半封闭肋化通道射流冲击的实验

运用红外热像测试技术对半封闭肋化通道单排孔射流冲击进行了热像显示实验,揭示出射流雷诺数、冲击间距、肋型排布方式对传热特性的影响规律,并开展了冲击孔流量系数的研究.结果表明:在本文研究范围内,冲击间距与孔径比Zn/d=1时壁面射流区换热效果最好;V型肋化通道在壁面射流区获得了最佳换热效果;冲击孔流量系数随雷诺数增加而变大;在其它工况相同的情况下,V型顺流肋化通道内冲击孔流量系数最大.      

考虑相关性的同级叶片系统强度可靠度分析方法

提出了考虑相关性的同级叶片系统强度可靠度分析方法.该方法包括同级叶片强度随机变量相关系数的数值模拟方法、同级叶片强度临界状态函数之间相关系数的确定方法.并给出考虑材料相关性的同级叶片系统可靠度计算二阶窄界限公式.讨论了考虑失效相关的同级叶片系统强度可靠度不同计算方法.最后通过算例表明所提出方法的有效性.      

低密度高亚声速引射风洞设计及性能研究

研究以火星表面大气条件和火星飞行器飞行速度为基础,设计一个低密度高亚声速引射风洞,并运用ANSYS FLUENT 15.0对多喷嘴引射风洞的性能进行了数值计算分析。首先对计算进行了网格无关性验证,在保证计算精度和减少时间与计算资源的基础上,通过研究发现:多喷嘴引射器作为风洞动力系统可满足试验段马赫数达到0.77的高亚声速马赫数要求,并且对试验段上下壁面采用各1°的扩张角可有效降低试验段边界层对压力的影响,从而使试验段静压基本维持不变;提高引射膨胀比是提高试验段雷诺数的一个有效措施,但是会降低引射系数,同时会增加试验段的静压梯度,影响试验段的气流品质。因此低密度引射风洞设计过程中必须综合考虑试验段扩张角,引射膨胀比等因素。     

涡流控制在小展弦比飞翼布局飞机上的应用研究

全隐身布局飞行器采用无尾飞翼布局,此种布局具有很多优点,但是在动态特性上存在一些新的问题,造成了飞行器稳定和操纵的困难.通过对小展弦比飞翼布局飞机进行涡流控制,可以产生较大的控制力矩,从而对飞机进行纵向和航向的控制,改善飞机的操纵效率.控制力矩是非线性变化的,其大小与飞机飞行状态(迎角、速度等)以及喷流的状态(喷流速度、喷孔位置、喷流方向等)有关.将喷流产生的控制力矩应用于飞机的控制,通过对增加喷流后飞机静操纵特性的分析,表明其改善了飞机静操纵特性和隐身性能,具有较好的实用性.     

氧气/煤油发动机燃气热物理参数及输运系数计算

为了给氧气/煤油发动机设计和热防护设计提供必要的设计参数,针对氧气/煤油燃气进行热力学计算。运用吉布斯最小自由焓计算模型得到燃气平衡组成,通过拟合公式的方法得到燃气的热物理参数及输运系数。通过计算,得到氧气/煤油燃气的组分及比焓、密度、比熵、粘性系数等热物理参数和输运系数随温度和压力的变化特性。分析结果表明:水离解对氧气/煤油燃气组分变化存在显著影响,压力增大会导致水离解起始温度升高;氧气/煤油燃气比焓、比熵、定压比热、粘性系数、热传导系数变化在温度较低时受压力影响较小,当水开始离解后,压力的影响显著增强;组分在燃气中的扩散系数同时受到了温度和组分摩尔分数的影响;燃气普朗特数变化受热传导系数变化的影响较大,水离解后,热传导系数的迅速增大使燃气的普朗特数迅速减小。     

