用数值模拟的方法，得到了不同间隙宽度的线性塞式喷管在不同工况下的流场和性能。比较了不同间隙宽度对线性塞式喷管性能的影响，结果表明：增加内喷管间隙会增大线性塞式喷管的面积比和设计压比；内喷管间隙变宽，塞锥表面的压强下降，塞式喷管的性能下降，间隙宽度增大一倍，塞式喷管性能下降1％～3％。另外在计算过程中发现，内喷管的性能是整个线性塞式喷管性能的主要组成部分，占了整个塞式喷管性能的三分之二以上。     

2.4m跨声速风洞带TPS测力试验数据精度要求分析

成功建立带TPS风洞测力试验技术的一个关键问题是确保试验数据具有足够的精度,必须精细地分配误差。为获得满足工程需要的高精度测力试验数据,给出一种基于计算机符号运算的子程序,完成不确定度计算过程中公式自动推导、计算。最后通过对TPS风洞试验数据精度的敏度分析,给出了某运输机在2.4m跨声速风洞TPS试验中各环节的误差分配要求。     

气压高度试验方法研究

介绍了利用模型表面的压力测量值经计算求出来流静压的方法和试验结果。文中涉及的计算方法为多元回归法,对试验所得压力数据进行处理,可拟合出多个不同参变量下的静压P∞的多元方程,从中选取一组较精确的作为计算公式进行验证试验,结果表明采用该方法测量静压具有较高的精度。     

Planetary protection issues related to human missions to Mars

In accordance with the United Nations Outer Space Treaties [United Nations, Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, UN doc A/RES/34/68, resolution 38/68 of December 1979], currently maintained and promulgated by the Committee on Space Research [COSPAR Planetary Protection Panel, Planetary Protection Policy accepted by the COSPAR Council and Bureau, 20 October 2002, amended 24 March 2005, http://www.cosparhq.org/scistr/PPPolicy.htm], missions exploring the Solar system must meet planetary protection requirements. Planetary protection aims to protect celestial bodies from terrestrial contamination and to protect the Earth environment from potential biological contamination carried by returned samples or space systems that have been in contact with an extraterrestrial environment. From an exobiology perspective, Mars is one of the major targets, and several missions are currently in operation, in transit, or scheduled for its exploration. Some of them include payloads dedicated to the detection of life or traces of life. The next step, over the coming years, will be to return samples from Mars to Earth, with a view to increasing our knowledge in preparation for the first manned mission that is likely to take place within the next few decades. Robotic missions to Mars shall meet planetary protection specifications, currently well documented, and planetary protection programs are implemented in a very reliable manner given that experience in the field spans some 40 years. With regards to sample return missions, a set of stringent requirements has been approved by COSPAR [COSPAR Planetary Protection Panel, Planetary Protection Policy accepted by the COSPAR Council and Bureau, 20 October 2002, amended 24 March 2005, http://www.cosparhq.org/scistr/PPPolicy.htm], and technical challenges must now be overcome in order to preserve the Earth’s biosphere from any eventual contamination risk. In addition to the human dimension of the mission, sending astronauts to Mars will entail meeting all these constraints. Astronauts present huge sources of contamination for Mars and are also potential carriers of biohazardous material on their return to Earth. If they were to have the misfortune of being contaminated, they themselves would become a biohazard, and, as a consequence, in addition to the technical constraints, human and ethical considerations must also be taken into account.     

气动计算软件集成系统中的远程控制

随着我国航空航天技术的飞速发展,气动计算软件集成技术日趋成熟,但用户在并行计算中需要手动输入的操作较多。鉴于此,通过编程开发了基于TCP／IP协议的FTP客户端应用程序,实现了对网格文件的信息采集、过滤并将其和参数、脚本文件等批量自动上传的功能。根据批处理文件中的命令,调用Windows平台自带的客户端Telnet,向远程集群管理节点发出命令,远程启动服务器集群的并行计算任务。最后,在客户端实现了远程控制服务器集群上的计算流体力学软件Fluent进行并行计算。结果表明：使用该远程控制系统能够减少用户输入操作,提高计算效率,保证数据的实时更新。     

星用非金属材料出气污染性质原位测试设备研制

成功研制了星用非金属材料出气污染性质原位测试设备.设备可原位、连续、定量测试星用非金属材料出气可凝挥发物率,给出全过程的出气数据。设备测控系统稳定、测试仪器灵敏(最小可检达4.4×10~(-8)g/cm~2),测试数据可靠。整体设计和技术指标达到国际先进水平,并有所创新。是我国目前唯一的多功位星用非金属材料出气污染高灵敏度原位测试设备。     

星用非金属材料出气污染性质原位测试设备研制

成功研制了星用非金属材料出气污染性质原位测试设备， 可原位、连续、定量测试星用非金属材料出气可凝挥发物，给出全过程的出气数据。测试系统稳定、测试仪器灵敏、最小可检达４．４×１０－ ８ｇ／ｃｍ ２。是我国目前唯一的多功位星用非金属材料出气污染高灵敏度原位测试设备。