基元叶栅攻角特性多目标优化

采用多段Bezier曲线对轴流压气机叶型予以参数化表达,通过Isight优化平台,结合S1流面数值模拟分析,以改良的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA Ⅱ)对美国NASA单级轴流跨声压气机Stage 35的动叶和静叶叶中截面基元叶栅进行攻角特性的多目标优化,优化目标是降低全攻角范围内的总压损失系数以及拓宽攻角适应性范围。以总压损失系数最小点以及总压损失系数相对最高点和最低点的差值作为优化目标函数,叶栅流量不变为约束条件。结果表明:优化显著降低了动、静叶叶中截面基元叶栅的总压损失系数,并使其攻角适应性范围分别拓宽了5°和3°。      

GEO卫星热控涂层αS退化空间综合环境模拟试验

文章用综合低能辐照试验模拟15年地球同步轨道环境对热控材料S781白漆、SR107-ZK白漆、镀银FEP、OSR片的太阳吸收率退化趋势。有机白漆有严重退化,而OSR和 镀银FEP材料退化较少。通过与飞行试验结果比较,证明了本次模拟试验的有效性。通过利用退化趋势的试验数据,应用最小二乘法获得退化数学模型。二次指数退化模型与4种材料退化曲线符合较好。更长试验时间结果可以通过数学模型外推的方法获得。经试验验证,用8年试验数据外推15年数据误差不超过1%。     

主/从动式组合旋翼悬停状态气动特性分析

针对传统直升机构型中主旋翼旋转时产生的扭矩需要尾翼或是反向旋转的共轴旋翼加以抵消,从而造成能量浪费的问题,以将主旋翼旋转时产生的扭矩转化为升力为出发点,提出了一种主旋翼带动下方无动力旋翼旋转的主/从动式组合旋翼气动布局构型。通过动量叶素理论以及CFD数值模拟中的多重参考系法,对主/从动式组合旋翼悬停状态的气动特性进行了初步分析,结果表明,此构型中的下方从动旋翼利用上方主动旋翼的扭矩产生了额外10%的升力,同时下方从动旋翼在上方主动旋翼引流的有利干扰下升力系数提高了35%。     

A Class of TVD Type Combined Numerical Scheme for MHD Equations With a Survey About Numerical Methods in Solar Wind Simulations

It has been believed that three-dimensional, numerical, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling must play a crucial role in a seamless forecasting system. This system refers to space weather originating on the sun; propagation of disturbances through the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and thence, transmission into the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. This role comes as no surprise to numerical modelers that participate in the numerical modelling of atmospheric environments as well as the meteorological conditions at Earth. Space scientists have paid great attention to operational numerical space weather prediction models. To this purpose practical progress has been made in the past years. Here first is reviewed the progress of the numerical methods in solar wind modelling. Then, based on our discussion, a new numerical scheme of total variation diminishing (TVD) type for magnetohydrodynamic equations in spherical coordinates is proposed by taking into account convergence, stability and resolution. This new MHD model is established by solving the fluid equations of MHD system with a modified Lax-Friedrichs scheme and the magnetic induction equations with MacCormack II scheme for the purpose of developing a combined scheme of quick convergence as well as of TVD property. To verify the validation of the scheme, the propagation of one-dimensional MHD fast and slow shock problem is discussed with the numerical results conforming to the existing results obtained by the piece-wise parabolic method (PPM). Finally, some conclusions are made. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

直接反转完全可逆式组合叶栅的实验研究

针对矿井、隧道等行业对风机反风性能的要求,提出了一种动叶直接反转完全可逆式组合叶栅设计的新方案。该方案具有结构简单、正反向性能完全相同、便于采用现有成熟叶型等特点。通过平面叶栅试验确定了重叠度、栅距比等组合叶栅最佳组合参数,此外,试验结果表明在相同雷诺数下,组合叶栅的正反向最大升力系数C_(L max)和失速攻角α_(L max)较现有双对称叶型均有大幅度提高,显示出较好的应用前景。     

Mission-oriented cooperative 3D path planning for modular solar-powered aircraft with energy optimization

Modular Solar-Powered Aircraft(M-SPA) is a kind of High-Altitude Long-Endurance(HALE) aircraft which exploits the mission advantage of swarm UAV and the HALE advantage of large aspect-ratio SPA. M-SPA’s separated mode and combined mode give it the potential to maximize the mission efficiency with limited solar energy. In this paper, firstly, oriented by the mission of maximizing the cruise area, the overall design of the M-SPA is modeled, including the energy model, the aerodynamic model and the...     

不同掠弯扩压叶栅变工况气动性能比较

实验研究了变工况条件下由不同掠弯叶片组成的平面扩压叶栅出口总压损失及二次流矢量分布,并给出了叶片表面墨迹流动显示结果。研究表明弯掠叶栅能够最大程度地改善角区流动,避免流动分离,叶栅出口总压损失对冲角变化不敏感,正冲角下总损失增加较小且吸力面角区也不存在明显的分离。通过增大中径处的设计冲角或进行弯掠匹配优化进一步提高变工况性能的潜力巨大,对提高压气机性能具有实际价值。      

不同冲角下端壁翼刀最佳位置变化规律的数值研究

在0°,6°,12°和-6°冲角下,对CDA常规直叶栅和具有端壁翼刀的压气机叶栅内三维粘性流场进行了数值研究,分析了冲角变化对端壁翼刀最佳位置的影响。结果表明,正冲角下,翼刀最佳位置向吸力面方向有所偏移,并且在大正冲角下,这种现象更加明显。距压力面40%节距处为最佳翼刀位置;负冲角下,最佳位置虽有向压力面移动的趋势,但不明晰。      

叶片表面喷气对叶栅性能影响的试验研究

航空发动机的不断发展,使涡轮前的温度越来越高.尽管材料科研发展迅速,但仍赶不上温度提高的要求,涡轮叶片必须采用气冷,这就对涡轮气动性能带来了影响.本文介绍了用平面叶栅吹风试验方法研究气膜冷却叶栅在各种工况下对叶栅气动性能的影响,获得了许多有价值的结论.     

平面叶栅尾流板开孔率对跨声速涡轮叶栅流道影响的数值分析

跨声速平面叶栅风洞中通常通过尾流板来改善平面叶栅周期性,针对尾流板的设计需求,利用数值模拟的方法,研究了尾流板在15%、30%、50%开孔率下对实验叶栅的影响。数值分析结果表明:叶栅尾缘激波在自由边界上反射后,返回到叶栅通道中,破坏了叶栅通道的周期性;开槽尾流板减少了反射波对叶栅通道的影响,减弱叶栅尾缘激波的反射波强度,在某特定情况下能使反射波变成膨胀波,从而提高了叶栅通道周期性;尾流板开孔率为15%时能极大地改善平面叶栅通道的周期性,相对于开孔率为50%时叶栅的周期性误差降低约16.43%。