用于粒子分离器的砂粒反弹特性实验研究

针对砂粒反弹特性所面临的基础问题及其复杂特点,采用实验与理论分析的方法研究砂粒反弹机理。以砂粒与板面碰撞反弹为起点,自行设计了测量砂粒反弹系数的实验系统,并用高速摄影仪捕捉砂粒的运动轨迹,通过图像处理获得不同粒径的砂粒与不同材料的板面碰撞前后的速度矢量。以实验测量数据为基础,理论分析砂粒运动特性,总结砂粒反弹系数与入射角度之间的关系,建立不同材料的砂粒反弹系数的拟合公式,为进一步提高粒子分离器的分离效率提供研究基础与理论支撑。     

Estimation of sediment settling velocity in estuarine and coastal waters using optical remote sensing data

A robust method has been developed for estimating sediment settling velocity (w_s) from high resolution optical remote sensing data in estuarine, coastal and harbor waters. This method estimates settling velocity as a function of the drag coefficient (C_d), Reynolds number (Re), grain size (D₅₀), specific gravity (Δ_SG) and grain shape (in terms of the Corey Shape Factor – CSF). These parameters were derived from the particulate inherent optical properties such as backscattering (b_bp), beam attenuation (c_p), suspended sediment concentration and turbidity using Landsat 8 OLI and HICO data. Preliminary results for the Gulf of Cambay in the eastern Arabian Sea and Yangtze river estuary in the East China Sea, showed that satellite-retrieved settling velocities (m?s^?1) varied from very low values in clear oceanic waters, intermediate values in coastal waters, to very high values in river plumes and sediment-laden coastal waters. The remote sensing retrievals of sediment properties and their settling velocities were generally consistent with the field and laboratory results, which indicate that the proposed methodology will have important implications in various coastal engineering, environmental and management studies.     

Aerodynamics of ducted re-entry vehicles

Ballistic parameter plays a major role in determining the re-entry trajectory. Lower ballistic coefficient offers an optimal re-entry, wherein the vehicle decelerates higher up in the atmosphere thereby decreasing the imposed aerothermal loads. The current computational study proposes an add-on, to the existing Orion-based re-entry vehicle: a duct circumventing the capsule from the shoulder to the base, to improve the aerocapture ability of the re-entry vehicle. The design cases are categorised based on a non-dimensional parameter termed the Annular Area Ratio (AAR). Dragand ballistic coefficient of the Ducted Re-entry Vehicles (DRVs) at various Mach numbers are evaluated and compared with those of the baseline model. The results show that the proposed design increases the drag for all the AARs considered in the subsonic regime. In the supersonic regime, ducted models of higher AAR are more promising with the increase in Mach number. DRVs also exhibit lower ballistic coefficients than their baseline counterparts.     

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Passive Vortex Generators on Aludra UAV Performance

A study of the effects of passive vortex generators (VGs) on Aludra unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerodynamic characteristics is presented. Both experimental and numerical works are carried out where an array of VGs is attached on Aludra UAV’s wing. The flow measurements are made at various angles of attack by using 3-axis component balance system. In the numerical investigation, the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) code FLUENT 6.3TM is used in the simulations with fully structured mesh with Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model and standard wall function. The comparison between the experimental and numerical results reveals a satisfactory agreement. The parametric study shows that higher maximum lift coefficient is achieved when the VGs are placed nearer to the separation point. In addition to this, shorter spanwise distance between the VGs also increases the maximum lift coefficient, rectangular and curve-edge VG performs better than triangular VG.     

三级风扇进气压力畸变特性分析

基于多子区平行压气机彻体力模型,就某风扇特性和S2流面计算结果进行了气动稳定性的评估与分析.介绍了进口流场畸变对风扇稳定性影响的数学模型,并阐述了该模型的求解方法;计算和分析了压力畸变对风扇稳定性影响的结果,并讨论了压力畸变在风扇系统中的传递和分布情况.计算结果表明:风扇在相对换算转速75%下稳定裕度储备可能不足;中低...