复合热条件下椭球形封闭腔内低压气体的自然对流

以填充氦气的平流层浮空器为应用背景,对非均匀复杂热边界条件下大尺寸椭球形封闭腔内低压气体的自然对流热特性与动力学特性进行了数值模拟。以Fluent软件为基础,采用用户自定义函数(UDF)自编程技术引入外部非均匀的对流-辐射耦合热边界条件,考虑了低压气体密度对压力、温度的依赖关系。分析了不同条件下腔壁与内部气体温度、对流换热特性以及流场、压力、质心变化等动力学特性,通过数据分析,获得了腔内自然对流的局部对流换热系数关联式。研究结果表明,在平流层环境下,外部非均匀热边界条件及其变化对封闭腔内低压气体的自然对流热特性与动力学特性影响很大。     

内并联式TBCC进气道模态转换过程流动特性分析

针对组合动力(TBCC)进气道模态转换过程中出现的非定常气动现象,采用稳态/非稳态数值模拟方法对相关流动特性及其影响因素与流动机理开展了研究。结果表明：由涡轮发动机工作状态向冲压发动机工作模态转换过程中,进气道内出现结尾激波沿流向前后振荡现象,振荡频率约为130Hz;当冲压流道反压引起的激波未前传至模态转换分流板前时,冲压发动机工作状态对结尾激波振荡不产生影响。在相同的发动机工作状态下,随着模态转换速度的增加,结尾激波振荡频率逐渐增大。文中研究的进气道内结尾激波振荡现象可通过亚声速管道内波的传播理论进行解释和分析。     

组合互感器检定方法探讨

提出了符合组合互感器运行状态的整体检定方法以及按元件分别检定计算整体误差的方法;给出了几种条件下电流、电压互感器和组合互感器的误差限值;对整体检定方法的优点和检定用标准器的选择进行了论述。     

Normalized ionization yield function for various nuclei obtained with full Monte Carlo simulations

Several recent results important for production of ion pairs in the Earth atmosphere by various primary cosmic ray nuclei are presented. The direct ionization by various primary cosmic ray nuclei is explicitly obtained. The longitudinal profile of atmospheric cascades is sensitive to the energy and mass (charge) of the primary particle. In this study different cosmic ray nuclei are considered as primaries, namely Helium, Oxygen and Iron nuclei. The cosmic ray induced ionization is obtained on the basis of CORSIKA 6.52 code simulations using FLUKA 2006 and QGSJET II hadronic interaction models. The energy of the primary particles is normalized to GeV per nucleon. In addition, the ionization yield function Y is normalized as ion pair production per nucleon. The obtained ionization yield functions Y for various primaries are compared. The presented results and their application are discussed.     

Ionization effect of solar protons in the Earth atmosphere – Case study of the 20 January 2005 SEP event

The cosmic ray ground level enhancement on January 20, 2005 is among the largest recorded events in the history of cosmic ray measurements. The solar protons of MeV energies cause an excess of ionization in the atmosphere, specifically over polar caps following major solar disturbances. The ionization effect in the Earth atmosphere is obtained for various latitudes on the basis of solar proton energy spectra, reconstructed from GOES 11 measurements and subsequent full Monte Carlo simulation of cosmic ray induced atmospheric cascade. The estimation of ionization rates is based on a numerical model for cosmic ray induced ionization. The evolution of atmospheric cascade is performed with the CORSIKA 6.52 code using FLUKA 2006b and QGSJET II hadron interaction models. The atmospheric ion rate ionization is explicitly obtained for 40°N, 60°N and 80°N latitudes. The time evolution of obtained ion rates is presented. It is demonstrated that ionization effect is negative for 40°N and small for 60°N, because of accompanying Forbush decrease. The ionization effect is significant only in sub-polar and polar atmosphere during the major ground level enhancement of 20 January 2005.     

尾缘喷气方式对涡轮叶栅气动性能的影响

以某涡轮叶栅为研究对象,采用试验和数值模拟相结合的方式研究了涡轮叶片不同喷气结构对叶栅性能的影响。对半开缝和对开缝两种尾缘冷气喷射的研究表明:当冷气流量比较小时,有一个总压损失随冷气量增大先增加后减小的趋势:当冷气量较大时,冷气造成的总压损失随冷气增大而减小。在相同条件下,半开缝叶栅出口的总压损失系数小于对开缝叶栅出口的总压损失系数。叶栅出口平均气流角随着喷气比的增大呈减小的趋势,但变化范围很小。     

压气机线性振荡叶栅气弹试验研究（二）：叶尖间隙的影响

 为了加强对叶轮机三维气动弹性机理的理解,为数值模拟方法提供试验验证数据,开展了压气机线性叶栅气动弹性试验研究。本研究分为2个部分,第1部分研究压气机线性振荡叶栅的气弹稳定性,本文为第2部分,重点辨别叶尖间隙对压气机叶片气弹稳定性的影响。试验结果表明随着叶尖间隙的增加,间隙流对振动叶片有失稳影响,其影响范围几乎遍及整个叶高,这与非定常气动的瞬时径向相互作用的结论是一致的。这种失稳效应与叶片间相位角对叶栅气弹稳定性的影响不耦合。间隙流在叶栅稳定性最差时影响最显著。详细的非定常压力试验结果表明,随着叶尖间隙的增加,叶片表面非定常压力幅值减小区域与间隙流造成的卸载区域相对应。由试验结果可以推断,不考虑叶尖间隙的数值模型可能会给出过稳定的叶片颤振预测。     

一种梁板复合结构的设计

对某卫星主结构中应用的一种新型的复合材料结构形式——梁板复合结构进行了设计、分析与试验。首先通过整星分析,设计了梁板复合结构,并为其设计了试验件进行研制试验。同时,利用有限元软件PATRAN和NASTRAN建立了三种模型:二维板壳模型、三维板壳模型和三维实体模型,通过比较试验结果与分析结果,修正了分析模型,并找出了合理的分析方法。试验结果表明,设计的梁板复合结构满足了既定的强度要求。     

Calculation of an unsteady jet flow around the plate cascade

In the framework of the general theory for unsteady weakly disturbed fluid flows with free boundaries, a problem is solved to calculate a jet flow around the cascade of plates executing the harmonic oscillations. We developed a program that enables us for the first time to carry out systematic calculations of flow characteristics depending on arbitrary values of determining parameters.     

新型组合预测模型在空中交通流量预测的应用

民航运输业的快速发展使空中交通流量迅猛增加,如何准确预测未来的交通流量是关乎到行业资源高效分配、战略合理部署的一个重要问题。因此,国内外众多专家对空中交通流量的预测进行了大量研究．提出了诸多模型和方法。针对目前空中交通流量预测中存在的缺陷与不足,提出并建立了一种适用于民航的新型组合预测模型。将趋势外推法拟合的结果作为多元回归分析法的复合时间变量组,并利用主成份分析法实现了复合时间变量组与其他影响因素变量的有机结合,建立了趋势外推法和多元回归分析法的组合预测模型。以上海终端区的空中交通流量预测为例,借助SPSS数据统计软件进行研究分析,通过对预测结果的各项精度检验,与传统方法相比较,证实本预测模型的优越性。